财政政策对我国国际收支的影响研究

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3.0 李佳 2024-09-20 4 4 433.55KB 56 页 150积分
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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
I
摘要
当今我国国际收支经常项目、资本项目已持续多年的双顺差。2003 年以来,
以美国为代表的我国主要贸易伙伴国强烈要求人民币升值,以减少我国对美国等
国的贸易顺差,我国同一些贸易伙伴国的贸易摩擦越来越激烈。2005 7月,我
国进行了人民币汇率改革,将原先单一钉住美元的汇率制度更改为参考一篮子货
币的汇率制度,增加了人民币汇率制度的灵活性,允许人民币逐步缓慢升值。另
外,在我国外汇储备连年攀升、国际资本流动性较小的情况下,货币政策似乎并
不能有效调节国际收支。为此,本文试图通过研究财政政策对国际收支的影响,
分析是否可以将财政政策作为调节国际收支的政策工具。本文采用实证分析方法,
分别分析了财政政策对我国国际收支经常项目和资本项目的影响,研究财政政策
在调节国际收支失衡中的作用,并根据研究的结果提出若干政策建议。
在理论分析过程中,本文对财政政策与国际收支之间关系的相关理论进行了
论述与总结,指出了各种理论间的联系与存在的问题。然后对国内外关于财政政
策与国际收支的实证分析方法进行了总结。
在实证分析过程中,本文首先分析了财政政策对经常项目下贸易收支的影响,
本文选取样本 1980-2009 年的年度数据进行了实证分析,采用协整分析方法,研
究财政政策与贸易收支之间的长期关系;然后利用向量误差修正模型和脉冲反应
研究各变量间的短期动态关系。结果发现,我国财政赤字的增加最初时期会使经
常项目顺差减少,而在此后的时期内会使经常项目顺差增加。这主要是由于我国
财政赤字政策主要倾向于大规模基础设施与基础产业建设,导致各种需求扩大,
拉动了进口增长,从而在短期内可能使经常项目顺差减少;而从长期来看,赤字
财政并未改变中国高私人储蓄和低消费倾向,国内消费不足,导致经常项目顺差
增加。
在财政政策对资本项目的影响方面,本文着重分析了财政政策对我国实际利
用外商直接投资(FDI)的影响,以及财政政策对资本外逃的影响,弥补了把贸易
收支等同于国际收支这一不足。实证结果表明:财政政策与我国实际利用FDI、
本外逃之间存在长期的协整关系,但财政政策对我国实际利用FDI和资本外逃的影
响并不十分显著。这说明,实际利用FDI和资本外逃除了受财政政策影响以外,
要还受到其他因素之影响。
在此基础之上,文章最后进一步分析了财政政策对国际收支的影响机制,
本文系教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目《世界经济失衡与中国选择》(项目编号:
2006JDXM063
的阶段性成果。
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
II
出运用合理财政赤字和财政支出结构等政策来实现我国国际收支平衡的建议。
关键词:财政政策;国际收支;经常项目;资本项目;Johansen协整检验
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
III
ABSTRACT
In recent years, China's balance of payments has continuous surplus in the current
account as well as the capital and financial account. In 2003including the U.S.our
country’s major trading partners strongly urge the appreciation of the RMB, so as to
reduce our country’s trade surplus with the United States and other countriesTrade
friction between our country and some trading partners is increasing intensionIn 2005,
our country has to adjust the RMB exchange rate from dollar peg to a basket of
currencies which increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate, allowing the RMB
to appreciate slowly
However, in the circumstance of less international capital flow and
substantial growth in foreign exchange reserves, the regulating role of monetary policy
to the international balance of payments was not obvious. Therefore, this paper attempts
to study the impact of fiscal policy on international payments and then to analyze
whether we call adjust the surplus by the fiscal budget policyAn empirical research is
conducted to analyze the influence of fiscal policy on China's balance of international
payments in this article. A few suggestions on China's policies are submitted according
to the result of the research.
In the process of theoretical analysis, this paper gives a theoretical review of the
relationship between the fical policy and balance of payments. It is the basis of fical
policy’s adjustment on the balance of payments. This paper first introduces the
relationship between fical policy and balance of payments related to the theory, and then
summarizes the empirical research methods both at home and abroad.
In the process of empirical analysis, this paper conducts analysis in the current
account and capital account separately. First, It uses cointegration analysis to study the
long-term relationship between the fical policy and trade balance, and then uses the
vector error correction model to study the short-term relationship between the
variables.The data is between 1980 and 2009. The result shows that the increase in
fiscal deficit in Our country reduce current account surplus first, and expand the current
account surplus at longer time.
The empirical analysis of the fiscal policy’s impact on China's capital and financial
account focuses on analysis of the fiscal policy’s impact on FDI and Capital escape.
Finally we come to the conclusion that the fiscal policy is one of the important factors
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
IV
affecting the actual use of FDI and Captial escape in China. Other factors are still
affecting the FDI and Captial escape also.
Based on the above conclusions, the last part of this article further analyzes the
fiscal policy mechanism on the balance of payments. We should take measures to make
Rational use of budget deficit and proposed structure of fiscal expenditure to achieve
the balance of international payments.
Keywords: Fiscal policy; Balance of payments; Current account; Capital account;
Johansen co-integration test
摘要:

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要当今我国国际收支经常项目、资本项目已持续多年的双顺差。2003年以来,以美国为代表的我国主要贸易伙伴国强烈要求人民币升值,以减少我国对美国等国的贸易顺差,我国同一些贸易伙伴国的贸易摩擦越来越激烈。2005年7月,我国进行了人民币汇率改革,将原先单一钉住美元的汇率制度更改为参考一篮子货币的汇率制度,增加了人民币汇率制度的灵活性,允许人民币逐步缓慢升值。另外,在我国外汇储备连年攀升、国际资本流动性较小的情况下,货币政策似乎并不能有效调节国际收支。为此,本文①试图通过研究财政政策对国际收支的影响,分析是否可以将财政政策作为调节国际收支的政策工具。本文采用实证分析方法,分...

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作者:李佳 分类:高等教育资料 价格:150积分 属性:56 页 大小:433.55KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-09-20

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