科技型中小企业技术创新基金项目评审指标体系及项目评审方法研究

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摘 要
据国家科技型中小企业技术创新基金管理中心调查,科技型中小企业技术创
新基金(以下简称创新基金)常常是科技型中小企业获得的第一笔国家政府资助
资金。1999 年创建以来,创新基金对我国中小企业的技术创新发挥着越来越重
要的作用。创新基金的资助不仅可以降低公司所申报项目产业化资金风险,同时,
一旦项目立项还能增强科技型中小公司对项目产业化的信心。因此,越来越多企
业加入到申报创新基金的队伍当中。
然而,由于政府每年创新基金资金规模及立项数量的限制,政府每年的创新
基金在日益增长的申请项目面前,就显得严重的供不应求。因此,提高创新基金
使用效率、更大地发挥创新基金对我国技术创新的引领作用,就成为了创新基金
管理部门面临的一个新挑战。本研究就是针对这个挑战所提出来的,目标在于建
立一套较为公平公正的创新基金评审体系,同时提高项目评审的效率,使创新基
金管理部门每年资助的企业创新项目质量更为优秀、对企业的成长更为有效,更
好的把创新基金落到实处。
本文首先系统的总结了科技型中小企业技术创新基金创立 11 年来对我国科
技型中小企业技术创新所起的作用、所创造的经济与社会效益,并在简要介绍创
新基金运作机制基础上,探讨了其目前项目评审中存在的一些问题。
其次,以风险投资项目评审指标及现行创新基金评审指标体系为基础,分析
现行体系所存在的不足及项目失败因素,以频度统计法为研究方法,借鉴平衡计
分卡原理,建立了一套基于专家咨询的项目评审指标体系,并设计专家打分表。
第三,BP 神经网络为工具,为重新设计的指标体系中的各指标确定权重,
以该种方法确定权重,可加强项目评审的客观性,减少主观性,同时可提高评审
效率。将得到的权重乘于各指标的得分,进而得到基于 BP 神经网络的项目评审
模型。
最后,通过两家企业的实证分析,验证了本文所建立的评审模型的可行性和
有效性。
本文所建立的项目评审模型可提高项目评审的效率,减少专家的主观性,提
高项目评审的客观性、择优性。如果得以实施的话,将更大发挥创新基金对科技
型中小企业支持作用,更有力的支持科技型中小企业技术创新活动,具有一定的
实用价值。
关键词:创新基金 项目评审 指标体系 BP 神经网络 实证分析
ABSTRACT
According to the national small and mid-sized enterprise technology innovation
fund management center survey, small and mid-sized enterprise technology innovation
fund (hereinafter referred to as the innovation fund) is often technology-based smes get
first national government fund, innovation fund for small and medium-sized enterprise
technology innovation plays a more and more important role in the last 11 years.
innovation fund funding can not only reduce the company project industrialization
fund risk, and at the same time, once the project is confirmed, small and mid-sized
companies would boost confidence to the projects industrialization. Therefore, more
and more enterprises to join in the aplication of innovation fund queue.
However, due to the government annually innovation fund scale and
commencement of limits, the government’s annual innovation fund facing the growing
applying projects, appear serious behind the requirement problem. So, reducing the
industrialization project failure, raising innovation fund use efficiency, greater play
innovation fund for technological innovation in our country, become a new challenge
for the innovation fund management department. This study is brought out to aimed at
this challenge, which aims to establish a set of relatively fair and impartial innovation
fund, meanwhile improving the evaluation efficiency of the project evaluation system,
to make the innovation fund management department annual subsidy more outstanding
enterprise innovation project, more effectively to the growth of firm, the better put
innovation fund to practically.
This paper firstly summarized the small and mid-sized enterprise technology
innovation fund playing the role to small and mid-sized enterprise technology
innovation the role, and creating the economic and social benefits to our country in the
last 11 years. Based on briefly introduces innovation fund operation mechanism,
discusses its current project review existing problem.
