基于双边市场视角银行卡产业发展问题实证研究
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VI
摘 要
国际经验及我国银行卡产业发展的实践证明;发展银行卡产业是一项利国利
民的工程,银行卡产业的发展在给相关领域带来巨大经济效益的同时,也带来不
可估量的社会效益;尤其在应对全球金融危机背景下,发展银行卡产业对有效引
导和刺激消费,进一步推动我国国内生产总值增长有重要的现实意义。而银行卡
产业具有显著而复杂的网络性以及消费者、商户、收单行、发卡行、银行卡组织
五方参与主体的多层次性,所以想一次性解决所有发展问题变的不切实际,而且
很多问题在国内外学术界上也存在争议,本文试图从银行卡组织网络平台的发展
模式为切入点,实证分析银行卡产业的发展瓶颈。
本文的研究思路:一是通过建立网络平台发展模式模型,联系典型国家成功
的案例,试图为理论模型提供现实的借鉴意义和宝贵经验,二是用我们国家的银
行卡产业的实际数据来检验我国银行卡双边市场特征和网络外部性等情况,同时
选取以考察我国银行卡产业的实际发展运行情况,三是为我国银行卡产业的政策
制定者提供理论依据和政策建议。
主要结论包括一是目前我国银行卡产业无论在发卡市场还是在收单市场,在
发展不平衡,并且整体而言我国发持卡人和商户之间的双边市场特性关系不明显,
而当上海银行卡产业为案例研究对象时,结果证明上海银行卡产业双边市场特征
关系明显。结果表明和局域经济发展、产业集群效应、相关行业发展等联系紧密。
二是指出目前保持中国银联在国内支付组织中的垄断地位和民主品牌,学习日本
单网络平台模式,并大力发展海外网络建设,当我国银行卡产业发展到一定水平
后可适当发展多网络平台模式。最后对我国银行卡产业的发展提供建议。
论文的主要内容包括论文的框架:第一章导论;第二章对银行卡产业的基本
特征及定价策略给出了简要分析;第三章是我国银行卡产业双边市场特征分析,
首先介绍我国银行卡产业的发展历程及发卡市场和收单市场现状,并对银行卡产
业进行实证研究,分别对我国银行卡产业的市场结构和我国银行卡产业双边市场
检验,明确发持卡人和商户之间的双边市场特性关系;最后对上海银行卡产业双
边市场特征下发展问题进行实证研究。第四章是银行卡产业国际发展模式比较研
究,通过检验现有理论模型的解释力度,找出具有可借鉴价值的经验与启示。第
五章促进我国银行卡产业发展模式及行为主体提出的政策与建议。最后,第六章
总结与展望,进行全文总结与展望。
关键词:银行卡产业特征 双边市场 格兰杰检验 平台模式
VII
ABSTRACT
International experience and the development of China's banking card industry
has proved; the development of bank card industry is a project benefits the country and
the bank card industry's development in related fields to bring enormous economic
benefits, while also brought immeasurable social effectiveness; especially in response
to the context of the global financial crisis, developing effective bank card industry to
guide and stimulate consumption, and further promote China's GDP growth has
important practical significance. The bank card industry, has significant and complex
nature of the network, as well as consumers, merchants, acquirer, issuer, bank card
organizations, five parties involved in the multilevel nature of the subject, so would
like to solve all development problems once become unrealistic, but a lot of problems
on the academic circles at home and abroad there are also controversial, this paper
attempts from the bank card association network platform development model as an
entry point, empirical analysis of bank card industry development bottleneck.
This study ideas: First, by establishing a network platform development mode
model, the associated countries have succeeded in a typical case of an attempt to draw
on theoretical models to provide meaningful and valuable practical experience, is to
use our country's bank card industry, the actual data to test our Bank Card bilateral
market characteristics and network externalities, etc., while selected to explore China's
banking card industry, the actual development of operation, three for China's banking
card industry, and provide a theoretical basis for policy-makers and policy
recommendations.
