基于复杂网络理论的在线口碑传播研究
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摘 要
近年来,众多领域的学者都致力于复杂网络的研究,研究表明现实世界中许
多的系统都可以用复杂网络来表示,网络节点为系统中元素,边为元素间的相互
作用和相互联系,如英特网、演员合作网、航空线路网、新陈代谢网络和流行病
传播网络等。口碑传播是处于人际关系的复杂网络中,通过人际关系网,人们将
关于产品或服务的口碑信息传递给周围的朋友。特别是随着网络信息时代的到来,
口碑信息在互联网上更容易被发布、复制和转载,这使得基于网络传播的在线口
碑可以以非常惊人的速度扩散到更广的范围。如今,网络的交互性及公开性等特
征使得在线口碑的作用日益显得重要,企业也开始运用口碑传播于产品宣传、推
广等营销活动中,并产生了有效的积极作用。然而,已有的对在线口碑的研究大
都停留在消费者行为与口碑传播的关系层面,从复杂网络理论着手分析和研究在
线口碑传播的形成机制和传播效应,这些研究并不充分。
本文从介绍复杂网络和口碑传播的基本理论入手,在深入研究加权网络的基
础上,结合经典疾病传播
SIR
模型,运用数学解析方法和计算机仿真方法,讨论了
在加权网络上口碑传播的过程。此外,分析和模拟了真实网络中口碑传播影响因
素,并针对网络参数调节提出了扩大口碑传播效应的方法。本文的研究内容可以
概括为以下三个方面:
第一,研究了可以真实地表征互联网特性的加权网络。通过分析加权网络中
网络更新系数、初始边权、网络规模和新节点所带边数等参数对网络关键指标产
生的影响以及各自对应互联网生成机制中的物理内涵,证明了加权网络的小世界
效应和无标度特性,反映了用加权网络描述互联网的可行性。
第二,提出了口碑在加权网络上的传播模型并模拟了其传播过程。加权网络
能真实全面地描述互联网,通过对加权网络上口碑传播的研究从理论上强化口碑
传播在互联网中的应用。结合
SIR
模型研究了加权网络上的口碑传播过程,模拟了
其传播机制;同时就模型参数对口碑传播过程的影响和意见领袖的寻找条件进行
了研究。
第三,建立了真实网络上的在线口碑动态演化模型。针对实际网络的特点,
研究影响在线口碑传播的模型因素,在掌握影响口传播效应的机制和前文研究基
础上,提出了调整网络参数实现扩大口碑传播效应的具体方法。
关键词:复杂网络 在线口碑 加权网络 在线口碑传播模型
ABSTRACT
In recent years, many scholars have devoted themselves to complex networks,
research shows that many systems in the real world can be discribed by complex
networks, such as the Internet, actor cooperation network, air-line network, metabolism
network and epidemic spreading networks. Nodes of networks stand for elements in the
systems, edges are the interaction or connectedness between elements. Word-of mouth
is spread in the complex network of interpersonal relationship, through this network,
people spread messages about products or services to their friends. Since the advent of
Internet era and information age, information on the Internet is much easier to be
released, reproduced and reprinted, which makes online word-of-mouth based on
Internet could be spread in a faster speed and to a broader scope. Nowadays, the features
of Internet, like interactivity and publicity, make online word-of-mouth play an
increasingly important role, and the enterprises start to use word-of-mouth spreading in
product propaganda and promotion in the marketing activity which have brought much
good effect. However, the most existing researches of online word-of-mouth remain at
the relationship level between consumer behavior and word-of-mouth spreading, these
studies is not sufficient about using complex network theory to analyze and study online
word-of-mouth speading of the forming mechanism and the spreading effect.
This paper first introduces the fundamental theories of complex network and
word-of mouth spreading, then discusses word-of-mouth spreading process on weighted
network by mathematical analytical method and the computer simulation method on the
basis deep research of weighted network, combined with the classical disease spreading
model SIR. In addition, this paper analyses and simulates the influencing factors of
word-of-mouth spreading on the real network, and proposes methods to expand
word-of-mouth spreading effect in view of the network parameters adjustment. In this
paper the research contents can be summarized in the following three aspects:
Firstly, weighted network that can truly express Internet characteristics is studied.
Through the analysis of the effect on the network key indicators, caused by update
coefficient, initial weight of edges, network scale and edges brought by each new node
in weighted network, small-world properties and scale-free characteristics of weighted
network are proved, which reflects the feasibility of describing the Internet with
weighted network.
Secondly, spreading model of word-of mouth in weighted network is put forward
and its spreading process is simulated. Weighted network is able to exactly and fully
describe the Internet, so study on word-of-mouth spreading in weighted network
theoretically strengthen the application of word-of-mouth spreading on Internet. This
paper studys word-of-mouth spreading process in weighted network and simulates its
spreading mechanism. The impact of model parameters on word-of-mouth effect and
the rules of searching opinion leaders are studied.
Thirdly, the dynamic evolution model of online word-of-mouth spreading is
established on the real network. According to the characteristics of the real network,
influence factors of online word-of-mouth spreading in the model is studied. With
knowledge of word-of-mouth spreading mechanism and earlier research of this paper,
specific ways to expand word-of-mouth spreading effects by adjustment of related
parameters are brought forward.