Secondly, according to the venture investment project evaluation index and the
evaluation index system of innovation fund for the foundation, by analyzing the
existing system’s the deficiencies and project failure factors, with frequency statistics
for research method, referencing the balanced scorecard principle, a set of based on
expert consultation project evaluation index system is established, and expert dozen
current is designed.
Third, with BP neural network for the tool, determining the weight of each index
for the redesign index system, this method to determine the weight, can strengthen
project review of objectivity, reduce subjective, improve review efficiency. The weight
of each index take in corresponding scores by in, based on the BP neural network
project evaluation model is set up.
Finally, through the two enterprises empirical analysis, verifies the feasibility and
effectiveness of the evaluation models.
Project evaluation model set up in the paper can improve the project appraisal
efficiency, reduce subjective, improve the objectivity of expert evaluation and the
selection optimizing. If the model be implemented by the government, innovation fund
will play more support role for small and mid-sized enterprise, more powerful support
small and mid-sized enterprise technology innovation activities, and has certain
practical values.
Keywords: innovation fund, project evaluation, index system, BP
neural network, empirical analysis
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................................. 1
§1.1 问题的提出....................................................................................................... 1
§1.2 文献综述........................................................................................................... 1
§1.3 研究方法........................................................................................................... 3
§1.4 研究的目的、意义........................................................................................... 3
§1.5 可能的创新点................................................................................................... 3
§1.6 论文的体系结构............................................................................................... 4
第二章 科技型中小企业技术创新基金项目评审概况 .............................................. 5
§2.1 我国科技型中小企业的界定........................................................................... 5
§2.2 国外科技型中小企业界定............................................................................... 6
§2.3 我国创新基金概论........................................................................................... 6
§2.3.1 创新基金简介 ............................................................................................. 6
§2.3.2 创新基金的资助方式 ................................................................................. 7
§2.3.3 科技型中小企业技术创新基金机构的部门设置及各自职能 ................. 7
§2.3.4 现行创新基金项目分类与评价指标介绍 ................................................. 8
§2.3.5 国家创新基金创立以来取得的成绩 ......................................................... 9
§2.4 国内外科技补贴基金管理与评审方法研究................................................. 10
§2.4.1 我国创新基金管理与评审方法............................................................11
§2.4.2 国外科技补贴基金管理与评审方法................................................... 12
§2.5 本章总结......................................................................................................... 13
第三章 创新基金与风险投资 .................................................................................... 14
§3.1 风险投资的定义............................................................................................. 14
§3.2 风险投资在我国的发展................................................................................. 14
§3.3 风险投资运作与创新基金运作对比分析..................................................... 15
§3.3.1 投资特点对比分析 ................................................................................... 15
§3.3.1.1 风险投资的特点................................................................................ 15
§3.3.1.2 创新基金投资的特点........................................................................ 16
§3.4 风险投资项目评估指标体系......................................................................... 16
§3.5 本章小结......................................................................................................... 17
第四章 创新基金项目评审指标体系改进设计的研究 ............................................ 19
§4.1 前言................................................................................................................. 19
§4.2 现行评审指标体系的分析与改进思路......................................................... 19
§4.2.1 现行评审指标体系的分析 ....................................................................... 19
§4.2.2 现行评审指标体系的改进思路 ............................................................... 22
§4.3 研究的内容和方法......................................................................................... 23
§4.4 指标体系设计思路......................................................................................... 23
§4.5 项目评审指标体系设计的基本原则............................................................. 24
§4.6 评审指标体系改进方法及路径..................................................................... 24
§4.7 创新基金项目评审指标体系具体设计......................................................... 25
§4.7.1 指标体系的建立 ....................................................................................... 25
§4.7.2 基于平衡计分卡法项目评审指标体系框架构建 ................................... 26
§4.7.3 二三级指标模块的设计 ........................................................................... 26
§4.7.3.1 基于我国高科技企业特点分析的指标设计.................................... 26
