我国上市公司融资决策与所得税税负相关性研究

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3.0 李佳 2024-09-20 4 4 395.91KB 56 页 150积分
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析资本结构的研究从未间断。大量的理论与实证研究结果都证明了税收的确会影
响公司的融资决策。然而,在我国,该领域的研究还处于起步阶段,且大都只停
留在定性分析的层面上。税收作为影响公司融资决策的最现实的因素,在我国上
市公司的融资决策过程中却未得到足够的重视,理论界对公司财务政策税收效应
的研究更是少之又少。所得税税负对公司融资决策究竟存在多大的影响?我国上
市公司是否已经意识到债务融资的节税效应,并将税负变动作为调整融资决策的
依据之一?我国上市公司未利用的税盾价值空间究竟有多大?
本文采用理论与实证分析相结合的方法,对中国税收制度如何影响公司融资
决策进行系统分析,旨在从所得税税负角度为中国上市公司进行融资决策提供经
验证据,进而为政府制定和完善相关税制,为公司更好的融资决策提供参考依据。
本文首先借鉴国外理论研究与实证研究的基本成果,通过分析融资带来的税
收收益与融资产生的成本,建立均衡理论模式;接着,本文在理论模式的基础上,
引入影响公司融资决策的税收变量(税率与非债务税盾)与非税控制变量,构建所
得税税负变动对公司融资决策影响的实证模型,并采用中国上市公司的财务面板
数据进行回归检验,考察税收变量对上市公司融资决策的具体影响。
本文的实证分析采用了债务水平回归模型与债务变化回归模型。在水平回归
中,税负的影响主要体现在边际税率上,但其影响不大;还体现在非债务税盾上,
但其影响程度较小。在变化回归中,税收的影响主要体现在代表债务税盾的边际
税率上,但其影响程度也较小。此外,本文以中国2008年1月1日新所得税法的施
行为研究环境,具有以往国外同类研究不可比拟的纯净性,其检验的结果进一步
验证了债务税盾的弱效应,这意味着上市公司在进行融资决策选择时,债务融资
带来的税收收益并不能鼓励上市公司较多地使用债务。
上述实证结论说明所得税虽已成为上市公司融资决策的一个权衡因素,但其
所带来的税盾价值并未得到很好的利用,我国上市公司在进行融资决策时普遍存
在轻债务重股权的现象。本文针对这种情况,提出了一些具有建设性的的税收政
策建议,为优化我国上市公司融资决策打下坚实基础。
关键词:所得税税负;融资决策;股权融资;债权融资;边际税率
ABSTRACT
Since the birth of MM theorem in 1958more and more western economists study
the correlation between income tax burden and the company financing decisionsSince
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then, the Western perspective of the academic through the income tax study to analyze
the capital structure has never stopped.The research generally supports the fact that
taxes do affect corporate financing decisions
However
in China the study on the effect
of taxes on corporate capital structure is still in the primary stageand most researchers
just adopt qualitative analysis on this field
Most of the Listed-Companies haven’t taken
the taxes as an important and realistic element when they make financing decisions, and
so far, little research on the tax effects of corporate financing decisions has been done.
How much is the tax effect? Have the corporations in China realized the debt tax shield
and start to use it to increase the firm value? How much does the debt tax shield that
still remain?
This thesis systematically analyses how taxes affect corporate capital structure of
Chinese Listed-Companies by adopting theoretical analysis and empirical analysisThe
aim is to provide empirical evidences for status quo of Capital Structure of the
Listed-Companies in China, which also provide theoretical basis for relevant tax
po1icies making and improving by government department to optimize capital structure
of Chinese Listed-Companies
Based on the results of foreign theoretical and empirical researchthis thesis
firstly builds a “balance” theoretical pattern by weighing the benefits(tax deductibility
of interest payment)and costs(potential bankruptcy costs)of debt financingNextby
analysing how taxes affect corporate capital structure choice in China, the thesis finds
that tax system in China does not encourage debt financingThenempirical model is
constructed to examine the effect of taxes on corporate capital structure by introducing
the variables including tax variables(tax rate and non-debt tax shields)and non-tax
control variables from theoretical patternUsing the panel data of Chinese
Listed-Companiesthe results of the regressions are consistent with the above analysis
The empirical study of this thesis uses the debt level regression and the debt
change regressionIn the level regressionthe effect of marginal tax rate is not
significant
and in the change regression
the effect of tax rate is also small
but both the
effect of non-debt tax shields is small
namely
the effect of taxes on capital structure is
not bigFurthermorethe thesis examines a unique circumstance in which the Chinese
government issued the new income tax law in January 1, 2008. This case is more pure
than foreign similar researchThe evidence also indicates that the effect of tax rate is
