Wi-Fi技术在物联网冷链系统的应用研究

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3.0 侯斌 2024-11-19 4 4 2.22MB 69 页 15积分

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摘要

本文阐述了 Wi-Fi 技术在物联网冷库中的应用研究，在物联网思想的指导下，

开放思维并做出大胆尝试，采用分布式计算和分布式存储的方法设计并实现了一

个基于 Wi-Fi 技术的中央监控平台，并将分布于各地的工业现场纳入传感监控平台

的数据采集、监控和存储体系中，形成小规模的存储与无线网络。

就目前条件而言，监控网络所拥有的工业现场是有限的，但中央-远端网络在

物理上具有极大的可拓展性，并随着远端个数的逐渐增多，监控系统的存储体系

和计算能力也将逐渐增强，最终将实现具有一定规模的分布式网络。

本文提出了冷储行业（主要是指冷库）物联网的企业方案，当前无线网络已

在世界范围内的各个行业普遍开展起来，该方案是 Wi-Fi 技术在工业控制领域的实

践和尝试,方案中的库房温湿度采集采用了 NTC 传感器，LCM 和EVC4110 控制器

之间的采用 TTL 转Wi-Fi 通讯模块通讯，并且把采集到的数据存在单片机外部

EEPROM（数据存储器）中供上位机查询和调用。本地监控端与控制器通讯采用

的是 Wi-Fi 模块通讯，且把相应的数据存储在数据库中供远程监控系统查询和调

用，远程监控端用户通过 Internet 和GSM 对冷库进行实时监控，并对网络的构建

做了设想，在本文中对企业方案的细节做了讨论，包括监控端硬件、软件模块的

设计实现及服务器方案讨论实现。当然这只是企业方案的起步，所实现的也只是

一个企业级传感网，虽然在数量级上还没有达到物联网的级别，但可以预见的是，

随着工控无线网络的不断拓展，最终会实现无线传感网络，这一前景非常乐观。

本文从物联网的指导思想论述，对目前国际国内的形式和最新的研究技术做

了比较分析，指定了最有利于自身实现的软硬件方案，并对方案的实现做了探讨

和描述，对中央-远端平台的实现做了一定的阐述，最后阐明了无线传感网络的发

展动力和发展轨迹。

RFID 技术是物联网的技术基础，物联网的发展需要 RFID 技术的不断提升，

在无线网络中 Wi-Fi 技术有着独特的技术优势，不仅功耗低、传输速率快并且省去

布线的成本，其发展值得期待。

关键词：Wi-Fi 工业监控无线传感网络服务器数据存储

ABSTRACT

This paper states the application of Wi-Fi technology in the refrigeration industrial.

At the guidance of the Internet of Things we, with an open mind, make a bold attempt to

design and obtain a central monitoring platform based on Wi-Fi technology by virtue of

distributed computing and distributed storage, and then bring industrial worksites

distributed elsewhere into the system for data collection, monitoring and storage in the

monitoring platform to form small-scaled storage and wireless network.

At the present situation, while monitoring network covers limited industrial

worksites, central – remote network has great expansibility as far as its physical

property is concerned. Moreover, with the increase of ends the storage and

communications capabilities of monitoring system will improve gradually, and

distributed network of a certain scale will finally be achieved.

This paper puts forward the enterprise program of the Internet of Things in the

Cold store industry. At present wireless network has been popular in various fields all

over the world. The program is the practice and attempt of Wi-Fi technology in the

industry controlling area. In the program the gather of temperature and humidity in the

storehouse adopts NTC Sensor . Communications both between controllers LCM and

EVC4110 adopt Wi-Fi module. the data collected is stored in EEPROM (Data Memory)

in single chip so that host computer can inquire and transfer. The local monitoring and

controller communications adopt Wi-Fi communications, and corresponding data is

stored in the database so that the Remote Monitoring system can inquire and transfer.

Users of Remote Monitoring carry out a real-time monitoring of refrigeratory through

Internet and GSM , and envision network construction. This paper discusses the

enterprise program in great detail, including the design and implementation of hardware

and software modules, the discussion and implementation of the server. Of course, this

is merely the beginning of the enterprise program and will only achieve an

enterprise-class sensor network, which is beyond the level of Internet of Things in the

magnitude. However, it is hopeful that with the expansion of industrial sensor networks,

wireless monitoring network will ultimately be achieved.

This paper makes a comparative analysis of the current international and domestic

situation and latest technology from the angle of the guiding theory of the Internet of

Things, points out the best software and hardware program, elaborates how to

implement the program and central-remote platform, and finally explains the

development motivation and track of wireless sensor network.

To sum up, RFID technology is the basis of sensor network and the development of

wireless sensor networks relies on the improvement of RFID technology. Wi-Fi

technology has unique technological advantages in the industrial sensing network

because it has low consume and high transmission rapid, and it saves the cost of wiring.

We are looking forward to its development.

