城市生活垃圾收运车辆调度的实时应急管理研究

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3.0 侯斌 2024-11-19 4 4 2.49MB 63 页 15积分
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城市生活垃圾收运是整个城市生活垃圾处理体系中最有现实意义和研究价值
的问题之一,既反应出政府公共服务的水平,还关系到城市街道环境卫生质量,
与人们生活息息相关。由于收运系统所处的客观环境是复杂多变的,收运过程中
存在着诸多不确定性因素,如垃圾量的变动、运力损失等。这些事件的发生是不
可预测和控制的,且都很可能会导致收运条件的变化,从而引起收运计划延迟甚
至中断,继而导致垃圾不及时清运的二次污染等环境问题,给政府和企业带来负
面影响。因此,如何快速处理这些对正常收运产生影响的干扰事件帮助环卫部
和企业在尽量不影响预定计划的前提下完成拟定的任务,最大限度的减少干扰
事件对既定范围垃圾收运工作的影响,保证收运任务的及时顺利进行,就成了环
卫部门和企业垃圾收运系统建设中必须研究的关键问题。
本文以城市生活垃圾的收运问题为研究内容,针对垃圾量变动和收运设备故
障两种最具代表性的干扰事件,根据干扰管理思想,分别提出了两种扰动辨识规
则,及基于初始计划偏离度和运输成本两个指标的度量方法。在此基础上,分别
以带有时间窗单车场和带有时间窗多车场收运问题为研究背景,构建了城市生活
垃圾收运中垃圾量变动和收运设备故障的干扰管理模型,并通过仿真算例验证了
所建模型和所用算法的可行性和优越性。最后,通过对杨浦区江浦街道实例的研
究,构建了基于现实条件下的干扰管理模型,设计了改进的遗传算法,采用 matlab
编程实现实时生成干扰恢复策略以最小化扰动程度,提高公共服务质量和满意
度,减小收运成本,降低环境污染。通过干扰管理方案与传统方法的实验结果对
比分析,验证了本文模型和算法的有效性和优越性。
本文是干扰管理在城生活垃圾收运领域的成功运用,为解决该领域干扰管
理困难的现实问题进行了有益的探索。
关键词:城市生活垃圾 车辆调度 干扰管理 遗传算法 多目标优化
ABSTRACT
The collection of municipal domestic waste is one of the most realistic and
significant problems in the entire municipal domestic waste disposal system. It is not
only reflects the level of government public service, but also relates to the city's streets
environmental health. And it is closely related to people's life. Because the objective
environment of collection system is complex and changeable, there are many
uncertainty factors in the process of collection, such as variation in garbage volume,
transportation capacity loss, etc. The occurrence of these events is not predictable and
controllable, and likely to lead to collection condition change, which will lead to a
collection plan delay, even a collection interrupt. And then, it will lead to garbage
pickup not in time, which will make secondary pollution and other environmental
problems. It has a negative impact to the government and enterprises. Therefore, how to
deal with the disruption of the impact quickly, help the proposed task of sanitation
department and the enterprise have scheduled not affected, minimize disruption events
influence and guarantee the collection task performed smoothly in time. It is the key
issue that the sanitation department and the enterprise must study.
Based on the municipal domestic waste collection problem, this paper discussed
two of the most representative event. According to disruption management theory,
proposes two disturbance identification rules respectively, and puts forward two
indicators of measurement method based on the initial plan deviation and transport costs.
Then, two different problems have been put forward. One is single yard, and the other
one is more than one yard. Based on these researches background, this paper built
disruption management models. The model and algorithm is verified feasibility and
superiority by simulation examples. Finally, based on the research of the Yangpu district
Jiangpu street, consider of reality, constructed disruption management model, and
designed the improved genetic algorithm. Using Matlab to realize real-time generate
disruption recovery strategy and minimize disturbance degree, improve the quality of
public service and satisfaction, accepted reduce transportation cost, reduce the pollution
of the environment. Through compared disruption management with the traditional
method, analysis the results of the experiment, the model and algorithm of this paper is
verified the effectiveness.
This article is the successful application of disruption management in the field of
municipal domestic waste, which is carried on the beneficial exploration of reality to
solve the disruption management difficult problem in the field.
Key Words: Municipal Domestic Waste, Vehicle Routing Problem,
Disruption Management, Genetic Algorithm, Multi-Objective Integer
Programming Model
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 ...................................................... 1
1.1 问题的提出与研究意义 ....................................... 1
1.1.1 问题的提出 ............................................ 1
1.1.2 研究意义 .............................................. 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 ............................................. 2
1.2.1 垃圾收运车辆路径问题研究现状 .......................... 2
1.2.2 干扰管理研究现状 ...................................... 3
1.3 主要内容与研究方法 .......................................... 4
1.3.1 主要研究内容 .......................................... 4
1.3.2 技术路线 .............................................. 5
