高频高压X线发生器主回路的改进设计

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论文题目：高频高压 X线发生器主回路的改进设计

Title: Improvement Design of the Main Circuit for

High Frequency High Voltage X-ray Generator

摘要

高频高压 X线发生器由于其具有高质量的 X线输出，以及效率高、体积小、

重量轻、控制精度高等优点，已逐渐替代工频 X线发生器，成为现代 X线机设备

的关键部件。高频高压 X线发生器的核心技术就是高频高压电源技术，掌握高频

高压电源的设计和生产有利于提升国产 X线机设备的性能和档次，从而可提高国

产X线设备的市场竞争力。本研究与上海医疗器械厂有限公司合作，旨在对厂方

引进的美国 Quantum 公司的高频高压发生器设备进行消化、吸收，并在此基础上

进行改进设计，同时为完全国产化生产和设计打下良好的基础。

本文首先对在 X线高频高压发生器中最常用的全桥串联谐振逆变电路的原理

进行了分析，并对 Quantum 高频高压发生器主回路结构进行了详细剖析，主要包

括主回路的电路结构模型、高压变压器的电路结构模型、谐振逆变参数、高压控

制回路、IGBT 触发驱动电路等。然后根据改进设计的要求，对主回路参数进行重

新计算和设计，并制作了专用的调试板，对改进设计后的主回路进行测试分析，

最后进行了联机调试，实现了主回路谐振频率为 120kHz，最高控制频率为 60kHz，

输出最大功率 50kW等改进设计要求。

本文的主要贡献在于：（1）对美国引进的 Quantum 高频高压发生器主回路进

行全面的消化和吸收，为进一步改进设计提供参考；（2）对主回路的电路结构进

行了详细的理论分析，并实现了改进设计要求；（3）制作了主回路调试专用电路

板，不仅可以测试主回路，还可以为生产过程中主回路的调试提供手段和方法。

最后本文提出了今后进一步研究的建议，如对主回路中的核心部件——高压

变压器的研究和设计、进一步提高控制频率和对整机系统的软件进行研究和设计。

关键词：X线发生器高频高压主回路改进设计

ABSTRACT

High-frequency X-ray high voltage generator has gradually taken the place of the

traditional power-frequency X-ray generator for the advantages of high output quality,

high efficiency, small volume, light weight and high control precision etc. to become

the key component in modern X-ray equipment. The core technique of the high

frequency X-ray high voltage generator is high frequency high voltage power supply. If

we can design and manufacture the high frequency high voltage power independently,

the performance and marketing competition of the domestic X-ray equipment would be

improved greatly. Cooperating with the Shanghai Medical Equipment Works CO, LTD.,

we did some researches on high frequency X-ray generator. Our work focused on

update the generator from an American company, Quantum Company, based on

absorbing and assimilating their technology. We believe our work would build a good

foundation for the completely domestic design and manufacturing.

First, this article presents the analysis of principle of full bridge series load series

resonant converters (SLSRCs) which is most commonly used in high frequency X-ray

generator. Then, it focuses on detail analysis of the main circuit of the Quantum high

frequency generator, including the electric circuit structure model of the main circuit

and high voltage transformer, the resonant parameters of the converter, the high voltage

control loop, and IGBT driver circuit and so on. After that, the improvement design is

carried on. The parameters of the main circuit were re-designed and re-evaluated. And

then, the improved main circuit was tested and analyzed by a specially made PCB. The

results of online debugging show that the resonance frequency of the improved main

circuit is 120kHz, the highest control frequency is 60kHz, and the maximum output

power is 50kW, which meet to the requirement of improvement design.

The main contribution of this article lies in: (1) The completely absorbing and

assimilating Quantum technology may help us to provide the reference to the further

improvement and design; (2) The main circuit structure has been carried on the detailed

theoretical analysis, which has been realized the improvement design requirements; (3)

A specially made PCB not only may test the main circuit, but may also provide the

method for parameter testing of the main circuit when production process.

Finally this article proposes the further study work on this field, such as the high

voltage transformer's research and design which is the core technology of the main

circuit, further raising the control frequency and designing the control software of the

machine system.

