企业预算公平对预算松弛影响实验研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
II
摘要
随着预算管理在我国的不断推广,它已经逐渐演化成企业管理的一项重要制
度安排。预算管理以其战略性、全面性、系统性和整合性等特征,得到了企业界
的广泛认同。近年来,国内不少企业专门设置了预算管理委员会,为推行预算管
理投入了大量的人力和物力。然而值得关注的是,预算管理在我国企业中的应用
效果却参差不齐。虽然也有一些成功的例子,但仍有很多企业在预算管理的实施
上花费了大量的资源,最后却感觉这项管理工作对企业并没有起到应有的作用。
究其原因,现行的预算管理系统虽然在理论上似乎非常严密,但实质上却有许多
因素制约它发挥积极作用。预算松弛即是其中最重要的制约因素之一。潘飞、程
明(2007)的实证研究显示,在我国自愿披露预算信息的 886 家公司中,预算松
弛是一个很普遍的现象。由此可见,研究预算松弛问题不仅具有重要的理论价值,
而且也具有重要的现实意义。
近年来,国内外一些学者分别从不同的角度对预算松弛展开了研究。其中对
预算松弛成因的研究占了大部分的篇幅。本文也认为要缓解预算管理过程中的预
算松弛问题,关键是要探寻预算松弛的形成原因,并在此基础上明确这些成因对
预算松弛的具体影响过程。借鉴国内外预算松弛的研究成果,本文选取企业预算
公平作为预算松弛成因的切入点。此外,本文在分析预算公平对预算松弛的影响
时,引入了实验研究方法,由实验参与者扮演某一控制环境下的虚拟身份,通过
观察参与者在不同影响因素下的反应,得出预算松弛出现的规律,结合社会学、
心理学的知识,以求深刻地揭示预算公平对预算松弛的具体影响过程,并在此基
础上,为企业制定预算松弛的控制措施,提出具体的政策建议。
本文共为五章,其中第一章绪论部分对论文的研究背景、研究目的和意义、
论文研究方法及思路框架进行介绍。第二章分别从国内和国外两个角度对现有文
献进行综述和评价,以探寻目前我国有关预算松弛研究中存在的不足。第三章对
论文的核心概念进行了界定,并阐述了本文的理论基础,为后文的实验研究做了
必要的理论铺垫。第四章主要是实验研究,在前人研究的基础上提出实证研究的
基本假设,然后选取了具有 3年以上工作经验的 MBA 学员作为实验对象,通过实
验的方法来采集数据,接着运用统计软件 SPSS 16.0 进行方差分析,以及运用路径
分析法来深入探讨预算公平对预算松弛的具体影响过程。实验结果显示①预算目
标公平性对预算松弛的影响在统计学上是显著的;②预算程序公平性与预算松弛
之间的关系可以通过员工对管理者的信任度来解释;③员工在不公平的预算程序
和不公平的预算目标环境中的预算松弛最大,但是当预算程序公平时,员工在预
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
III
算目标公平性的两个水平下的预算松弛差异不明显。在第五章本文根据实验结果,
结合我国的实际情况,对有效抑制企业的预算松弛提出以下几点建议:①预算编
制过程应体现公平性。具体措施为一是保证预算编制的公平合理;二是充分发挥
企业领导的标杆效应,提高员工的公平感;三是加强内部审计作用,确保预算编
制的公平性。②培育信任型的企业文化。③构建合理的激励机制,提高员工在预
算执行中的公平感。最后,本文简要总结了文章的创新点及研究的局限性。本文
的主要创新之处,一是基于组织公平理论的二因素论,本文将预算公平分为预算
目标公平和预算程序公平这两个变量,并首次利用这两个变量来研究预算公平对
预算松弛的影响。二是为更好地抑制员工的预算松弛,本文提出需构建公平合理
的预算编制程序即企业在编制预算目标时应先自上而下地确定预算总目标,再自
下而上地编制各部门预算目标。
关键词:预算公平;预算目标;预算程序;预算松弛;实验研究方法
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
IV
ABSTRACT
In China, budget management has gradually been an important system arrangement
of enterprises. Because of the strategic, comprehensive, systematic and integrated
feature, budget management owns wider recognition in business. In recent years, many
domestic enterprises have established the budget management committee and spent
massive manpower and physical resource carrying out budget management. However,
we rarely find the paradigm that a certain corporation has a successful budgetary
experience. The empirical study of Pan Fei and Cheng Ming demonstrated that
budgetary slack is a very universal phenomenon in 886 domestic companies which
voluntary disclose budget information. Thus, the research of budgetary slack is
important not only to theoretical value, but also practical value.
Recently, budgetary slack has become the topical point, especially the cause of
budgetary slack, which studied together by the theory circle and business circles.
Drawing on relevant theories of budgetary slack, this article selects business budgetary
fairness as the breakthrough point of the cause of budgetary slack, uses experimental
research method, then introduces theories of sociology and psychology which is helpful
to reveal the concrete relation between budgetary slack and budgetary fairness, supply