Keywords: Wi-Fi, Industrial Monitoring, Wireless Sensor Network,

Server , Data Storage

摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论...................................................................................................................1

§1.1 课题研究背景及意义...............................................................................................1

§1.2 课题研究现状..........................................................................................................2

§1.3 物联网在行业内的实现...........................................................................................3

§1.4 实现的技术难点.......................................................................................................5

§1.5 论文组织结构...........................................................................................................6

第二章 Wi-Fi 技术在物联网中的应用.......................................................................... 7

§2.1 物联网的体系结构..................................................................................................7

§2.1．1射频识别技术（RFID）.................................................................... 8

§2.1.1.1 阅读器...........................................................................................8

§2.1.1.2 天线...............................................................................................8

§2.1.1.3 RFID 标签数据存储方式 .......................................................... 8

§2.2 Wi-Fi 构建无线网络 .............................................................................................. 10

§2.3 Wi-Fi 构建无线网络的优势 .................................................................................. 12

§2.4 Wi-Fi 的网络拓扑结构 .......................................................................................... 12

§2.5 Wi-Fi 的数据传输机制 .......................................................................................... 13

§2.5.1 数据通信中的传输机制.......................................................................13

§2.5.2 Wi-Fi 数据传输机制 ............................................................................. 14

§2.6 Wi-Fi 的协议架构及各层规范 .............................................................................. 15

§2.6.1 Wi-Fi 物理层规范 ................................................................................. 16

§2.6.2 Wi-Fi MAC 层规范............................................................................... 17

§2.6.3 Wi-Fi 网络层规范 ................................................................................. 18

§2.7 本章小结................................................................................................................20

第三章 Wi-Fi 技术在冷库系统中的应用实现............................................................ 21

§3.1 控制器 Wi-Fi 模块数据采集 ................................................................................ 21

§3.2 冷库本地监控系统................................................................................................22

§3.2.1 通信系统设计框图................................................................................23

§3.2.2 本地监控系统的模块划分...................................................................24

§3.4 模块实现过程中的问题........................................................................................25

§3.5 通信模块的软件设计.............................................................................................26

§3.6 本地监控系统的软件设计.....................................................................................27

§3.7 本章小结.................................................................................................................31

第四章冷控系统终端、数据采集及远程监控的实现...............................................32

§4.1 A 子系统（EVC4110）相关模块功能概述......................................................... 33

§4.1.1 A 子系统中子模块的原理结构图 ........................................................ 33

§4.1.2. 用户交互模块......................................................................................33

§4.1.3 系统功能模块.......................................................................................34

§4.1.3.1 冷凝器启动、关闭及变频功能.................................................35

§4.1.3.2 电子膨胀阀控制功能.................................................................35

§4.1.3.3 蒸发器启动、关闭及变功率输出.............................................36

§4.2 B 子系统的 LCM(智能数据采集与分析控制器)功能概述 .................................37

§4.2.1 LCM 网络架构设计 ..............................................................................37

§4.2.1.1 设备及网络初始化......................................................................37

§4.2.1.2 网络正常工作模式.....................................................................38

§4.2.1.3 PC 机通过 LCM 查询 EVC 节点数据 ....................................... 38

§4.2.2 智能制冷调度.......................................................................................38

§4.2.3 智能除霜调度........................................................................................39

§4.3 C 子系统（本地数据监控）相关概述 ...............................................................40

§4.3.1 监控网络的形成...................................................................................40

§4.3.2 方案讨论...............................................................................................41

§4.3.3 监控网络的数据传输流程....................................................................42

§4.4 章小结.....................................................................................................................43

第五章冷库远程监控系统的设计实现.......................................................................44

§5.1 远程监控系统的硬件设计....................................................................................46

§5.2 远程监控系统的软件设计....................................................................................47

§5.2.1 服务器模块化设计...............................................................................48

§5.2.2 服务器流程设计...................................................................................49

§5.2.2.1 监听线程设计.............................................................................50

§5.2.2.2 远端服务线程设计.....................................................................52

§5.2.2.3 数据投递线程流程.....................................................................53

§5.2.3 服务器端优化策略...............................................................................54

§5.2.4 运行效果展示.......................................................................................55

§5.3 本章小结................................................................................................................57

第六章总结与展望.......................................................................................................58

参考文献.........................................................................................................................61

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果.............................................64

致谢.............................................................................................................................65

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摘要：

摘要本文阐述了Wi-Fi技术在物联网冷库中的应用研究，在物联网思想的指导下，开放思维并做出大胆尝试，采用分布式计算和分布式存储的方法设计并实现了一个基于Wi-Fi技术的中央监控平台，并将分布于各地的工业现场纳入传感监控平台的数据采集、监控和存储体系中，形成小规模的存储与无线网络。就目前条件而言，监控网络所拥有的工业现场是有限的，但中央-远端网络在物理上具有极大的可拓展性，并随着远端个数的逐渐增多，监控系统的存储体系和计算能力也将逐渐增强，最终将实现具有一定规模的分布式网络。本文提出了冷储行业（主要是指冷库）物联网的企业方案，当前无线网络已在世界范围内的各个行业普遍开展起来，该方案是Wi-Fi技...

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