Key words: X-ray generator, High frequency, High voltage,

Main circuit, Improvement design

摘要

ABSTRACT

第1章绪论 ............................................................................................................. 1

§1.1 X 线机概述 ..................................................................................................... 1

§1.1.1 X 射线的产生原理 ............................................................................... 1

§1.1.2 X 线机的基本电路结构组成 ............................................................... 2

§1.2 X 线机高压产生原理 ..................................................................................... 4

§1.2.1 工频 X线机高压产生原理 .................................................................. 4

§1.2.2 变频 X线高压产生的原理及特点 ...................................................... 6

§1.3 本课题研究的目的和意义 .............................................................................7

§1.4 本课题研究的内容 .........................................................................................8

第2章X线高压逆变电路基础 ............................................................................... 11

§2.1 X 线高压逆变电路概述 ............................................................................... 11

§2.2 串联谐振逆变电路 .......................................................................................14

§2.2.1 串联谐振回路的基本结构 ................................................................. 14

§2.2.2 串联谐振回路中串联负载电阻 ......................................................... 15

§2.3 串联负载串联谐振变换器 ...........................................................................16

§2.3.1 拓扑结构和开关模态 ......................................................................... 16

§2.3.2 当

rs ff 

时，变换器为电流断续工作方式 .............................. 18

§2.3.3 低于谐振频率工作（

rsr fff 2/

）.............................................20

§2.3.4 高于谐振频率工作（

rs ff 

）........................................................ 22

§2.3.5 串联谐振变换器小结 ......................................................................... 25

第3章QUANTUM 高压逆变电路分析 ..................................................................27

§3.1 QUANTUM QG-80 型高压发生器概述 ..................................................... 27

§3.2 QUANTUM QG-80 型高压发生器主回路结构 ......................................... 28

§3.3 串联谐振变换器 ...........................................................................................30

§3.3.1 高压变压器的等效模型 ..................................................................... 30

§3.3.2 谐振变换器的等效模型 ..................................................................... 30

§3.3.3 KV 的控制与触发 .............................................................................. 32

§3.4 QG-80 型高压发生器 KV 控制系统测试 ................................................... 35

§3.4.1 KV 控制系统中的波形测试 .............................................................. 35

§3.4.2 不同输出功率下的控制频率测试 ..................................................... 38

第4章发生器的改进设计要求和理论实现 ........................................................... 39

§4.1 改进技术的要求 ...........................................................................................39

§4.2 主回路的改进技术方案 ...............................................................................39

§4.2.1 主回路谐振电容参数的确定 ............................................................. 39

§4.2.2 高压变压器参数 ................................................................................. 40

§4.2.3 功率开关管 IGBT ............................................................................... 43

第5章QUANTUM 高压发生器改进后的调试 ......................................................47

§5.1 调试板的制作 ...............................................................................................47

§5.1.1 调试板线路设计 ................................................................................. 47

§5.1.2 调试板的制作及波形测试 ................................................................. 49

§5.2 主回路谐振波形测试 ...................................................................................51

§5.3 整机联机调试 ...............................................................................................52

§5.3.1 KVP 板触发脉冲的调整 .................................................................... 52

§5.3.2 联机调试波形 ..................................................................................... 52

§5.3.3 不同输出功率下的控制频率测试 ..................................................... 55

第6章结论与建议 ................................................................................................... 57

§6.1 结论 ...............................................................................................................57

§6.2 进一步研究方向和建议 ...............................................................................57

参考文献 .........................................................................................................................59

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目 .................................................................63

致谢 .............................................................................................................................65

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摘要：

论文题目：高频高压X线发生器主回路的改进设计Title:ImprovementDesignoftheMainCircuitforHighFrequencyHighVoltageX-rayGenerator摘要高频高压X线发生器由于其具有高质量的X线输出，以及效率高、体积小、重量轻、控制精度高等优点，已逐渐替代工频X线发生器，成为现代X线机设备的关键部件。高频高压X线发生器的核心技术就是高频高压电源技术，掌握高频高压电源的设计和生产有利于提升国产X线机设备的性能和档次，从而可提高国产X线设备的市场竞争力。本研究与上海医疗器械厂有限公司合作，旨在对厂方引进的美国Quantum公司的高频高压发生器设...

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