USST_Arts_112480734在线社交网络的用户结构特性及其应用研究

VIP免费
3.0 赵德峰 2024-11-11 4 4 2.45MB 54 页 15积分
侵权投诉
近年来,在线社交网络得到了快速发展。与传统媒体相比,在线社交网络更加言论开
放自由、消息发布简单、信息传播即时高效。由于在线社交网络特有的结构和信息传播的
特点,使得它在社会生活各方面,如新闻的发布传播、意见收集、信息交流、突发事件的
预测、广告营销等,起着举足轻重的作用,并且越来越多的学者开始从用户动机、信息传
播、文本分析、用户网络结构等方面对其进行研究。
作为在线社交网络最重要的两种形式,微博和 Facebook 类的社交服务网站Social
Network ServiceSNS侧重于人们生活的不同方面,微博注重信息的传播,Facebook
则更注重朋友间的交互,所以我们可以将微博看作是获取信息的平台,而 Facebook 是交
友的平台。基于此,本文分别对新浪微博中的信息传播特性和用户结构以及 Facebook
个人中心网络的用户交互特性进行分析,具体研究包括以下两个方面的工作:
1. 以复旦大学发生的黄洋中毒事件为例,通过抓取网络中的此条微博的转发及评论
数据,分析信息在微博中的传播特性,分别对其传播路径、关键节点、传播阶段以及参与
信息传播的用户结构进行分析。结果发现,在网络中,信息传播一般不超过六个层级,
与六度分隔理论不谋而合;对信息的传播起关键作用的节点不一定是度最大的点;人们对
于事件的关注程度与该事件和自己的联系强度有密切关系。
2. 邓巴数理论认为,由于人类大脑皮层容量的限制,人们能维持稳定联系的群体规
模的上限为 150 人左右。现代技术的运用使得人们的联系更便捷与低成本,这似乎提高了
人们的社交能力。然而随之而来的问题是,现代技术的发展是否解除了人们生理条件的限
制、打破了邓巴数魔咒呢?针对这个问题,本文分析了五年内 Facebook 网络中新奥尔良
市的用户的交互特性。因为网络中仅有一小部分朋友对进行过交流,而大部分朋友间没
有进行过任何交流,所以本文仅对用户之间进行留言交互的数据进行分析。通过对用户交
互网络中出度随入度的变化情况、出度分布、用户发布留言总数与用户出度边平均权重随
出度的变化情况等的分析,可以证明,在某些城市中,一个人不能与多于 65 个人保持稳
定而有意义的联系。并且,为了证明结果的获得不依赖于这几年累积的数据,我们将数据
按年份分成子数据集,并对各子数据集进行分析,得到了相似的结论。最后,我们将网络
通过边的交叉重连来将网络洗牌,得到一个随机的社交网络,通过对该随机网络的分析说
明我们结果的可靠性。由此可以证明,即使到了今天,人们的社交能力仍然是有上限的,
能够一起生活、一起行动、能进行最有效的交流的群落规模大约为 65 人左右。
关键词:社交网络分析 邓巴数 络结构 Facebook
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the online social networks are developing rapidly. Comparing to other
traditional media, online social networks are more freely for registering, easy for information
distribution and timely and effective for information dissemination. Because of the unique
features of structure and information propagation, online social networks play a pivotal role in
various aspects, like information propagation, opinions collection, exchange of information,
emergency forecasts, marketing and so on. More and more people are interested in studying it
from various aspects, like user motivation, information propagation, text analysis, user network
structure and so on.
As two of the most important online social network forms, microblog and other social
networks like Facebook focuse on different aspects of people’s life. Microblog pays great
attention to the dissemination of information, while Facebook focuses on the interactions
between friends. So we regard microblog as the platform to obtain information, and Facebook
as a platform to conduct social contacts. Based on above, this dissertation analyzes the
characteristics of information dissemination in Sina microblog and user interaction
characteristics of personal ego network in Facebook respectively. The concrete research content
is as follows:
1. Taking the example of Huang Yang poison incident of Fudan University, this
dissertation analyzes the propagation characteristic of information in Sina microblog by
crawling the data of reposting and commenting this message in the network. We analyze the
propagation path, key nodes, transmission period and the user structure. We find that the
dissemination path of information is generally not more than six hops, which coincides with
six-degrees of separation theory; the key nodes for information dissemination is not always the
nodes having the largest degree; the degree of our attention on one case always depends on the
relationship strength with ourselves.
2. According to the Dunbar's number theory, limited by the brain capacity, the maximum
group size for each individual to keep stable contact with is about 150. The use of modern
technology has lowered the cost of the communication between people and made it more
convenient, which seems to have improved the social ability of people. One question is whether
the modern technology breaks the physical limitations and the spell of Dunbars number theory.
This dissertation analyzes the properties of the user interaction behaviors of the users
of New Orleans in Facebook. Only a small part of “friends” in the link dataset has exchanged
information, so it is more meaningful to analyze networks according to their communications
other than the friendship links. According to the analysis of the change of out-degree with
in-degree, out-degree distribution, the change of the number of messages posted by one user
and the average out-link weight with out-degree we can conclude that one could not maintain
stable and meaningful relationships with more than 65 people in a single city. In addition, to
prove the robustness of the results, showing that the results don’t depend on the accumulation
of data in these years, we divide the data into several portions according to the year. The results
of the analysis of the sub-datasets are similar with our empirical results. We use a null model to
reshuffle the network to guarantee that the empirical results are not obtained by accident. The
results of the random network show the reliability of our empirical results. From which we can
conclude that even today, there still exists a limit that restricts people’s social activities. The
group size for people to keep the most effective communication is around 65.
Key Words: Online social network analysis, Dunbars Number, Network
structure, Facebook
I
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 ······················································································ 1
