用于冷梁的翅片换热器的性能研究

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3.0 侯斌 2024-11-19 4 4 26.7MB 63 页 15积分
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摘 要
随着社会经济科技的发,空调系统在建筑领域的应用越来越广泛辐射
调系统较常规空调系统有着舒适节能的特点,渐受到重视。冷梁是一种新
的末端送风装置,是辐射空调的一种末端类型。20 世纪 80 年代,冷梁空调技术在
欧洲萌芽,因其均匀的气流组织,美的外形,紧凑结构,节能舒等特点,
在欧州和美国逐渐发展。国内,冷梁空调技术的发展较迟,在实际应用中也没
普及,较多的还是实验研究。
2014 年全国能源工作会议上指出空调耗能所占的个建筑耗能的 65%上,
能源问题是世界公认的四大问题之一因此改变传统能耗结构,提高空调运行效
率是提高能耗效率的主要途径。冷梁中诱导规律(即诱导比)和翅片换热系数
冷梁系统的基本特性也是影响整冷梁空调系统能耗的重要参数。因此本文主着
力点是研究冷梁末端诱导射流规律,并探究冷梁的翅片在微小风速下翅片间空
的换热系数及阻力。
本文采用 CFD 模拟结合实验验证的方法研究冷梁诱导送风规律,设定一次风
量,模拟计算二次风量,确定不同喷嘴直径下送风诱导比,寻找冷梁喷嘴
径与诱导比的关系。同时在合理简化翅片换热器模型的基础上,建立翅片结构
微元模型,理论分析二次风在翅片间流传热系。利Fluent 软件对二次风
过翅片进行三维模拟,详细绘制空气侧温度场,压力场分布的等值图及翅片温
分布的等值图,通过软件 Report 功能求得层流状态下翅片换热器的传热系数及翅
片前后压降。
本文的重点是如何准确测量二次回风微风速和温差,本文通过间接测量水
侧的热量和通过 PT100 测量二次回风进出口温度的方法间接计算二次风量的方法
是本文的核心,对比分析数值模翅片间对流传热系数,拟和实验表明:在
流换热状态下,换热系数大大降低,为 20W/m2.K 左右。随着二次迎面风速的提高
对流换热系数逐渐增大,但趋势同时揭示片间对流换热
数和水流水温之间的关系,实验表明温也是影响对
换热的关,并分析翅片换热器前后压降与二次迎面风速的关系。
键词:主动式冷梁 诱导比 翅片换热器 传热系数 数值模拟
ABSTRACT
Along with the development of social economy and science, the radiant air-
conditioning system has been gradually paid attention with being more energy-efficient
than the conventional air conditioning system. Chilled beam is a new ventilation
terminal, and the chilled beam system belongs to the radiant air-conditioning system
according to its refrigeration principle. In the 1980 of the 20th century, the chilled beam
technology sprouted in Europe and got a rapid development in Europe and the United
States because of its features of uniform air distribution, beautiful appearance, compact
structure, energy saving and comfort. Internally, the chilled beam technology developed
late and is not yet common in practical applications with more experimental researches.
The proportion of air conditioning energy consumption in the total building energy
consumption and the energy issue is recognized worldwide as one of the four questions,
which requires us to change the traditional energy structure and improve the efficiency
of air conditioning for improving energy efficiency. The induction law(induction ratio)
and fin heat transfer coefficient are the basic characteristics of chilled beam system and
the important parameters influencing the entire air-conditioning system energy
consumption. Consequently, this paper mainly studies the induction law of the chilled
beam, and explores the secondary air flow state and heat transfer coefficient of the fin
under tiny wind speed.