§4.7.3.2 基于创新基金立项项目失败因素分析的指标设计........................ 27
§4.7.3.3 基于频度统计分析的指标设计......................................................... 28
§4.7.3.3.1 指标的选取.............................................................................. 30
§4.7.4 基于专家咨询法项目评审指标体系的最终构建 ................................... 31
§4.7.5 成长期项目评审指标体系的改进设计 ................................................... 31
§4.7.5.1 各指标的设计原理............................................................................ 32
§4.7.6 初创期项目评审指标体系的改进设计 ................................................... 37
§4.7.6.1 初创期项目各指标设计原理............................................................ 38
§4.7.7 专家打分表 ............................................................................................... 39
§4.8 本章总结......................................................................................................... 41
§4.8.1 新指标体系特点总结 ............................................................................... 41
§4.8.2 指标体系展望 ........................................................................................... 41
第五章 基于 BP 神经网络的创新基金项目评审模型构建 ......................................42
§5.1 前言................................................................................................................. 42
§5.2 权重确定工具的研究..................................................................................... 42
§5.2.1 社会指标的法 ........................................................................................... 42
§5.2.2 层次分析法(AHP............................................................................... 42
§5.2.2.1 层次分析法优点................................................................................ 43
§5.2.2.2 层次分析法缺点................................................................................ 43
§5.2.3 人工神经网络 ........................................................................................... 45
§5.2.3.1 人工神经网络介绍............................................................................ 45
§5.2.3.2 人工神经网络优越性........................................................................ 46
§5.3 基于 BP 神经网络的项目评审模型的构建流程...........................................47
§5.3.1 成长期项目的 BP 神经网络训练 ............................................................ 49
§5.3.2 初创项目评审 BP 神经网络训练 ............................................................ 51
§5.4 项目评审模型分析......................................................................................... 52
§5.5 本章总结......................................................................................................... 53
第六章 实证分析 ........................................................................................................ 54
§6.1 前言................................................................................................................. 54
§6.2 影视三维数字替身系统项目实证分析......................................................... 54
§6.2.1 上海天地软件园数码科技有限公司简介 ............................................... 54
§6.2.2 项目概要 ................................................................................................... 54
§6.2.3 BP 神经网络项目评审打分 ................................................................... 55
§6.2.4 创新基金立项对公司的影响 ................................................................... 55
§6.2.4.1 公司所取得的突出业绩.................................................................... 55
§6.2.4.2 成长逻辑............................................................................................ 56
§6.2.4.3 创新基金对公司发展作用及企业未来发展构想............................ 58
§6.3 内置国家加密算法研核单芯片电子密钥系统项目实证分析..................... 59
§6.3.1 公司简介 ................................................................................................... 59
§6.3.2 项目概要 ................................................................................................... 59
§6.3.3 BP 神经网络项目打分 ........................................................................... 59
§6.3.4 项目实施前后企业的成长变化情况 ....................................................... 60
§6.3.5 创新基金对公司发展作用 ....................................................................... 61
§6.4 本章总结......................................................................................................... 61
第七章 本文总结 ........................................................................................................ 62
§7.1 本文所取得的成果......................................................................................... 62
§7.2 存在的问题及进一步研究的方向................................................................. 62
参考文献 ...................................................................................................................... 63
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 .......................................... 66
致谢 .............................................................................................................................. 67
附录 .............................................................................................................................. 68
摘要:

摘要据国家科技型中小企业技术创新基金管理中心调查,科技型中小企业技术创新基金(以下简称创新基金)常常是科技型中小企业获得的第一笔国家政府资助资金。自1999年创建以来,创新基金对我国中小企业的技术创新发挥着越来越重要的作用。创新基金的资助不仅可以降低公司所申报项目产业化资金风险,同时,一旦项目立项还能增强科技型中小公司对项目产业化的信心。因此,越来越多企业加入到申报创新基金的队伍当中。然而,由于政府每年创新基金资金规模及立项数量的限制,政府每年的创新基金在日益增长的申请项目面前,就显得严重的供不应求。因此,提高创新基金使用效率、更大地发挥创新基金对我国技术创新的引领作用,就成为了创新基金管理部...

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作者:牛悦 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:79 页 大小:1.73MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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