small which means the benefit of tax on debt financing can not encourage Chinese
Listed-Companies to finance by more debt when they are making capital structure
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choice
Although income tax have been a trade-off factor in Listed-Companies’ financing
decisions by the empirical findings, the value of the tax shield has not been put to good
use, the Chinese Listed-Companies have keen preference of equityfinancing in terms
of taxes
Finally
according to the conclusions of the theoretical and empirical analysis
the thesis puts forward some suggestions of tax policies to optimize capital structure of
Chinese Listed-Companies
Key words: Income tax burden; Financing decision; Equity financing; Debt financing;
Marginal tax rate
目录
第一章 绪论.....................................................................................................................1
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第一节 选题的背景和意义......................................................................................1
第二节 国内外研究现状及相关文献综述..............................................................2
第三节 本文的研究方法和结构安排......................................................................8
第四节 创新点及不足............................................................................................10
第二章 融资方式与所得税税负的概述.......................................................................11
第一节 融资的理论基础........................................................................................11
第二节 所得税税负对资本结构的影响................................................................15
第三章 上市公司融资决策中税收与非税收因素的权衡...........................................23
第一节 上市公司融资决策中的税收影响因素....................................................23
第二节 上市公司融资决策中的非税影响因素....................................................25
第三节 上市公司融资决策的权衡确定................................................................29
第四章 我国上市公司融资决策与所得税税负相关性实证检验...............................31
第一节 研究背景及模型构建................................................................................31
第二节 研究样本的选取........................................................................................32
第三节 样本数据的处理........................................................................................34
第四节 上市公司融资决策与所得税税负相关性的实证检验............................37
第五节 债务变化回归分析....................................................................................40
第六节 主要结论....................................................................................................42
第五章 上市公司融资决策的税收政策建议...............................................................44
第一节 规范税收优惠政策....................................................................................44
第二节 完善资本利得征税制度............................................................................45
第三节 逐步消除重复征税的影响........................................................................47
第四节 建立债券融资的税收激励机制................................................................48
参考文献.........................................................................................................................50
附录
...............................................................................................................................53
致谢
...............................................................................................................................54
第一章 绪论
第一节 选题的背景和意义
作为国家进行经济调控的政策工具之一,所得税的影响渗透于社会经济的各
摘要:

5析资本结构的研究从未间断。大量的理论与实证研究结果都证明了税收的确会影响公司的融资决策。然而,在我国,该领域的研究还处于起步阶段,且大都只停留在定性分析的层面上。税收作为影响公司融资决策的最现实的因素,在我国上市公司的融资决策过程中却未得到足够的重视,理论界对公司财务政策税收效应的研究更是少之又少。所得税税负对公司融资决策究竟存在多大的影响?我国上市公司是否已经意识到债务融资的节税效应,并将税负变动作为调整融资决策的依据之一?我国上市公司未利用的税盾价值空间究竟有多大?本文采用理论与实证分析相结合的方法,对中国税收制度如何影响公司融资决策进行系统分析,旨在从所得税税负角度为中国上市公司进行融...

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作者:李佳 分类:高等教育资料 价格:150积分 属性:56 页 大小:395.91KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-09-20

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