This article adopts the method of CFD simulation combined with experiment in the
research of air distribution rule of active chilled beam. Firstly,we set first airflow
volume,than calculate the secondary air volume for different nozzle diameter by
simulation,so it can choose the best nozzle diameter in chilled beam.On the basis of
simplifying the fin heat exchanger fin structure reasonably,we set up infinitesimal model
structure,and theoreticaly analysis the secondary air flow condition and heat transfer
coefficient between the fin by Fluent software.In adition,we detailed drawing air
temperature field, stress field distribution of the equivalent figure and fin temperature
distribution in the contour,and obtained the heat transfer coefficient of finned heat
exchanger in laminar flow condition.
In the experiment,it is necessary to test temperature and wind speed of the secondary
air,it is difficult to test the small air velocity accurately.This paper puts forward a
method to calculate secondary air volume by measuring the heat in the water side.On
contrast to analysis and numerical simulation of convective heat transfer coefficient
between the fin,it is showed that in the laminar condition, heat transfer coefficient
between the fin is much smaller,about 20W/m2.K.With the secondary air speed
improving,heat transfer coefficient grows slowly.At the same time,the article tries to
find the relationship between heat transfer coefficient with freezing water flowing rate
and water temperature.We can draw a conclusion from the experiment, freezing water
temperature is the key factor that influences the convective heat transfer.
Key WordActive chilled beams,Induction ratio,Heat exchanger,Heat
transfer coefficient, Numerical simulation
目 录
中文
ABSTRACT
.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 引言......................................................................................................................1
1.2 冷梁空调系统的简..........................................................................................2
1.2.1 辐射空调系统的分类................................................................................2
1.2.2 动式冷梁简........................................................................................4
1.3 冷梁的国内外研究......................................................................................6
1.3.1 国外研究............................................................................................6
1.3.2 国内研究............................................................................................7
1.4 冷梁的应用..........................................................................................................8
1.5 题主要研究内..............................................................................................9
动式冷梁射流送风及传热理论....................................................................10
2.1 动式冷梁诱导性能分析................................................................................10
2.1.1 射流..................................................................................................10
2.1.2 冷梁送风气流组织.................................................................................13
2.2 冷梁板式翅片换热器对流理论分析................................................................16
2.2.1 对流传热基本理论..................................................................................16
2.2.2 空气外翅片传热层流分析..............................................................18
2.2.3 空气外翅片阻力分析..........................................................................19
2.3 小结............................................................................................................20
Fluent 的数值模拟....................................................................................21
3.1 动式冷梁送风数值模拟................................................................................21
3.1.1 基本..................................................................................................21
3.1.2 冷梁结构的模型建立与网格划..........................................................22
3.1.3 冷梁送风模型件设定..................................................................23
3.1.4 Fluent 计算及模拟结...........................................................................25
3.2 翅片换热器数值模拟........................................................................................27
3.2.1 模型的建立与网格划..........................................................................27