1.1 课题背景 ................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 课题的研究意义 ..................................................................................................... 2
1.3 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 网络结构的微观统计指标 ........................................................................... 3
1.3.2 网络结构的宏观统计指标 ........................................................................... 8
1.3.3 中观层次的社团结构的识别与分析 ......................................................... 10
1.3.4 各统计指标的优缺点 ................................................................................. 15
1.4 未来的发展方向 ................................................................................................... 16
1.5 本文的组织结构 ................................................................................................... 16
1.6 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 17
第二章 在线社交网络分析 ······································································· 18
2.1 社交网络中的基本概念 ....................................................................................... 18
2.2 社交网络的理论基础 ........................................................................................... 19
2.3 社交网络的国内外发展状况 ............................................................................... 22
2.4 社交网络的优势和劣势 ....................................................................................... 23
2.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 24
第三章 微博中基于用户结构的信息传播分析 ··············································· 25
3.1 微博网络的相关机制 ........................................................................................... 25
3.2 突发事件的信息传播分析 ................................................................................... 25
3.2.1 事件详情回顾 ............................................................................................. 26
3.2.2 传播路径分析 ............................................................................................. 27
3.2.3 关键节点分析 ............................................................................................. 29
3.2.4 传播阶段分析 ............................................................................................. 30
3.2.5 用户结构分析 ............................................................................................. 30
3.3 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 32
第四章 Facebook 中个人中心网络的统计特性分析 ········································ 33
4.1 模型的建立 ........................................................................................................... 34
4.2 数据描述 ............................................................................................................... 35
4.3 实证统计 ............................................................................................................... 36
II
4.4 随机模型的运用 ................................................................................................... 39
4.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 41
第五章 总结与展望 ··············································································· 42
5.1 总结 ....................................................................................................................... 42
5.2 展望 ....................................................................................................................... 43
························································································ 45
在读期间公开发表论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ······································· 50
致谢 ··································································································· 51
第一章 绪论
1
第一章
1.1 课题背景
在线社交网络(Online Social NetworkOSN),是一个可以在一定程度上延伸
现实生活关系的平台,人们可以在这个平台上分享兴趣爱好、活动、背景。它最
早出现在 2003 年的美国,进而风行全世界。市场研究机构 eMarketer 2013
11 月公布的数据显示,全世界约有 16.1 亿人每个月至少使用一次在线社交网络。
其中全球最大的社交网站 Facebook 在全球的活跃用户普及率可以达到 51%预计
2017 年,各社交网站TwitterFacebookMySpaceFriendsterGoogle+等)
的总用户数将超过 23.33 亿。此组数据显示,今年全世界有 22.8%的人每月至少
使用一次社交网络。而到 2017 年,全球人口总数预计会超过七十四亿,届时全球
将会有超过 30%的人使用在线社交网络。
随着Web2.0的迅速发展,在线社交网络越来越受到了人们的广泛关注,人们
的生活、交流以及获取信息的方式也发生了巨大的变化。尤其是近几年微博、微
信等社交工具的迅速崛起,即时通信工具、社交网站等在线社会网络已经成为人
们网络生活不可或缺的沟通工具。随着网络化进程的加快,人们越来越倾向于把
日常生活搬到网络上来。与现实世界相比,在线社会网络的沟通不受时间和空间
的限制用户与他们的家人、朋友、同事,甚至是陌生人都可以随时随地保持联系。
如今信息的更新越来越及时,也越来越高效和便捷,这使得人们可以随时随地的
将自己的所见所闻发布到网上,虚拟社交与现实世界之间的交叉性越来越强[
1
]
近年来,微博和博客成为人们发布新闻、获取信息、分享感受的主要平台之
一。在线社交网络在信息传达上的及时、高效和便捷等特性,使其在社会生活、
政治、疾病预防等方面发挥了极大的作用。例如20118月,美国弗吉尼亚州发生
地震后,在传统媒体报道这一突发事件前,大量消息已经在FacebookTwitter等社
交网站上广为传播,这显示了新型媒体在信息传播速度方面的优势。在此同时,
社交网络的发展也引起了一系列的疑问,如新型社交网站的整体结构如何?这些
网站在提供给用户更便捷、更低成本的交互服务的同时,是否提高了人们的社交
能力,是否能够超越人类大脑皮层的能力限制?抑或是与计算器相类似,仅仅提
高了简单计算的速度,并没有提高我们对于数学的认知能力,当今的数字网络是
否也仅仅是降低了我们互相沟通与联系的成本,并没有提高社交能力的生理限
制?本文拟针对这一问题进行分析。
摘要:

摘要近年来,在线社交网络得到了快速发展。与传统媒体相比,在线社交网络更加言论开放自由、消息发布简单、信息传播即时高效。由于在线社交网络特有的结构和信息传播的特点,使得它在社会生活各方面,如新闻的发布传播、意见收集、信息交流、突发事件的预测、广告营销等,起着举足轻重的作用,并且越来越多的学者开始从用户动机、信息传播、文本分析、用户网络结构等方面对其进行研究。作为在线社交网络最重要的两种形式,微博和Facebook类的社交服务网站(SocialNetworkService,SNS)侧重于人们生活的不同方面,微博注重信息的传播,而Facebook则更注重朋友间的交互,所以我们可以将微博看作是获取信息...

展开>> 收起<<
USST_Arts_112480734在线社交网络的用户结构特性及其应用研究.pdf

共54页,预览6页

还剩页未读, 继续阅读

作者:赵德峰 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:54 页 大小:2.45MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-11

开通VIP享超值会员特权

  • 多端同步记录
  • 高速下载文档
  • 免费文档工具
  • 分享文档赚钱
  • 每日登录抽奖
  • 优质衍生服务
/ 54
客服
关注