双源热泵空调系统耦合运行方案的研究

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中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论 .............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 课题提出的背景 ................................................................................................ 1

1.1.1 我国当前的建筑能耗问题 ....................................................................... 1

1.1.2 地源热泵的发展及地下（冷）热堆积问题 .......................................... 2

1.1.3 地源热泵—空气源热泵双源热泵系统的提出 ...................................... 2

1.2 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................ 3

1.2.1 空气源热泵的国内外研究现状 .............................................................. 3

1.2.2 地源热泵系统的国内外研究现状 .......................................................... 4

1.2.3 复合式地源热泵系统的国内外研究现状 .............................................. 5

1.3 本课题研究的主要内容 .................................................................................... 6

第二章地源热泵与空气源热泵性能的理论比较 ...................................................... 8

2.1 热泵的热力学完善度 ........................................................................................ 8

2.2 空气源热泵与地源热泵的热力学完善度比较 ................................................. 9

2.3 地源热泵及空气源热泵的性能比较 ............................................................... 11

2.3.1 夏季制冷模式下地源热泵与空气源热泵的性能比较 ......................... 11

2.3.2 冬季制热模式下地源热泵与空气源热泵的性能比较 ........................ 12

2.4 地源热泵与空气源热泵性能理论计算的验证 ............................................... 13

2.5 小结 .................................................................................................................. 15

第三章双源热泵系统的设计 ........................................................................................ 16

3.1 建筑物概况 ...................................................................................................... 16

3.2 地源热泵系统的设计 ...................................................................................... 16

3.2.1 地源热泵系统形式的确定 .................................................................... 16

3.2.2 建筑物的空调设计负荷 ........................................................................ 17

3.2.3 建筑物的全年负荷 ................................................................................ 18

3.2.4 热泵机组的选型 .................................................................................. 20

3.2.5 地埋管换热器系统的设计及水泵选型 .............................................. 21

3.3 地源热泵系统土壤吸放热量的不平衡率 ...................................................... 21

3.4 双源热泵系统的设计 ....................................................................................... 22

3.4.1 双源热泵系统的形式 ............................................................................ 22

3.4.2 空气源热泵与地源热泵机组容量的选择 ............................................ 23

3.5 小结 .................................................................................................................. 27

第四章双源热泵系统与地源热泵系统的运行性能模拟 ........................................ 28

4.1 TRNSYS 软件简介 ........................................................................................... 28

4.1.1 地源热泵模块的数学模型 ..................................................................... 28

4.1.2 单U型垂直地埋管换热器模块（Type557a）的数学模型 ................. 31

4.1.3 空气源热泵模块（Type655）的数学模型 ........................................... 36

4.2 地源热泵系统及双源热泵系统的仿真模型 ................................................... 38

4.3 模拟内容 ........................................................................................................... 39

4.4 模拟结果 .......................................................................................................... 41

4.4.1 峰值冷负荷下地源热泵系统与双源热泵系统运行性能的比较 ......... 41

4.4.2 75%冷负荷工况下地源热泵系统与双源热泵系统运行性能的比较 .. 43

4.4.3 50%冷负荷工况下地源热泵系统与双源热泵系统运行性能的比较 .. 46

4.4.4 25%冷负荷工况下地源热泵系统与双源热泵系统运行性能的比较 .. 48

4.5 双源热泵系统的运行方案 .............................................................................. 49

4.5.1 针对于目标建筑物的双源热泵系统耦合运行的方案 ........................ 49

4.5.2 针对于一般建筑物的双源热泵系统耦合运行的方案 ........................ 52

4.6 小结 .................................................................................................................. 52

第五章双源热泵系统运行性能实验及数据分析 ........................................................ 54

5.1 实验平台概况 ................................................................................................... 54

5.1.1 实验系统形式及主要设备 ..................................................................... 54

5.1.2 实验系统控制及数据采集系统 ............................................................. 56

5.2 实验内容 .......................................................................................................... 58

5.3 实验数据分析 .................................................................................................. 59

5.3.1 ＞75%峰值负荷下地源热泵与空气源热泵耦合运行性能实验 ......... 59

5.3.2 50%～75%峰值负荷下地源热泵与空气源热泵耦合运行性能实验 .. 60

5.3.3 25%～50%峰值负荷下地源热泵与空气源热泵耦合运行性能实验 .. 64

5.4 双源热泵系统参数模拟结果与实验结果的比较 .......................................... 67

5.4.1 峰值冷负荷工况下实验结果与模拟结果的对比 ................................. 67

5.4.2 50%冷负荷工况下实验结果与模拟结果的对比 .................................. 68

5.5 小结 .................................................................................................................. 71

第六章双源热泵系统的综合性能分析 ........................................................................ 72

6.1 热泵系统的动态经济性分析方法 ................................................................... 72

6.2 四种热泵系统经济性能的比较 ....................................................................... 73

