静电除尘用高频高压开关电源变换器的研究
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摘要
静电除尘器广泛应用于冶炼、电厂、水泥、采矿、造纸等行业,是环保行业
的重要设备,它对粉尘和废气的治理有非常显著的效果。使企业的排放达到环保
标准的同时实现了资源的回收和重利用,为企业节约了生产成本。高压电源是电
除尘器的核心部件,随着技术的发展和成熟以及新器件的广泛应用,高频高压开
关电源成为发展的趋势。本文对高频高压开关电源进行了研究并给出了主要研制
过程。
第一章首先介绍了电除尘器的结构和工作原理,并介绍了它的电特性,然后
介绍了几种常用电除尘电源的供电方式,并最终确定高频高压开关电源是今后的
发展方向,并提出了设计要求。
第二章介绍了几种开关电源功率变换方式,详细介绍了各种功率变换方式的
工作过程和工作原理,并做了仿真验证,最后通过比较确定采用 DCM2 方式的谐
振工作方式。
第三章分析和阐述了系统拓扑结构及工作原理,介绍了滤波电路的设计及参
数的选择,逆变电路的设计和 IGBT 的选择以及驱动电路的选取,变压器设计和整
流模块的选择。
第四章详细介绍了控制电路的硬件部分和软件部分。硬件部分主要包括温度
信号采集电路、信号调理电路设计、过流信号比较电路和信号闭锁保护电路的设
计。软件部分主要是 DSP 程序,介绍了程序的控制流程和中断等判断条件。为程
序的编写提供了编程思路。
第五章通过实验验证了前面提出的设计方案,给出了 LCC 谐振变换器在
DCM2 模式下的实验结果,经过验证证明能够完全满足设计的要求。实验结果很
理想。
关键词:静电除尘,全桥逆变,谐振变换,软开关,IGBT,DSP
Abstract
Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) is important equipment for environmental
protection industry and also widely used in smelting, power plants, cement, mining,
paper and other industries. It has a very significant effect on dust and exhaust gas
treatment. Corporate emissions to meet environmental standards, while at the same time
achieving the recycling and re-use of resources, saving production costs for enterprises.
High voltage power supply is the core component of the electrostatic precipitator. As the
development of technology and maturation widely used in devices, high frequency and
high voltage switching power supply has become a trend. This paper has studied the
high frequency and high voltage switching power supply and gives the major
development process.
The first chapter introduces the structure and working principle of the electrostatic
precipitator, and describes the electrical characteristics and then focus on the ways of
common power supply on electrostatic precipitator. Ultimately, determine the frequency
and high voltage switching power supply to be the future development direction and
proposed design requirements.
The second chapter describes several power conversion ways of switching power
supply. Described the working process and principle in detail of a variety of power
conversion, and does the simulation. Finally, determine to adopt the DCM2 mode
resonant work way through comparison.
The third Chapter is analysis and elaboration of the system topology and operating
principle. This chapter introduces the design of filter circuit and selection of parameters,
the design of the inverter circuit and selection of IGBT and drive circuit, and
transformer design and rectifier selection.
The fourth chapter introduces in detail the hardware and software components of
the control circuit. The hardware part is mainly consist of the temperature signal
acquisition circuit, design of signal conditioning circuit, over-current signal circuits and
signal lockout protection circuit. The software part is mainly about the DSP program.
This chapter introduces the judge conditions of the program's control flow and
interrupt,etc. Provide a guideline for the preparation of the program.
The fifth chapter verified the design proposal of foregoing paragraph through
experiment and given the experimental results of the LCC resonant converter in the
DCM2 mode. The experimental results proved to be fully meet the design requirements.
And the experimental result is satisfactory.