The main conclusions include the First, the current China's banking card industry
in both card-issuing market, or in the acquiring market, where development is uneven,
and the whole of China made between cardholders and merchants of bilateral relations
between market characteristics is not obvious, and when the Shanghai bank card
industry as a case study, the results show that Bank of Shanghai Bank of Shanghai
Card Industry features of the bilateral relations have obviously the market. The results
show that and the local economic development, industrial clustering effect, closely
linked to development of related industries. The second is that the current CUP to keep
the organization in the country to pay the monopoly and the democratic brand, learning
Japanese single network platform model, and to develop overseas network construction,
while China's banking card industry developed to a certain level may be appropriate to
VIII
develop a multi-mode network platform . Finally, the development of China's banking
card industry to make suggestions.
Paper mainly covers the framework of the paper: Chapter Introduction; second
chapter of the bank card industry, the basic features and gives a brief analysis of
pricing strategies; third chapter of China's banking card industry, characteristics of the
bilateral market analysis, first introduced China's banking card industry in the
development process and the card-issuing market and acquiring market situation,and
bankcard industry,emprical studies,respectively,China’s banking card industry,the
bilateral market testing,clearly made between cardholders and merchants market
characteristics of bilateral relations;Finally, the Shanghai bank card industry, developed
under the bilateral market characteristics of the issue of empirical research. Chapter IV
is the bank card industry, comparative study of international development models, by
testing the existing theoretical models to explain efforts to identify with can learn the
value of experience and enlightenment. Chapter V summarizes; on China's banking
card industry models and actors in the development of policies and proposals put
forward.
Keywords: Bankcard Industry,Two-sided Market,Granger Test,
Development Mode
IX
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 导 论.................................................................................................................1
§1.1 研究背景和目的..............................................................................................1
§1.2 国内外相关研究进展......................................................................................2
§1.2.1 双边市场理论的研究进展.....................................................................2
§1.2.2 银行卡产业理论研究进展.....................................................................4
§1.3 创新之处..........................................................................................................6
§1.4 研究思路..........................................................................................................7
§1.5 研究框架..........................................................................................................8
第二章 银行卡产业基本特征及定价策略.....................................................................9
§2.1 银行卡产业基本特征......................................................................................9
§2.2 银行卡产业定价策略模型............................................................................12
§2.2.1 单网络平台定价策略模型...................................................................12
§2.2.2 多网络支付平台下定价策略模型.......................................................14
第三章 我国银行卡产业双边市场特征实证分析.......................................................19
§3.1 我国银行卡产业的发展历程........................................................................19
§3.2 我国银行卡产业的现状................................................................................21
§3.2.1 发卡市场...............................................................................................21
§3.2.2 收单市场...............................................................................................23