Key Word:complex networks, Online word-of-mouth, Weighted
network, Online WOM spreading model
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪 论 ....................................................... 1
§1.1 研究背景 ................................................... 1
§1.2 研究目的及意义 ............................................. 3
§1.3 研究现状和存在的问题 ....................................... 4
§1.3.1 口碑传播的研究综述 .................................... 4
§1.3.2 存在的问题 ............................................ 7
§1.4 研究内容与结构框架 ......................................... 8
§1.4.1 论文的主要内容 ........................................ 8
§1.4.2 论文的结构框架 ........................................ 9
§1.5 本章小结 ................................................... 9
第二章 相关理论基础 ................................................ 10
§2.1 复杂网络的基本理论 ........................................ 10
§2.1.1 复杂网络的特征量 ..................................... 10
§2.1.1.1 度分布 ......................................... 10
§2.1.1.2 聚类系数 ....................................... 11
§2.1.1.3 平均路径长度 ................................... 12
§2.1.2 基本网络模型 ......................................... 12
§2.2.2.1 规则网络 ....................................... 12
§2.2.2.2 随机图网络 ..................................... 13
§2.2.2.3 小世界网络模型 ................................. 13
§2.2.2.4 无标度网络模型 ................................. 14
§2.2 口碑传播的基本理论 ........................................ 15
§2.2.1 在线口碑的理论 ....................................... 15
§2.2.2 在线口碑的测量 ....................................... 16
§2.2.3 口碑传播的影响机制 ................................... 17
§2.2.3.1 口碑的传播机制 ................................. 17
§2.2.3.2 意见领袖的概念 ................................. 19
§2.2.3.3 二次传播的意义 ................................. 19
§2.3 本章小结 .................................................. 20
第三章 表征互联网特性的加权网络模型 ................................ 21
§3.1 互联网的特性 .............................................. 21
§3.2 加权网络的统计特征 ........................................ 21
§3.2.1 加权网络的统计量 ..................................... 22
§3.2.1.1 边权和边权分布 ................................. 22
§3.2.1.2 点权和点权分布 ................................. 22
§3.3 加权网络的演化机制 ........................................ 23
§3.4 加权网络的模拟 ............................................ 25
§3.4.1 网络度分布的模拟 ..................................... 25
§3.4.1.1 考察更新系数
................................. 25
§3.4.1.2 考察初始边权
0
w
.................................26
§3.4.2 网络聚类系数的模拟 ................................... 27
§3.4.2.1 考察更新系数
................................. 27
§3.4.2.2 考察初始边权
0
w
.................................28
§3.4.2.3 考察新节点所带边数
m
........................... 28
§3.4.2.4 考察网络规模
N
................................. 29
§3.5 本章小结 .................................................. 29
第四章 加权网络上口碑传播模型 ...................................... 31
§4.1 口碑传播模型 .............................................. 31
§4.1.1 经典传播模型——
SIR
模型 ............................. 31
§4.1.2 口碑传播模型的描述 ................................... 34
§4.2 口碑传播模型的模拟 ........................................ 35
§4.2.1 网络结构因素 ......................................... 35
§4.2.1.1 考察更新系数
................................. 35
§4.2.1.2 考察初始边权
0
w
.................................36
§4.2.1.3 考察新节点所带边数
m
........................... 37
§4.2.1.4 考察网络规模
N
................................. 38
§4.2.2 口碑传播因素 ......................................... 39
§4.2.2.1 意见领袖规模和结构 ............................. 39
§4.2.2.2 二次传播意愿 ................................... 41
§4.3 本章小结 .................................................. 41
第五章 在线口碑传播的实证研究 ...................................... 42
§5.1 模型的提出 ................................................ 42
§5.2 数值模拟和分析 ............................................ 42
§5.2.1 强度差异 ............................................. 42
§5.2.2 意见领袖分布 ......................................... 44
§5.3 扩大口碑传播效应的方法 .................................... 45
§5.3.1 寻找最佳意见领袖 ..................................... 45
§5.3.2 提高二次传播效率 ..................................... 45
§5.3.3 改善网民紧密关系 ..................................... 46
§5.3.4 开拓新的传播平台 ..................................... 46
§5.4 本章小结 .................................................. 47
第六章 总结与展望 .................................................. 48
参考文献 ............................................................ 50
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ...................... 54
致 谢 .............................................................. 55
摘要:
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摘要近年来,众多领域的学者都致力于复杂网络的研究,研究表明现实世界中许多的系统都可以用复杂网络来表示,网络节点为系统中元素,边为元素间的相互作用和相互联系,如英特网、演员合作网、航空线路网、新陈代谢网络和流行病传播网络等。口碑传播是处于人际关系的复杂网络中,通过人际关系网,人们将关于产品或服务的口碑信息传递给周围的朋友。特别是随着网络信息时代的到来,口碑信息在互联网上更容易被发布、复制和转载,这使得基于网络传播的在线口碑可以以非常惊人的速度扩散到更广的范围。如今,网络的交互性及公开性等特征使得在线口碑的作用日益显得重要,企业也开始运用口碑传播于产品宣传、推广等营销活动中,并产生了有效的积极作用...
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作者:陈辉
分类:高等教育资料
价格:15积分
属性:59 页
大小:1.09MB
格式:PDF
时间:2024-11-19