Key Word: ESP, Resonant Converter, Soft-switching,IGBT,DSP
目 录
摘要 ........................................................................................................................................................ 1
Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................7
第一章 绪论 .......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 引言 ......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 静电除尘器工作原理 .............................................................................................................1
1.3 静电除尘器的负载特性 .........................................................................................................2
1.4 静电除尘器用开关电源供电方式的选择 .............................................................................4
1.5 高频高压开关电源变换器的研究现状和发展趋势 ............................................................ 5
1.6 选题的意义 ............................................................................................................................. 6
第二章 开关电源功率变换方式分析 ..................................................................................................7
2.1 PWM 硬开关工作方式 ........................................................................................................... 7
2.2 移相控制方式 ........................................................................................................................10
2.3 变频控制 CCM 方式 ............................................................................................................ 11
2.4 变频控制 DCM 方式 ............................................................................................................21
2.5 CCM 模式和 DCM 模式的比较 ...........................................................................................29
2.6 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................ 30
第三章 高频高压开关电源主电路的设计 ........................................................................................31
3.1 直流滤波电路参数的设计 ...................................................................................................31
3.1.1 直流滤波电感的设计 ................................................................................................31
3.1.2 直流滤波电容的选取 ................................................................................................33
3.2 逆变电路的设计 ...................................................................................................................33
3.2.1 IGBT 的选择 ...............................................................................................................33
3.2.2 IGBT 驱动和保护电路的设计 .................................................................................. 33
3.3 高频高压变压器的设计 .......................................................................................................37
3.4 整流硅堆的选择 ...................................................................................................................38
3.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................................... 39
第四章 控制方案 ................................................................................................................................ 40
4.1 温度采集电路 .......................................................................................................................40
4.2 信号隔离和调理电路 ...........................................................................................................41
4.3 过流比较电路 .......................................................................................................................41
4.4 信号封锁保护电路 ...............................................................................................................41
4.5 控制流程 ............................................................................................................................... 42
4.6 主控板原理图 .......................................................................................................................43
4.7 本章小结 ............................................................................................................................... 43
第五章 实验结果 ................................................................................................................................ 44
5.1 实验波形 ............................................................................................................................... 44
5.2 电源效率分析 .......................................................................................................................45
5.3 本章小结 ............................................................................................................................... 46
第六章 总结与展望 ............................................................................................................................ 47
2
附录 ...................................................................................................................................................... 48
参考文献 .............................................................................................................................................. 49
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ................................................................. 51
致谢 ...................................................................................................................................................... 51
第一章 绪论
1
第一章 绪论
1.1 引言
随着工业的发展和人类生产规模的扩大,废物污染、噪音污染、化学污染、
空气污染、水污染同趋严重。粉尘是造成空气污染的主要污染物,据统计全世界
每年有总重量约6亿多吨的人为污染物排放到大气中,其中,粉尘占到1/5[1]。粉尘
的排放源主要有造纸业、煤炭、原油冶炼、采矿业等。工业粉尘的大量排放,使
贵重金属大量流失的同时还使空气受到污染[2,3]。
为了控制排放的颗粒物对大气的污染,需要采用各种除尘装置来控制它,静
电除尘器依其独特的优势被广泛应用。它具有除尘效率高,能耗小,阻力损失小,
运行费用低,及处理烟气量大等优点,还可用来回收有用材料。因此,静电除尘
器的研究得到了越来越多的重视。
1.2 静电除尘器工作原理
静电除尘器是利用强电场使气体发生电离,气体中的粉尘荷电,在电场力的
作用下,使气体中的悬浮粒子分离出来的装置。
静电除尘器的主体结构是由集尘极板、阴极线和壳体组成(如图 1-1 所示)。
相邻两层集尘极板的间距为 400mm,阴极线置于相邻集尘极板的中间;阴极线以
直径为 20mm 的圆管作支撑,两侧伸出交叉的芒刺(如图 1-2 所示)。芒刺的表面
曲率非常大,有利于捕集高浓度的微小尘粒和减少电晕闭塞。静电除尘器的集尘
极板接高压直流电源正极并接地,阴极线接高压直流电源负极。
图
1 1
静电除尘器主体结构 图
1 2
阴极线
静电除尘过程分四个步骤:(1)气体电离;(2)悬浮粒子荷电;(3)带电粒
子的迁移和沉降;(4)粒子的收集和清除。
摘要:
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摘要静电除尘器广泛应用于冶炼、电厂、水泥、采矿、造纸等行业,是环保行业的重要设备,它对粉尘和废气的治理有非常显著的效果。使企业的排放达到环保标准的同时实现了资源的回收和重利用,为企业节约了生产成本。高压电源是电除尘器的核心部件,随着技术的发展和成熟以及新器件的广泛应用,高频高压开关电源成为发展的趋势。本文对高频高压开关电源进行了研究并给出了主要研制过程。第一章首先介绍了电除尘器的结构和工作原理,并介绍了它的电特性,然后介绍了几种常用电除尘电源的供电方式,并最终确定高频高压开关电源是今后的发展方向,并提出了设计要求。第二章介绍了几种开关电源功率变换方式,详细介绍了各种功率变换方式的工作过程和工作...
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作者:牛悦
分类:高等教育资料
价格:15积分
属性:55 页
大小:4.65MB
格式:PDF
时间:2024-11-19