6.2.1 双源热泵系统与地源热泵系统的经济性能比较 ................................. 73

6.2.2 双源热泵系统与空气源热泵系统的经济性能比较 ............................. 74

6.2.3 双源热泵系统与冷却塔式复合地源热泵系统的经济性能比较 ......... 75

6.3 四种空调系统的综合性能分析 ....................................................................... 77

第七章结论与展望 ........................................................................................................ 79

7.1 结论 ................................................................................................................... 79

7.2 展望 ................................................................................................................... 80

参考文献 ........................................................................................................................ 81

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ............................................ 84

致谢 ................................................................................................................................ 85

摘要

地源热泵具有节能、高效、环保等优点，近年来越来越受到人们的青睐。本

课题从维持土壤热平衡、降低系统初投资、提高系统的运行效率以及简化系统形

式、增强系统的可控性等角度出发，设计出一套地源热泵与空气源热泵相结合的

双源热泵系统。

首先，选取上海地区某厂房作为目标建筑物，通过分析该建筑物的全年动态

负荷特性得出，若采用单纯的地源热泵系统作为其中央空调系统的冷热源，土壤

吸放热量的不平衡率约为 44.17%。为维持土壤的热平衡，并从简化系统形式、增

强系统可控性等角度出发，提出夏季采用空气源热泵分担部分供冷量的解决措施，

设计了地源热泵与空气源热泵相结合的双源热泵系统。从降低系统初投资的角度

出发，确定了双源热泵系统的全年运行方案，即：夏季空气源热泵始终运行，随

着温度的降低逐渐减小地源热泵承担的供冷量；冬季只采用地源热泵为建筑物提

供热量，并据此进一步确定了地源热泵及空气源热泵机组的容量。

对双源热泵系统在夏季不同工况下的运行性能进行模拟以及实验分析，得到

目标建筑物在不同冷负荷条件下的系统最优运行模式。综合考虑双源热泵系统的

运行效率及土壤热平衡两方面因素，将机组容量确定时所定的双源热泵系统的夏

季运行方案进行适当调整，得出较合理的运行方案：即地源热泵机组与空气源热

泵机组始终维持耦合运行的方式，当室外的日平均干球温度高于 32.5℃时应采用

空气源热泵优先卸载容量的策略，当室外的日平均干球温度低于 32.5℃时应采用

地源热泵优先卸载容量的策略。

比较双源热泵系统、地源热泵系统、空气源热泵系统、冷却塔式复合地源热

泵系统之间的综合性能，得出双源热泵系统的经济性能较好，系统可靠、结构简

单，具有良好的持续性，调节可控性强。

关键词：地源热泵地下热堆积空气源热泵双源热泵系统

运行方案

ABSTRACT

The ground-source heat pump has many advantages such as energy-saving, high

efficiency, environmental protection and so on, and in recent years it, the

ground-source heat pump more and more gets the favor of people. In order to keep the

thermal balance of soil , reduce the equipment investment, improve system efficiency ,

simplify the system form and enhance the controllability of system, a dual-source heat

pump system which the ground-source heat pump combined with air-source heat

pump was designed in this paper.

First, select a workshop in Shanghai area as target, through the analysis of annual

variable load characteristic of the building, come to a conclusion that, if using the

mere ground-source heat pump system as the heat and cold sources of the air

conditioning system, the lopsided ratio between the heat absorption and release of soil

is about 44.17%. In order to keep the thermal balance of soil as well as reduce the

equipment investment and improve system efficiency, the solution that using

air-source heat pump in summer to undertake part of cooling load was put forward.

And according to this solution, a dual-source heat pump system was designed In order

to reduce the equipment investment, the operation scheme of the dual-source heat

pump system was determined: the air source hot pump always run in summer, as

temperature decreased, the ground- source heat pump load decreased; in winter, only

the ground- source heat pump operate. And according to the scheme, the capacity of

heat pumps was determined.

Simulate the performance of the dual-source heat pump system and analyze in

experiment in order to get the optimal operation mode in different loading conditions.

According to the conclusions and on the basis of thermal balance of soil and high

efficiency of the systems, make a plan that: in summer, the ground-source heat pump

units and air source heat pump unit always maintain a coupling operation way. If the

dry-bulb temperature of outdoor air is more than 32.5 ℃, the air source heat pump

has priority to adjust its loads; If the dry-bulb temperature of outdoor air less than

32.5℃, the ground-source heat pump has priority to adjust its loads .

Compare the dual-source heat pump system with the ground-source heat pump

system, the air source heat pump system and the cooling tower hybrid ground-source

heat pump system, the dual-source heat pump system has better economic

performance, simple structure, good continuity as well as better controllability.

Key Word ：ground-source heat pump ，air source heat

pump ,geothermal accumulation of ground-source heat pump system,

dual source heat pump system, operation scheme

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摘要：

目录中文摘要ABSTRACT第一章绪论..............................................................................................................11.1课题提出的背景................................................................................................11.1.1我国当前的建筑能耗问题..................................................

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