基于复杂网络的银行系统的风险传染及其防范措施研究

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3.0 牛悦 2024-11-19 4 4 2.65MB 71 页 15积分
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摘 要
随着科技的进步,经济全球化的不断深入,各国之间的金融联系愈发紧密,
这无疑为金融风险的传染提供了更为迅速便捷的渠道。银行业作为金融业最重要
的组成部分,它的系统稳定性对整个金融系统的安全有着至关重要的作用。银行
系统的风险具有很强的传染性,如果不能得到恰当的处理则会不断蔓延,引起银
行系统危机,进而引发全球性金融危机。因此研究清楚单个银行风险传染给银行
系统的传导机制是十分重要的。
银行间的金融业务多种多样,本文主要是针对银行之间的风险交易进行建模,
运用一种针对银行系统层面的风险分析方法。银行会收到来自外部客户的远期合
约等一系列类似赌约的交易,这类交易双方对将来某一时刻发生的事件做出相反
的预测,在这一时刻到来之前,银行有一半的失败率,面临巨大的风险,这时银
行就会考虑与有交易连接的银行进行风险对冲,如果恰好有交易连接的另一家银
行对同一事件做出了与前一家银行相反的预测,则这两家银行可以对这一事件的
结果进行风险对冲。银行个体对于如何对冲风险可以采取两种策略:被动交易风
险策略和主动交易风险策略。规定主动交易风险的银行需要给接受银行支付一定
的手续费,而这会影响银行是否采取主动策略的意愿。采取主动交易风险策略的
概率与风险量呈正比,与银行资产和交易手续费成反比,但当银行的风险大到超
过巴塞尔协议规定的范围时,必须要主动交易风险。倒闭银行的债务由与它连接
的其他银行来分担,当某个到期业务有正的收入时,则可以使倒闭银行重新复活。
银行系统中的个体银行间存在金融业务的联系,可以将整个银行系统看成是一
个网络,银行个体是里面的节点,而有关联的银行间用边互相连接起来。银行网
络具有各种各样的拓扑结构,本文做的工作就是基于复杂网络的结构来研究银行
系统的风险传染及其防范措施。复杂网络理论的兴起使得各行各业对于它的研究
越来越多,复杂网络的一些特性被证明更加符合现实中的各种网络关系,银行网
络也不例外。文中将创新地分别对规则网络、随机网络、小世界网络和无标度网
络下的银行系统模型进行计算机模拟,统计大量数据,通过衡量结果的各种参数
来分析巴塞尔协议参数、外部风险比例、网络规模在不同的网络结构下对银行系
统风险传染的影响,得出这些结果参数在不同网络结构下的规律并进行相互比较。
本文研究的目的在于从理论上优化银行网络结构使得整个银行系统达到一个
更加稳定的状态。在研究方法上有所创新,加入了银行之间交易风险的手续费,
分别在各种不同复杂网络结构下研究个体银行间风险传染的特点,并给出了在银
行系统网络中防范风险传染的一些措施。结论认为巴塞尔协议参数和银行网络的
连接集中度对银行系统风险传染有比较大的影响,找准关键银行节点是防范风险
传染的关键之一。
关键词:银行系统风险传染 交易风险 复杂网络 小世界网络 无标度
网络
ABSTRACT
As technology advances, economic globalization, the deepening of financial links
between countries become more and more closely, which is undoubtedly provide a more
rapid and convenient channels for financial risk contagion. Banking as a most important
component of finance, its system stability plays a vital role in the entire financial system.
The risk of the banking system is highly contagious, if not adequately dealt with will
continue to spread, then causing the banking system crisis, thus sparking a global
financial crisis. Therefore, the study of transmission mechanism about an individual
bank risk transmitted to the banking system is very important.
There are various inter-bank financial services, this article is mainly directed
against the risk trading between banks modeling, using one for the banking system level
quantitative risk analysis. Bank will receive a client’s requests, such as forwards, swaps,
weather derivatives, etc. These are modeled by bets which depend on an external
random process which only has two opposite results with equal probabilities. The bet
will mature one day in future. In order to avoid the risk, banks will try to compensate or
share risk amongst each other. We introduce an iterative dynamical model where banks
can choose between different trading strategies: passive strategy and active strategy
depending on their need to reduce individual risk. Whenever a bank agrees to a risk
trading, the offering party is obliged to pay a spread to the accepting bank. The
probability of adopting an active strategy is increasing in risk and decreasing in wealth
and spread respectively. But the probability for adopting an active strategy is always
equal to one, whenever the total risk exceeds a certain percentage of wealth which is
regulated by Basle regulatory. A bank is said to be defaulted if its wealth falls below
zero. Any open payments of the defaulted bank to external customers will be shared by
all the remaining neighbor banks. If the defaulted bank wins a bet one day, it can revive.
In the banking system, there are financial businesses between the individual banks.
We can be the entire banking systems as a network. The banks can be seen as individual
nodes, while the inter-bank associated with the edges connected with each other. Risk
trading actions take place between players whose connections are characterized by an
exogenously specified graph topology. The emergence of complex network theory
makes all walks of life for its research-based, more and more complex network of some
of the features proved to be more in line with the relationship between the various
networks in reality, banking network is no exception. This article will model the
banking system under the computer simulation in respect of the regular networks,
random networks, small-world networks and scale-free network. Statistical large
amounts of data, by measuring the various parameters to analyze the results of Basel II
parameters, the proportion of external risks, the network size in a different network
structure of the banking system under the impact of the risk of infection, get the
