复杂结构施工力学分析与风险控制

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3.0 牛悦 2024-11-19 4 4 3.01MB 77 页 15积分
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摘 要
随着我国经济实力和计算手段的不断进步,建筑外形越来越新颖,结构形式
越来越不规则,这些结构在施工过程中体现出诸多力学问题,其实施是一个充满
风险的过程,给保障施工安全带来不确定因素。常规风险管理方法对风险事件进
行识别、评价、处置时,主要基于定性分析与经验判断。凭借经验施工带有一定
的盲目性,甚至会在施工过程中出现风险状况,危及结构安全。
本文系统总结归纳了风险管理技术,介绍了工程风险管理的思想、步骤、特
点和目标,阐述了工程施工风险管理中风险识别、风险评价和风险处置三个控制
环节的方法和手段。
通过研究施工过程常规风险管理模式,发现仅依靠健全管理制度、凭借工程
经验采用定性分析手段已无法满足复杂结构施工的风险管理要求。本文结合计算
机仿真技术在建筑工程中的应用成果,提出了一种基于施工全过程动态控制的新
型施工技术风险管理模型。
在绍兴世贸中心钢连廊整体提升工程风险研究中,根据专家论证,确定了该
工程施工过程的主要风险因素,进而将提升过程中吊点提升不同步列为施工风险
的关键控制因素。本文通过计算机仿真模拟提升过程,对该风险进行了识别、评
价。以容许结构截面应力为控制原则,得到了吊点相对位移差的警戒限值,提出
了适时调整吊点行程差的风险处置方案。
在上海某超高层建筑塔楼施工技术风险研究中,结合类似工程经验和现场实
际情况,将材料时变特性对结构竖向变形的影响确定为施工过程关键风险控制因
素。本文通过计算机仿真模拟施工过程,针对不同施工速率对结构竖向变形进行
了分析,计算表明施工速率对结构竖向变形影响甚微。为此,按照 5/层施工速
率的施工进度方案,对巨型柱、核心筒竖向变形,以及两者之间的变形差进行了
分析,确定了符合实际施工情况的构件预抛高值。通过事先控制,规避了施工风
险,达到了预期设计要求。
通过具体工程的验证,认为复杂结构施工过程中采用计算机仿真技术模拟施
工过程,为风险管理适时提供定量指标数据,并依此进行风险识别、评价、处置
能够有效事先规避施工风险。
关键词:风险管理 计算机仿真技术 整体提升 超高层建筑 控制
ABSTRACT
With the increasingly development of design technology the buildings sharp
become more and more noveltyas well as more asymmetric structure systems. In our
country the widely population of appearance of huge and complex buildings make
plenty of mechanical difficulties during construction period. Full of risk procedures that
bring the concerned factors into the construction. Identification, evaluation and
disposition of risk cases are based on traditional qualitative and experimental analysis.
Construction experimentally may cause risk, even damage the structure.
This paper concludes the traditional risk manage models systematically,
introducing the ideas, steps, characteristics and aims of risk management, and
explaining the methods of risk identification, evaluation and disposition.
On studying traditional risk management methods, the qualitative analysis by
perfecting manage system and experience cannot satisfy the construction requirement of
the complex structures. This paper combining the achievements of computer simulation
technology in building structures into risk management, provides a new risk
management model for procedures and dynamic management.
On studying integral hoisting risk of steel truss of Shaoxing world trade center, the
unsynchronized lifting is key point of risk after experts discussed. This paper simulates
the process of hoisting provides data for risk identification, evaluation, and gain the
critical limit data based on the principal of controlling the section allowed stress,
subsequently, proposing the disposition plan by adopting the hoisting points different
displacement appropriately.
On studying construction risk of a super high-rise building in Shanghai, the vertical
deformation between steel-concrete mega frame column and core-wall caused by
concrete time-dependent property are key point of risk control according to experience
and site situation. Simulating the whole construction process by computer aided
technology, the results verify that construction velocity makes little influence on
vertical deformation. Therefore, enact 5 days per story plan, by simulating construction
process, provides data support for identification and evaluation of vertical deformation
risk, and suggesting disposition plan to ensure the project safety.
Verified by the samples, it demonstrates that using computer aided technology
simulates the construction process of complex structure can provide quantitative
analysis data for identification, evaluation and disposition of risk management.
Key words: Risk management; Computer simulation technology;
Super high-rise building; Integral lifting; Control
-I-
目 录
第一章 绪 论 .........................................................................................................1
§1.1 研究背景 ......................................................................................................... 1
§1.2 风险管理技术在国内外的发展现状 ............................................................. 3
§1.2.1 风险管理的国际发展及现状 .............................................................. 3
§1.2.2 风险管理在国内的发展及问题的提出 .............................................. 6
§1.3 本文主要研究内容 .......................................................................................7
第二章 风险管理技术 .....................................................................................................9
§2.1 风险的概念 ..................................................................................................... 9
§2.2 风险管理 .....................................................................................................10
§2.2.1 概述 .................................................................................................... 10
§2.2.2 工程风险管理的步骤和特点 ............................................................ 11
§2.2.3 动态风险管理的思想 ........................................................................ 12
§2.2.4 风险管理的目标 ................................................................................ 13
§2.2.5 风险管理的程序 ................................................................................ 13
§2.3 工程风险识别 ............................................................................................... 15
§2.3.1 工程风险识别目的 ............................................................................ 15
§2.3.2 工程风险识别过程 ............................................................................ 16
§2.3.3 工程风险识别方法 ............................................................................ 17
§2.4 工程风险评价 ............................................................................................... 20
§2.4.1 工程风险评价目的及意义 ................................................................ 20
§2.4.2 工程风险评价方法 ............................................................................ 21