§3.3 我国银行卡产业的实证研究........................................................................24
§3.3.1 我国银行卡市场结构分析...................................................................24
§3.3.2 我国银行卡产业双边市场检验...........................................................27
§3.4 案例研究:上海银行卡产业双边市场特征实证研究 .................................. 33
第四章 银行卡产业国际发展模式比较研究...............................................................39
§4.1 国际银行卡产业发展现状............................................................................39
§4.2 美国——多网络竞争平台模式....................................................................41
§4.2.1 美国银行卡产业现状...........................................................................41
§4.2.2 多网络平台竞争的理论假设和结论...................................................45
§4.2.3 对比分析美国银行卡产业实际发展与理论研究拟合度....................47
§4.3 日本——单网络平台模式............................................................................48
X
§4.3.1 日本银行卡产业发展现状...................................................................48
§4.3.2 单网络平台模式理论研究和结论.......................................................52
第五章 促进我国银行卡产业发展的政策与建议.......................................................57
§5.1 适合当前我国银行卡产业发展的模式........................................................57
§5.2 完善发卡市场,尤其加大收单市场的建设................................................58
§5.3 完善网络支付平台........................................................................................61
§5.4 完善手续费定价与分配机制........................................................................61
§5.5 加强政府政策制定和调控............................................................................62
第六章 总结与展望.......................................................................................................65
§6.1 研究总结........................................................................................................65
§6.2 研究展望........................................................................................................66
附表 1、中国银联对商户的收费方法..........................................................................67
附表 2、2000~2008 中国特约商户数量和 POS 机数量 ........................................... 68
附表 3、Visa 公司部分交换费 ..................................................................................... 69
附表 4、MasterCard 公司部分交换费 .........................................................................70
参考文献.........................................................................................................................71
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果.............................................74
致 谢.............................................................................................................................75
第一章 导 论
1
第一章 导 论
§1.1 研究背景和目的
随着中国银行卡产业在国内25年的蓬勃发展,银行卡已经日益深入到中国经
济社会发展的各个方面。作为除现金外第二大支付结算工具,由于给消费者和商
户提供了其他支付工具所不能代替的便利,银行卡供不应求;银行卡业务成为人
民群众日常生活中不可或缺的服务,正成为新的经济增长点的新兴产业。国际经
验及我国银行卡产业发展的实践证明;发展银行卡产业是一项利国利民的工程,
银行卡产业的发展在给相关领域带来巨大经济效益的同时,也带来不可估量的社
会效益;尤其在应对全球金融危机背景下,发展银行卡产业对有效引导和刺激消
费,进一步推动我国国内生产总值增长有重要的现实意义。
截止到2008年底,我国银行卡发行量已经突破18亿张,境内银行卡联网商户
达到118万户、联网POS机达185万台、联网ATM机近17万台,分别是银联成立前2001
年的4.7倍、7.8倍、8.4倍和4.5倍①。并且随着手机支付、互联网支付等各类新型银
行卡支付方式开始推广使用,中国由此进入银行卡普及发展的新时代。
对具有典型的双边市场特征的银行卡产业,中国银行卡产业在取得快速发展
的同时,也面临一些问题和挑战。
首先,银行卡网络组织发展模式问题,一种是多网络平台竞争模式,如美国,
欧洲等世界上大多数国家的情况,在这些国家中存在多个银行卡网络平台竞争,
另一种是单银行卡组织网络平台,如中国,日本等少数国家,这些国家的银行卡
交易都是通过一个垄断的网络平台实现的。
其次,定价问题,银联模式下持卡人刷卡免费,而银行卡平台对商家收费,
这就影响了商家接受平台刷卡消费的积极性,还存在对商家折扣率太高的问题,
另一方面也存在银联队交换费的制定太过粗略,没有实行差别定价策略。
最后,商业银行之间的互联互通问题,在银行卡联网联合进程中,由于互联
互通“解决了政府主管部门、成员机构的广泛认可,但是随着商业银行对收单业
务的日益重视,直联模式逐渐受到间接模式的冲击,进一步激发了银行对直联与
间联模式的争议。
鉴于银行卡产业具有显著而复杂的网络性以及消费者、商户、收单行、发卡
①人民网:http://finance.people.com.cn/GB/8215/130690/8714250.html
摘要:
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VI摘要国际经验及我国银行卡产业发展的实践证明;发展银行卡产业是一项利国利民的工程,银行卡产业的发展在给相关领域带来巨大经济效益的同时,也带来不可估量的社会效益;尤其在应对全球金融危机背景下,发展银行卡产业对有效引导和刺激消费,进一步推动我国国内生产总值增长有重要的现实意义。而银行卡产业具有显著而复杂的网络性以及消费者、商户、收单行、发卡行、银行卡组织五方参与主体的多层次性,所以想一次性解决所有发展问题变的不切实际,而且很多问题在国内外学术界上也存在争议,本文试图从银行卡组织网络平台的发展模式为切入点,实证分析银行卡产业的发展瓶颈。本文的研究思路:一是通过建立网络平台发展模式模型,联系典型国家...
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作者:牛悦
分类:高等教育资料
价格:15积分
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时间:2024-11-19