基于贸易引力模型的中国电影出口分析

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3.0 侯斌 2024-11-19 4 4 1.37MB 68 页 15积分
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摘 要
在经济市场化和全球化的大环境下,文化贸易成为当代经济发展的一只独立
力量,对全球经济尤其是金融危机后的全球经济发展起到了重要作用。电影作为
最典型的文化产品,电影贸易作为文化贸易的重要组成部分,不光在经济上为电
影输出国带来巨大的利益,并且凭借其生动的内容和形式传播着电影输出国的生
活方式和文化理念,同时也带动相关产业迅速发展。
虽然中国已经成为全球第二大电影市场,但不可忽略的是,在全球电影市场
的版块分割格局上,美国仍然拥有着霸主地位,其电影票房收入基本上占全球电
影票房总收入的三分之二。虽然中国有几部国产电影在海外表现出色,但中国电
影出口的整体情况却不容乐观。一方面,出口至海外市场的中国电影非常少;另
一方面,出口影片收获的海外市场票房少,增长速度缓慢。显然,在电影产业上,
我国与发达国家存在明显的差距,在这种情况下,我们迫切需要对中国电影出口
进行针对性的研究,并提出切实可行的策略。
本文首先分析中国电影的出口现状,再从内部和外部两个角度分析中国电影
出口的影响因素。内部角度根据波特的钻石模型,从生产要素、需求条件、相关
产业支持、市场战略以及政府扶持这五个方面对中国电影产业的竞争力进行分析。
外部角度则是在原有贸易引力模型的基础上,再添加其他影响因素对中国电影出
口进行分析,包括:经济规模——国内生产总值与人均可支配收入、人口规模与
人口结构差异、科技水平、文化距离、是否属于同一个文化圈、文化影响力、是
否属于同一个自由贸易区、国家政策与法律环境等。然后进行实证分析和实施问
卷调查。最后根据实证分析以及问卷调查分析结果,结合目标市场本身的文化价
值观及观众的观影习惯,为中国电影的出口提出建议。
本文通过对基于贸易引力模型的中国电影出口分析的研究,从理论层面上填
补了电影出口研究的一些空白点。建立特有的针对电影贸易的引力模型,采用最
小二乘法基于对数化的面板数据的多元线性回归分析,探讨影响中国电影出口的
显著因素及其影响程度,针对显著影响因素提出建议,以此来促进中国电影的出
口。
关键词:电影 电影出口 贸易引力模型
ABSTRACT
Under the circumstance of economic marketization and globalization, culture trade
as an independent power, plays an important role in the development of global economy,
especially after the financial crisis. Film trade as an important part of cultural trade, can
not only bring huge economic benefits for exporting country, improve the structure of
China’s foreign trade, but also has a unique advantage in spreading Chinese culture to
the world and shaping China’s positive national image. At the same time, it can promote
the rapid development of related industries.
China has become the world’s second largest film market, but inevitable, the
United States still has the dominance on the segmentation in the film market of the
world pattern. The box office revenue of film in United States accounts for two-thirds of
the world’s total box office revenue. Although there are a few Chinese movies have
good performance abroad, Chinas film export trade situation is not optimistic. On one
hand, the amount of exporting Chinese movies is very small. On the other hand,
exporting Chinese movies receive small box office avenue, and have slow rate of
growth in box office revenue. There is an obvious gap between China and the developed
countries in the film industry. In this circumstance, we need to have a research in
China’s film export trade urgently, and propose some corresponding effective strategy.
The thesis will use trade gravity model in the field of film industry. First, we
analyze the present situation of Chinese film and the status of China’s film export trade.
Then we analyze the factors effecting China’s film export trade from internal and
external aspects. We aim to explore and develop the target market. Internal aspect is
according to Porters diamond model. We analyze the competitiveness of China’s film
industry from the following four parts which are production elements, demand
condition, related supporting industries and market strategy. External aspect is on the
basis of trade gravity model, then add other factors influencing China’s film export
trade, including population, GDP and per capita gross domestic product, technology,
geographic distance, whether belonging to the same cultural circle, cultural influence,
whether belonging to the same free trade zone. Finally, combining the result of
analyzing the trade gravity model and the cultural values and view habits of local
audience in target market, we propose some feasible suggestions, so as to promote
China’s film export trade to grow and develop rapidly.
The paper analyzes China’s film export trade on the base of trade gravity model.
Our research fills some blank spots in researching China’s film export trade from the
theoretical level. We try to explore out the factors and degree influencing China’s film
export trade by establishing a special trade gravity model especially for film trade and
using multiple linear regression analysis. All these have practical significance and
application value in promoting the development of China’s film export trade.
Key Word: film , film export, trade gravity model
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景..................................................................................................................1
1.2 研究意义..................................................................................................................1
1.3 研究现状..................................................................................................................2
1.3.1 国外研究现状.................................................................................................2
1.3.2 国内研究现状.................................................................................................3
1.3.3 现有文献评述.................................................................................................4
1.4 研究思路................................................................................................................4
1.5 研究方法与创新点................................................................................................5
1.5.1 研究方法.........................................................................................................5
1.5.2 创新点.............................................................................................................5
第二章 世界电影出口现状分析.....................................................................................7
2.1 世界电影市场格局..................................................................................................7
2.1.1 全球票房收入分析...........................................................................................7
2.1.2 全球人均观影次数分析...................................................................................8
2.2 中国电影市场格局..................................................................................................8
2.2.1 中国电影产业规模分析.................................................................................8
2.2.2 中国电影观影人次分析…............................................................................9
2.2.3 中国电影制作规模及海外发行情况分析...................................................10
2.3 中国电影出口的主要特点..................................................................................11
2.3.1 电影贸易逆差巨大,但整体贸易额呈上升趋势,前景光明..................11
2.3.2 电影出口规模逐年扩大,但占服务贸易总出口额比重非常小…...........12
2.3.3 电影产品类型偏少…...................................................................................13