regulation of results parameters under different network and make comparisons.
The purpose of this study is to optimize the banking network structure in theory,
making the whole banking system up to a more stable state. Be innovative in research
methods, add a fixed fee between banks, study a variety of complex network structures
the risk of transmission of the inter-bank characteristics. It gives some measures to
prevent the risk contagion in the network of banking system. The Basel II parameter and
the degree of concentration risk on the banking system has large impact in risk
contagion and identify appropriate key bank node is one of the keys to prevent the risk
transmission.
Key WordRisk contagion of banking system, Risk trading, Complex
network, Small-world network, Scale-free network
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论 .......................................................... 1
§1.1 研究背景及意义 ............................................. 1
§1.2 研究对象和方法 ............................................. 2
§1.2.1 研究对象 .............................................. 2
§1.2.2 研究方法 .............................................. 2
§1.3 论文框架和创新点 ........................................... 3
§1.3.1 论文框架 .............................................. 3
§1.3.2 论文创新点 ............................................ 4
§1.4 文献综述 ................................................... 4
§1.4.1 国外研究综述 .......................................... 5
§1.4.2 国内研究综述 .......................................... 7
第二章 银行风险相关理论与复杂网络理论概述 ............................ 9
§2.1 银行系统性风险传染相关理论 ................................. 9
§2.1.1 系统性金融风险的概念及特征 ............................ 9
§2.1.2 银行危机的概念及特征 ................................. 10
§2.1.3 银行风险分类 ......................................... 10
§2.2 巴塞尔资本协议 ............................................ 12
§2.3 复杂网络理论概述 .......................................... 13
§2.3.1 复杂网络理论概念 ..................................... 13
§2.3.2 复杂网络参数 ......................................... 14
§2.3.3 复杂网络模型 ......................................... 15
§2.3.4 运用复杂网络研究传播现象 ............................. 16
第三章 银行风险传染性研究 ........................................... 19
§3.1 银行风险传染性定义 ........................................ 19
§3.2 银行风险传染形式分析 ...................................... 19
§3.2.1 从信息方面对银行系统风险传染研究 ..................... 20
§3.2.2 从信用方面对银行系统风险传染研究 ..................... 24
第四章 基于复杂网络分析银行网络结构 ................................. 27
§4.1 银行网络结构的构建 ........................................ 27
§4.2 随机银行网络结构模型 ...................................... 28
§4.2.1 随机银行网络的度分布 ................................. 29
§4.2.2 随机银行网络的群聚系数 ............................... 30
§4.2.3 随机银行网络平均最短路径 ............................. 30
§4.3 小世界银行网络结构模型 .................................... 30
§4.3.1 小世界银行网络的度分布 ............................... 31
§4.3.2 小世界银行网络的群聚系数和平均最短路径 ............... 31
§4.4 无标度银行网络结构模型 .................................... 32
§4.4.1 无标度银行网络的度分布 ............................... 33
§4.4.1 无标度银行网络的群聚系数和平均最短路径 ............... 34
第五章 银行网络上风险传染动力学研究 ................................. 37
§5.1 构造模型的基本原理 ........................................ 37
§5.2 模型的具体架构和流程 ...................................... 38
§5.3 各种银行网络结构下相关参数的变化 .......................... 42
§5.3.1 规则银行网络 ......................................... 42
§5.3.2 随机银行网络和小世界银行网络 ......................... 47
§5.3.3 无标度银行网络 ....................................... 52
第六章 基于复杂网络银行系统风险传染措施分析 ......................... 57
§6.1 基于复杂网络理论下的银行网络特性 .......................... 57
§6.2 银行系统网络防范风险传染措施 ............................... 57
第七章 全文总结与展望 ............................................... 61
§7.1 本文的主要结论 ............................................ 61
§7.2 本文的研究不足与展望 ...................................... 63
参考文献 ............................................................ 65
在读期间公开发表的论文 .............................................. 67
.............................................................. 69
摘要:

摘要随着科技的进步,经济全球化的不断深入,各国之间的金融联系愈发紧密,而这无疑为金融风险的传染提供了更为迅速便捷的渠道。银行业作为金融业最重要的组成部分,它的系统稳定性对整个金融系统的安全有着至关重要的作用。银行系统的风险具有很强的传染性,如果不能得到恰当的处理则会不断蔓延,引起银行系统危机,进而引发全球性金融危机。因此研究清楚单个银行风险传染给银行系统的传导机制是十分重要的。银行间的金融业务多种多样,本文主要是针对银行之间的风险交易进行建模,运用一种针对银行系统层面的风险分析方法。银行会收到来自外部客户的远期合约等一系列类似赌约的交易,这类交易双方对将来某一时刻发生的事件做出相反的预测,在这...

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作者:牛悦 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:71 页 大小:2.65MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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