电子节气门控制系统设计与仿真

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3.0 牛悦 2024-11-19 4 4 2.58MB 71 页 15积分
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摘要
当前,ETC 技术已成为先进车辆控制与安全系统的关键技术之一,实现 ETC 系
统的自主开发,对于推进我国汽车节能减排和自主品牌建设具有重要的意义。本
文主要针对电子节气门的控制仿真问题进行了研究,主要工作和结论如下:
1、 深入分析了电子节气门系统的结构组成和工作原理,对电子节气门开度与输出
电压信号之间的对应关系进行了标定。
2、 深入分析系统中存在的非线性因素对电子节气门动态特性的影响规律,构建了
电子节气门系统的数学仿真模型。
3、 借助 Matlab/Simulink 软件,仿真研究PID 控制、模糊控制、模糊 PID 控制
和滑膜控制等不同控制方法对电子节气门的控制效果,为电子节气门实际控制
策略制定提供了理论依据。其中模糊 PID 控制器和滑模控制器有相对较好的控
制效果。
4、以80C196KC 单片机为核心开发了电子节气门的硬件电路。
5、 针对电子节气门控制器进行了软件编程的构架工作,构建了电子节气门控制软
件流程图,为今后软件的进一步开发奠定了坚实的基础。
关键词:电子节气门控制系统 数学模型 PID 控制器
模糊控制器 滑膜控制器
ABSTRACT
At present, ETC technology has become one of the key technologies of the
advanced vehicle control and safety systems. It is of great significance for promoting
China's auto energy-saving emission reduction and self-brand-building to achieve ETC
system with self-development. In this paper, it is research for the simulation of the
ETC .The main work and the conclusions were as follows:
1The composition and working principle of the electronic throttle system is analysis
in depth. It is calibration to the electronic throttle opening and the output voltage
signal corresponding to the relationship.
2The affect the laws of the response characteristics in a variety of non-linear factors
on ETC are analysis in depth. The mathematical simulation model of the ETC is
built up.
3It is to research the control effect of the PID control, fuzzy control, PID_fuzzy
control and sliding mode control with Matlab / Simulink software. The fuzzy PID
controller and the sliding mode controller have good control effect. It provided
theoretical foundation for actual control of ETC.
4It developed the hardware circuit of ETC with 80C196KC.
5It is carried on the preliminary work of the software programming to the ETC. The
software flow chart of the ETC is Constructed .It laid a solid foundation for the
further development of the software in the future.
Key Word: Electronic throttle control system, Mathematical model,
PID control ,Fuzzy control, Sliding mode control
ABSTRACT
章 绪 论.............................................................................................................. 1
§1.1 .................................................................. 1
§1.2 .................................................................................... 2
§1.2.1 ..................................................................................... 2
§1.2.2 ..................................................................................... 3
§1.3 :........................................................ 3
§1.3.1 ..................................................................................... 3
§1.3.2 ................................................................... 4
§1.4 ................................................................................ 5
§1.5 .................................................................................................. 6
§1.6 ........................................................................................... 7
章 电................................................................................... 9
§2.1 .................................................................................................. 9
§2.2 ................................................................................ 9
§2.3 ......................................................................................10
§2.3.1 ................................................................................... 10
§2.3.2
L
T
.................................................................................. 11
§2.3.3 .......................................................................................... 12
§2.3.4 .............................................................................................. 12
§2.3.5
airflow
T
................................................................................ 14
§2.4 仿........................................................................... 14
§2.4.1 Matlab/Simulink .................................................................................14
§2.4.2 仿................................................................................15
§2.5 ........................................................................................................... 15
PID 仿.............................................................................. 17
§3.1 PID ......................................................................................................17
§3.2 PID 仿......................................................................................................18
§3.3 PID .............................................................................................. 19
§3.3.1 ..................................................................................................19
§3.3.2 ..................................................................................................19
§3.3.3 ..................................................................................................21
§3.4 PID ................................................................................ 21
§3.5 ........................................................................................................... 22
章 电仿............................................................... 23
§4.1 ......................................................................................... 23
§4.2 .................................................................................. 24
§4.2.1 ..............................................................24
§4.2.2 ................................................................................... 25
§4.3 ........................................................................... 27
§4.3.1 ..................................................................................................... 27
§4.3.2 ..................................................................................................28