2.3.4 电影产品海外市场偏窄,出口国家过分集中............................................14
2.3.5 合拍片占据中国电影海外市场的主导地位…...........................................15
2.3.6 电影收入模式过分单一,电影衍生品市场有待挖掘................................16
第三章 中国电影出口影响因素分析...........................................................................18
3.1 内部影响因素.......................................................................................................18
3.1.1 电影产业生产要素......................................................................................18
3.1.2 电影产业国内需求条件..............................................................................18
3.1.3 电影产业相关产业支持..............................................................................20
3.1.4 电影产业市场战略......................................................................................20
3.1.5 电影产业政府扶持.......................................................................................21
3.2 外部影响因素........................................................................................................21
3.2.1 经济规模——国内生产总值与人均可支配收.......................................21
3.2.2 人口规模与人口结构差异...........................................................................23
3.2.3 科技水平.......................................................................................................24
3.2.4 文化距离.......................................................................................................25
3.2.5 是否属于同一个文化圈...............................................................................26
3.2.6 文化影响力...................................................................................................26
3.2.7 是否属于同一个自由贸易区.......................................................................28
3.2.8 国家政策与法律环境...................................................................................28
第四章 电影贸易引力模型的建立及实证分析..........................................................29
4.1 模型建立的依..................................................................................................29
4.2 模型变量的选..................................................................................................29
4.2.1 因变量............................................................................................................29
4.2.2 自变量...........................................................................................................29
4.3 模型数据的获..................................................................................................30
4.4 模型的建立及实证分析......................................................................................31
4.5 实证分析结论.....................................................................................................35
第五章 问卷调查的设计及实施..................................................................................36
5.1 问卷调查的目的.................................................................................................36
5.2 问卷的设计思路................................................................................................36
5.2.1 关于基本信息的问题设计........................................................................36
5.2.2 关于文化圈的问题设计..............................................................................36
5.2.3 关于中国文化影响力的问题设计.............................................................37
5.3 问卷调查的实施..................................................................................................38
第六章 中国电影出口的建议.......................................................................................39
6.1 亚太电影市场.......................................................................................................39
6.1.1 把握观众感兴趣的中国本土特色........................................................40
6.1.2 保持本土特色,融入创新..............................................................................40
6.1.3 文化背景与商业元素相结.......................................................................42
6.1.4 发挥民间文化社团、文艺机构的作用…...................................................42
6.1.5 拓展主流渠道,扩大全媒体影响力….......................................................42
6.2 欧美电影市场.....................................................................................................42
6.2.1 循序渐进........................................................................................................44
6.2.2 挖掘具有普世价值的电影题材....................................................................44
6.2.3 吸纳欧美本土文化........................................................................................45
6.2.4 采取合作拍片模式....................................................................................... 46
6.2.5 加强海外电影节宣传力度........................................................................... 47
6.2.6 举办区域性电影交流活动和各类文化展示活动....................................... 48
6.3 新兴电影市场.................................................................................................... 49
6.3.1 在电影制作时以新兴市场中目标对象国的文化元素作为外包装…….. 49
6.3.2 为新兴市场中目标对象国再造文本….......................................................50
6.4 电影衍生品市场..................................................................................................50
6.4.1 注重衍生产品的开发...................................................................................52
6.4.2 明确消费群体,根据消费群体需求开发电影衍生品...............................52
6.4.3 产品的多元化开发及复合型设计人才的培养...........................................52
6.4.4 保护知识产权,严厉打击盗版行为...........................................................53
附录.................................................................................................................................54
参考文献.........................................................................................................................60
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果.............................................63
致谢.................................................................................................................................64
摘要:

摘要在经济市场化和全球化的大环境下,文化贸易成为当代经济发展的一只独立力量,对全球经济尤其是金融危机后的全球经济发展起到了重要作用。电影作为最典型的文化产品,电影贸易作为文化贸易的重要组成部分,不光在经济上为电影输出国带来巨大的利益,并且凭借其生动的内容和形式传播着电影输出国的生活方式和文化理念,同时也带动相关产业迅速发展。虽然中国已经成为全球第二大电影市场,但不可忽略的是,在全球电影市场的版块分割格局上,美国仍然拥有着霸主地位,其电影票房收入基本上占全球电影票房总收入的三分之二。虽然中国有几部国产电影在海外表现出色,但中国电影出口的整体情况却不容乐观。一方面,出口至海外市场的中国电影非常少;...

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作者:侯斌 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:68 页 大小:1.37MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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