ABSTRACT
With the development of China’s economy, the ratio of agriculture has reduced
gradually in terms of GDP, but it still plays an important role in national economy
system. Since 1978, China has made a great progress in agriculture, while compared
with other industries, agriculture has developed slower, which caused economy
imbalance between urban area and rural area. In China more than 50% people live in
rural area, and a great portion of them make a living on earning from agriculture. People
have paid attention to the issue of how to boost the development of agriculture in recent
years, because it is a question determining whether we can accomplish the goal of
establishing a harmony society. In this thesis we explore some aspects of promoting
agriculture development in the way of agriculture policy bank.
Agriculture policy bank is a special kind of finance organization which mainly
supports agriculture growth. On one side it has similar business scope as commercial
bank, on the other side policy bank has to implement government’s agriculture policies.
thus maximizing profit can not be its first principle, it must compensate the market
failure and attract more fund flow into agriculture. Because Agriculture is a industry
with low benefit but high risk.
Nowadays China’s agriculture has to face more challenges than ever. The challenges
urgent to tackle include: WTO rules, structure reconstruction of agriculture and
enlarging income gap between people living in city and those living in county. After
analysis, a conclusion is drawn that in these circumstances the demanding for fund in
agriculture is increasing rapidly, agriculture policy bank should take more
responsibilities to meet the increasing demand.
China’s agriculture policy bank, Agriculture Development Bank ,was founded as a
result of state owned bank reformation and was not been designed systematically, The
rural finance system is far from excellence, Deposit from agriculture department flows
out of rural area and this tendency is still going on, which aggravates the so-called
“sannong” problems. As for Agriculture Development Bank, four blemishes have
limited its function. The blemishes include: limited business scope, unmatched
relationship between asset and debt, a huge amount of non-performing asset and lack of
special law to regulate its operation. In order to fully play its role in rural finance system,
Agriculture Development Bank needs to make fundamental changes.
After compared the agriculture policy finance system among Japan, U.S.A and India,
the author summary the valuable experience and bring out suggestions on the basis of
Chinese agriculture policy bank situation. The thesis innovation lies in: giving a detail
definition of agriculture policy bank, widening research background and putting
forward some new advice on how to reform agriculture development bank.
Key Words: Agriculture, Policy Bank, Agriculture Development Bank,
Rural Financial System .