§4.3.3 ..................................................................................................29
§4.4 仿.................................................................................. 29
§4.4.1 仿........................................................................ 29
§4.4.2 仿................................................................. 30
§4.5 ........................................................................................................... 32
PID 仿....................................................33
§5.1 PID ............................................................................................ 33
§5.1.1 PID ........................................................................... 33
§5.1.2 PID .................................................................... 34
§5.2 PID .........................................................................................35
§5.2.1 ..................................................................................................... 35
§5.2.2 ..................................................................................................36
§5.3 PID 仿.......................................................................37
§5.4 PID ..................................................................................38
§5.5 ........................................................................................................... 39
章 电仿............................................................41
§6.1 ...............................................................................41
§6.2 ........................................................................... 42
§6.3 ............................................................................................. 42
§6.4 ...............................................................................43
§6.5 仿............................................................................................. 43
§6.6 ......................................................................................... 44
§6.7 ........................................................................................................... 46
章 电...................................................................... 47
§7.1 ........................................................................................................47
§7.2 .................................................................................. 48
§7.2.1 .......................................................................................48
§7.2.2 ........................................................................ 49
§7.2.3 ................................................................................49
§7.2.4 ................................................................................... 51
§7.2.5 .......................................................................................... 51
§7.2.6 ..................................................................................................52
§7.2.7 ..................................................................................................52
§7.2.8 .......................................................... 53
§7.2.9 .......................................................................................... 53
§7.3 ........................................................................... 55
§7.3.1 .......................................................................................55
§7.3.2 HSO PWM ...................................................................... 56
§7.3.3 .......................................................................................58
§7.3.4 .......................................................................................... 58
§7.3.5 .......................................................................................59
§7.4 ........................................................................................................... 60
章 全.......................................................................................................61
§8.1 .................................................................................................61
§8.2 ...................................................................................................................62
................................................................................................................... 63
............................................... 67
...........................................................................................................................69
第一章 绪论
1
第一章 绪 论
电控汽油喷射系统在汽车发动机上的普及和发展,使汽车发动机的整机性能
和控制水平都有了质的飞跃。但是随着汽车的日益增多,能源问题也由于紧缺被
提上了日程,不仅对汽车的经济性、动力性和排放性能提出了更高的要求,而且
同时也需要提高驾驶的舒适性和电子化程度。汽车怠速控制、巡航控制等很多领
域越来越多地运用电子节气门技术,目的只是为了进一步提高汽车行驶性能、降
低排放污染。
ETC 技术最早出现于 20 世纪 80 年代初期起初仅应用于高档轿车上。随着电
子技术的日益发展能源问题和环境问题的日益突出以及对汽车性能要求的提高,
ETC 成为全电控发动机上最重要的控制装置并已开始广泛应用到各种车辆上,
优点在于可根据驾驶员愿望、排放、油耗和安全需求,使节气门快速精确地控制
在最佳开度,并可设置多种控制功能来改善驾驶安全性和舒适性。
当前,
ETC 技术已成为先进车辆控制与安全系统的关键技术之一,实现 ETC
系统的自主开发,对于推进我国汽车节能减排和自主品牌建设具有重要的意义。
§1.1 电子节气门控制系统组成及工作原理
汽车电子节气门技术( Electronic Throttle Control, ETC)是随汽车电子驱动
理念(Drive - by – Wire而诞生的。传统意义上发动机节气门间的连接时使用传
统的油门踏板,而今已经改成采用钢丝绳或是杠杆机构。节气门技术不论是通过
增加相应的传感器,还是通过增加电控单元,最终的目的是为了实时精确控制节
气门开度
]3[
。业内人士广泛推崇电子节气门技术,因为它不但实现了扭矩控制,
还能精确地控制空燃比。不仅如此,汽车行驶的动力性、经济性和平稳性都有很
大幅度的提高,而在减排意义上,它也是一个里程碑。目前,驱动防滑控制ASR
巡航控制(CCS)等汽车控制系统普遍使用电子节气门技术。一开始它就是仅应
用在高档轿车身上,现在它已近是高档轿车不可或缺的配置。
1.1 ETC 系统示意图,主要由加速踏板、加速踏板位置传感器、节气门位
置传感器,节气门体、控制单元、电机等部分组成
]3[
。加速踏板位置传感器用于
完成加速踏板信号的输入;节气门位置传感器作为控制系统的反馈控制信号;控制
单元包括信息处理模块和驱动电路;具体工作时,加速踏板位置传感器将信号传
给控制单元,控制单元进行综合分析计算后输出电机控制信号,电机接受信号后
摘要:

摘要当前,ETC技术已成为先进车辆控制与安全系统的关键技术之一,实现ETC系统的自主开发,对于推进我国汽车节能减排和自主品牌建设具有重要的意义。本文主要针对电子节气门的控制仿真问题进行了研究,主要工作和结论如下:1、深入分析了电子节气门系统的结构组成和工作原理,对电子节气门开度与输出电压信号之间的对应关系进行了标定。2、深入分析系统中存在的非线性因素对电子节气门动态特性的影响规律,构建了电子节气门系统的数学仿真模型。3、借助Matlab/Simulink软件,仿真研究了PID控制、模糊控制、模糊PID控制和滑膜控制等不同控制方法对电子节气门的控制效果,为电子节气门实际控制策略制定提供了理论依据...

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作者:牛悦 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:71 页 大小:2.58MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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