§2.5 风险处置 ....................................................................................................... 22
§2.5.1 风险回避 ............................................................................................ 23
§2.5.2 风险损失控制 .................................................................................... 23
§2.5.4 风险转移 ............................................................................................ 25
§2.5.5 风险分散 ............................................................................................ 26
§2.6 本章小结 ....................................................................................................... 26
第三章 复杂结构施工技术风险管理模式研究 ...........................................................27
§3.1 复杂结构施工风险管理 ............................................................................... 27
§3.1.1 工程施工风险管理内容 ..................................................................... 27
-II -
§3.1.2 工程风险管理的一般环节 ................................................................ 29
§3.1.3 工程施工风险管理的主要矛盾 ........................................................ 30
§3.2 计算机辅助技术在工程中的应用 ................................................................ 30
§3.3 引入计算机辅助技术的新型施工技术风险管理模式 ................................ 31
§3.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................................... 34
第四章 绍兴世贸中心钢连廊整体提升技术风险研究 .............................................35
§4.1 工程概况 ....................................................................................................... 35
§4.2 定性识别施工风险 ....................................................................................... 35
§4.2.1 钢连廊安装方案 ................................................................................ 35
§4.2.2 提升过程风险识别 ............................................................................ 36
§4.3 整体提升技术风险研究 ............................................................................... 38
§4.3.1 研究内容 ............................................................................................ 38
§4.3.2 计算假定 ............................................................................................ 38
§4.3.3 不同工况下结构内力计算 ................................................................. 38
§4.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................................... 40
第五章 上海某超高层塔楼施工技术风险研究 ...........................................................41
§5.1 工程概况 ....................................................................................................... 41
§5.2 施工过程中力学问题的定性风险识别 ....................................................... 41
§5.3 混凝土材料的时变特性 ............................................................................... 41
§5.3.1 混凝土的变形 .................................................................................... 41
§5.3.2 混凝土的龄期 .................................................................................... 42
§5.3.3 混凝土的收缩 .................................................................................... 43
§5.3.4 混凝土的徐变 .................................................................................... 45
§5.4 施工阶段对建筑物的影响 ........................................................................... 47
§5.4.1 概述 .................................................................................................... 47
§5.4.2 施工阶段影响的原因 ........................................................................ 47
§5.5 超高层建筑施工技术风险研究 ................................................................... 51
§5.5.1 研究内容 ............................................................................................ 51
§5.5.2 计算假定 ............................................................................................ 52
§5.5.3 计算参数 ............................................................................................ 52
§5.5.4 不同分析方法的结构竖向变形研究 ................................................ 55
§5.5.5 不同施工速率下,结构竖向变形研究 ............................................ 56
§5.5.6 施工速率 5/层情况下,结构竖向变形研究 ................................58
-III -
§5.6 竖向变形调整方法 ........................................................................................ 63
§5.6.1 施工平差 ............................................................................................ 63
§5.6.2 施工预抛高 ........................................................................................ 63
§5.7 超高层建筑施工过程风险管理过程 ........................................................... 64
§5.8 本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 65
第六章 结论与展望 .......................................................................................................67
§6.1 结论 ............................................................................................................... 67
§6.2 展望 ............................................................................................................... 68
参考文献 .........................................................................................................................69
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 .............................................72
......................................................................................................................73
摘要:

摘要随着我国经济实力和计算手段的不断进步,建筑外形越来越新颖,结构形式越来越不规则,这些结构在施工过程中体现出诸多力学问题,其实施是一个充满风险的过程,给保障施工安全带来不确定因素。常规风险管理方法对风险事件进行识别、评价、处置时,主要基于定性分析与经验判断。凭借经验施工带有一定的盲目性,甚至会在施工过程中出现风险状况,危及结构安全。本文系统总结归纳了风险管理技术,介绍了工程风险管理的思想、步骤、特点和目标,阐述了工程施工风险管理中风险识别、风险评价和风险处置三个控制环节的方法和手段。通过研究施工过程常规风险管理模式,发现仅依靠健全管理制度、凭借工程经验采用定性分析手段已无法满足复杂结构施工的...

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作者:牛悦 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:77 页 大小:3.01MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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