some valuable suggestions to the practice about budgetary management at last.
This paper has five chapters. The first chapter introduced the research background,
the structure and methods of this paper. The second chapter is concluded by reviewing
relevant researches. The third chapter describes the relative concepts and theories about
budgetary slack and budgetary fairness, which hope to supply necessary theoretical
foundation to the parent research. The fourth chapter is mainly experimental study.
Firstly, the author proposes four hypothesises based on the others’ researches. Secondly,
this paper collects data basing on samples of MBA students who have three years work
experience at least. Thirdly, the paper use variance analysis and path analysis to discuss
the impact of budgetary fairness on budgetary slack. The experiment analysis shows
that: the impact of budgetary target justice in statistics is significant; budget
procedural justice can produce indirect effects of negative correlation on the employees'
tendency to create budgetary slack, and trust in managers plays an important role in this
process; Compared to other conditions ,employees in unfair budgetary process and
budgetary target show the most budgetary slack, but when the budget process is fair,
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
V
employees in two levels of budgetary target justice have no obvious difference in budget
slack. The fifth chapter sums up conclusions and proposes suggestions concerning the
relevant policy. Firstly, business in budgeting process should embody fairness. Secondly,
business should build trust model in enterprise culture. Thirdly, it is necessary for
business to construct reasonable incentive mechanism which is helpful to improve
staffs’ sense of justice in the budget implementation process. The end of this paper sums
up the innovations and the limits of relevant researches. The main innovations of the
paper are as follows: for one thing, the paper breaks through an ordinary rule in
researching the relation between budgetary slack and budgetary fairness. For another
thing, this paper suggests business build a fair and reasonable budgeting process which
set the total budget target from bottom to up and distribute the budgetary target of
departments from top to bottom.
Keywords: Budgetary Fairness; Budgetary Target; Budgetary Process; Budgetary Slack;
Experimental Research Method
摘要:

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文II摘要随着预算管理在我国的不断推广,它已经逐渐演化成企业管理的一项重要制度安排。预算管理以其战略性、全面性、系统性和整合性等特征,得到了企业界的广泛认同。近年来,国内不少企业专门设置了预算管理委员会,为推行预算管理投入了大量的人力和物力。然而值得关注的是,预算管理在我国企业中的应用效果却参差不齐。虽然也有一些成功的例子,但仍有很多企业在预算管理的实施上花费了大量的资源,最后却感觉这项管理工作对企业并没有起到应有的作用。究其原因,现行的预算管理系统虽然在理论上似乎非常严密,但实质上却有许多因素制约它发挥积极作用。预算松弛即是其中最重要的制约因素之一。潘飞、程明(2007...

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作者:李佳 分类:高等教育资料 价格:150积分 属性:51 页 大小:469.21KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-09-20

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