3.2.2 基本..................................................................................................29
3.2.3 翅片模型件设定..........................................................................29
3.2.4 Fluent 计算及模拟结...........................................................................30
3.3 小结............................................................................................................36
冷梁送风的实验设计........................................................................................37
4.1 实验方的确定................................................................................................37
4.2 实验装置........................................................................................................37
4.2.1 实验工..................................................................................................37
4.2.2 冷梁结构参数.........................................................................................38
4.2.3 一次风系统设计......................................................................................38
4.2.4 水系统设计......................................................................................42
4.2.5 二次回风量与温度的测定设计..............................................................44
4.2.6 PT100 铂电阻测温的.......................................................................46
4.2.7 二次风压力测量......................................................................................47
4.3 小结............................................................................................................48
第五章 实验数分析与研究........................................................................................49
5.1 动式冷梁诱导送风测................................................................................49
5.1.1 一次二次风量测量结分析..............................................................49
5.2 翅片换热器对流传热系数................................................................................50
5.2.1 二次风微风速流状态..........................................................................50
5.2.2 二次风传热性能分析..............................................................................51
5.2.3 翅片压降分析..........................................................................................57
5.3 小结............................................................................................................58
第六章 结论与展........................................................................................................60
6.1 题结论............................................................................................................60
6.2 题展............................................................................................................61
.........................................................................................................................62
1
章 绪
第一章
1.1 引言
在科技发展月异的中国,人们对工作生活、环境的要求越来越高,空调
系统作为调节空气湿度的主要其应用越来越广泛,数量也越来越多
空调的能耗占整个建筑耗能空调能耗占整个建筑能耗的
占有率 50%以上[1],并且每年以一定的速度持续中。能源为题是世界公认的四
[2]能耗是整个
高能源利用率务就是提高空调运行效率,调耗能,提高能
源的利用率。
冷梁空调系统按照动驱 动 及结构类型科分为主动 式 冷 梁
ACB Active Chilled Beams ) 和 被 动 梁 系 统 ( PCB Passive Chilled
Beams[1][3]。冷梁主要承担室负荷,与环境之间的热换主要是通过对流
进行。系统上,冷梁系统属于空气-水系统,通过改变进出水温度和流量
大小,调节制冷量梁是一种诱导末端装置
。主动式冷梁和被动式冷梁是设计为干盘管运行,不产生水。
动式冷梁空调系统制冷制热功能其末端是一种新型诱导
置,利用一次风的诱导风压作用使空气与冷梁末端二次换热,
换热的的。冷梁冷水的水温一16~19,制冷组制冷效率较普通低温
组能提高 20%左右[4]普通空调系统有节能的优势末端装置
噪音。主梁技术是型的空调技术,能调能耗,
舒适安静内空气品质,是一项极具未来发展前的空调技术。1-1 为冷梁
空调系统用建筑的实
1-1 冷梁用的实
1.2 冷梁空调系统的简
1.2.1 辐射空调系统的分类
辐射空调冷是降低构内表面中一多个表面的温度,
2
理工大学硕士学位论文
射面射面内的人、结构面的辐射换进行降
温的技术方法[4]辐射冷与环境的热换一种形,即辐射与对流,根据
各自所占换热量的不同,通辐射空调末端分为辐射和对种。
辐射冷末端产品分类1-2 [4]
动式冷梁
冷梁
对流式 被动式冷梁
吊顶式
辐射
吊顶式
管式
辐射 楼板式
混凝土式
1-2 辐射空调系统分类图
冷梁空调按照换热不同属于射空调中对流调系统,按照
冷新风的供给冷梁空调分为主动式冷梁和被动式冷梁[4]动式冷梁其主
,一次新风送风系统,翅片换热器,等。梁主
手段使室外新风进入室内,由于梁末端喷嘴结构而空气射流诱导作用
内的的新承担湿负荷和一空气
一次新风射流诱导的作用下通过冷梁翅片换热器进行二次换热,到制冷
动式冷梁夏季冷,冬季制热,而被动制冷作用动式
冷梁主要由壳翅片换热器,悬吊或镶花板,通
对流换热,到制冷效,下图 1-3 是主动式冷梁系统示意图。
摘要:

用于冷梁的翅片换热器的性能研究摘要随着社会经济科技的发展,空调系统在建筑领域的应用越来越广泛,辐射空调系统较常规空调系统有着舒适节能的特点,而逐渐受到重视。冷梁是一种新型的末端送风装置,是辐射空调的一种末端类型。20世纪80年代,冷梁空调技术在欧洲萌芽,因其均匀的气流组织,美观的外形,紧凑的结构,节能舒适等特点,在欧州和美国逐渐发展。国内,冷梁空调技术的发展较迟,在实际应用中也没有普及,较多的还是实验研究。2014年全国能源工作会议上指出空调耗能所占的整个建筑耗能的65%以上,能源问题是世界公认的四大问题之一,因此改变传统能耗结构,提高空调运行效率是提高能耗效率的主要途径。冷梁中诱导规律(即诱...

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作者:侯斌 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:63 页 大小:26.7MB 格式:DOC 时间:2024-11-19

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