1.3.3 研究方法 .............................................. 5
第二章 相关理论综述 ................................................ 7
2.1 城市生活垃圾收运理论概述 ................................... 7
2.1.1 城市生活垃圾收运系统 .................................. 7
2.1.2 垃圾收运车辆路径问题 .................................. 8
2.1.3 垃圾收运车辆路径问题模型 .............................. 9
2.1.4 垃圾收运车辆路径问题算法 ............................. 11
2.2 干扰管理理论概述 .......................................... 12
2.2.1 干扰管理形成与发展 ................................... 12
2.2.2 干扰管理模型 ......................................... 13
2.2.3 干扰管理算法 ......................................... 15
2.2.4 干扰管理与其他不确定性决策方法比较 ................... 16
§2.3 相关算法简介 ............................................. 17
2.3.1 遗传算法 ............................................. 17
2.3.2 自适应遗传算法 ....................................... 18
第三章 收运设备故障的干扰管理模型研究 ............................. 20
3.1 引言 ....................................................... 20
3.2 收运设备故障的干扰管理模型 ................................ 20
3.2.1 问题的描述及假设 ..................................... 20
3.2.2 扰动辨识与救援策略 ................................... 20
3.2.3 扰动度量 ............................................. 21
3.2.4 构造虚拟收集点 ....................................... 22
3.2.5 干扰管理模型 ......................................... 22
3.3 模型算法设计 ............................................... 24
3.4 算例分析 .................................................. 24
3.5 本章小结 .................................................. 28
第四章 垃圾量变动的干扰管理模型研究 ............................... 29
4.1 引言 ....................................................... 29
4.2 干扰管理模型的建立 ........................................ 29
4.2.1 问题描述 ............................................. 29
4.2.2 扰动辨识及救援策略 ................................... 29
4.2.3 扰动度量 ............................................. 30
4.2.4 引入虚拟收集点 ....................................... 31
4.2.5 干扰管理模型 ......................................... 31
4.3 改进遗传算法设计 ........................................... 32
4.3.1 染色体的构造 ......................................... 32
4.3.2 初始种群的确定 ....................................... 33
4.3.3 适应度函数 ........................................... 33
4.3.4 精英选择 ............................................. 33
4.3.5 交叉、变异操作 ....................................... 33
4.4 算例分析 ................................................... 34
4.4.1 具体问题描述 ......................................... 34
4.4.2 干扰仿真结果分析 ..................................... 35
4.5 本章小结 .................................................. 39
第五章 杨浦区江浦街道实例应用 ..................................... 40
5.1 江浦街道收运背景 .......................................... 40
5.1.1 辖区垃圾收运现状 ..................................... 40
5.1.2 垃圾数据收集与整合 ................................... 40
5.2 初始最优方案 .............................................. 43
5.3 干扰管理方案 ............................................... 44
5.3.1 实时处理方法 ......................................... 44
5.3.2 扰动辨识与救援策略 ................................... 44
5.3.3 干扰管理模型 ......................................... 44
5.4 改进遗传算法设计 ........................................... 46
5.4.1 染色体编码与解码 ..................................... 46
5.4.2 初始种群的确定 ....................................... 47
5.4.3 适应度函数 ........................................... 47
5.5 实例问题与实验结果及评价 ................................... 47
5.5.1 实例问题描述 ......................................... 47
5.5.2 实验结果 ............................................. 48
5.5.3 实验结果评价 ......................................... 49
5.6 本章小结 .................................................. 49
第六章 总结与展望 ................................................. 51
参考文献 .......................................................... 53
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 .................... 58
致谢 .............................................................. 59
摘要:

摘要城市生活垃圾收运是整个城市生活垃圾处理体系中最有现实意义和研究价值的问题之一,既反应出政府公共服务的水平,还关系到城市街道环境卫生质量,与人们生活息息相关。由于收运系统所处的客观环境是复杂多变的,收运过程中存在着诸多不确定性因素,如垃圾量的变动、运力损失等。这些事件的发生是不可预测和控制的,且都很可能会导致收运条件的变化,从而引起收运计划延迟甚至中断,继而导致垃圾不及时清运的二次污染等环境问题,给政府和企业带来负面影响。因此,如何快速处理这些对正常收运产生影响的干扰事件,帮助环卫部门和企业在尽量不影响预定计划的前提下完成拟定的任务,最大限度的减少干扰事件对既定范围垃圾收运工作的影响,保证收...

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作者:侯斌 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:63 页 大小:2.49MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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