中美电影贸易逆差形成的原因和对策分析

VIP免费

3.0 牛悦 2024-11-07 11 4 870.82KB 69 页 15积分

侵权投诉

摘要

金融危机爆发以来，全球货物贸易受到了很大影响，但作为服务贸易龙头的

电影贸易，却逆势而上，贸易量稳步扩大，成为全球贸易新的增长点。电影贸易

作为对外文化交流的重要形式，不仅可以扩大中国文化在世界上的影响力，而且

可以改善中国对外贸易结构，对国家经济转型和“软实力”的提高，具有十分重

要的意义。然而，自从中国加入 WTO 后，中国对美电影贸易一直处于逆差状态，

近年来不仅没有缩小，反而有扩大的趋势，这对中国十分不利。因此，研究中美

电影贸易逆差问题，具有现实意义。

作为电影产业大国的美国，凭借着自身优势，电影出口量一直占据全球之首，

并在中国的电影市场，占据了多半江山。与之相比，由于历史、文化、体制等方

面的原因，中国电影却始终难以进入美国主流人群市场。随着 2012 年 2 月 18 日

中美新一轮电影贸易协议的达成，美国电影进入中国的数量会越来越多，电影分

账份额也会越来越大，中国电影贸易失衡的现象将会越发严重。在此情况下，迫

切需要进行针对性地研究，并提出对策。本文主要任务在于，通过相关数据和相

关理论，探寻中国与美国之间电影贸易逆差形成的主要因素；结合国外成功经验，

提出中国电影贸易的应对之策。

本文中，首先通过对比中美两国双边电影贸易的相关数据和有关现象，利用

钻石模型和产业内贸易理论，全方位地探讨了中美两国电影贸易逆差形成的原因。

然后，再利用多元回归分析的方法，实证分析了这些因素所带来的影响，并得出

结果。根据结果，在美国出口到我国的电影贸易中，美国科研开发水平、投融资

环境、人力资源等因素起到积极的作用；而在我国出口到美国的电影贸易中，服

务贸易发展水平，中国科研水平、文化产业竞争力、投融资环境、人力资源水平

等因素起了积极影响。基于这些因素和影响，最后从宏观和微观的角度提出了一

系列有针对性地对策与建议，以更好地解决中美之间存在的电影贸易逆差。

本文通过中美两国电影贸易逆差的研究，从理论层面上填补了双边电影贸易

研究的一些空白点；利用相关数据深层次地实证分析，得出的相关因素和影响机

理，对于促进中国电影贸易的发展具有应用价值和现实意义。

关键词：钻石模型产业内贸易电影产业

ABSTRACT

Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the global trade in goods has been greatly

affected. But the film trade as the leading of culture trade has become a new growth

point in global trade. Film trade is as an important form of cultural exchanges with

foreign countries. It not only expands the influence of Chinese culture in the world, but

also improves the structure of international trade in China. With the transition of

economics, the development of film trade has a very important significance on “soft

competition”. Because of China's accession to the WTO organization, the film trade

between China and US has been in deficit in recent years. The trend is not only

shrinking, but also is widening. Therefore, the study of the Sino-US trade deficit on film

trade has a practical significance.

Film industry in the United States is biggest film industry by virtue of their

advantages. The movie export volume has been dominated by the world's first film

market including China’s market. In contrast, due to the aspect of historical, cultural,

Chinese film has always been difficult to enter the market of the American mainstream

crowd. With the new round of Sino-US film trade agreement reached on February 18,

2012, the number of American movies into Chinese film market will be more and more.

The phenomenon will enhance film trade imbalance. In this case, there is an urgent need

of targeted research to propose a solution. The main task of this paper is to explore the

main factors formed by film trade deficit between China and the United States and to

propose some countermeasures of the Chinese film trade combined with successful

experience abroad.

This article is contrasted Sino-US bilateral movie trade data and related

phenomena, in order to explore the full range of the Sino-US the movie trade deficit

formation reasons by diamond model and intra-industry trade theory. Then, it is used of

multiple regression analysis to explore these factors. Results is as followed, in the

United States to export to China's film trade, the factors play a positive role, the level of

scientific research and development, investment and financing environment, human

resources; in the China's exports to the U.S. film trade, the factors play a positive role,

service trade development level of China, the level of scientific research and

development, the level of competitiveness of the cultural industry, investment and

financing environment, human resource levels.

Finally, the point of view of macro and micro based on these factors is concluded

in order to better solve the movie trade deficit between China and the United States.

In this paper, the trade deficit of the United States and China Film Studies is by the

theoretical level to fill some of the blank spots. By the deep-seated for data empirical

analysis, the relevant factors and the impact of the mechanism are concluded. It has

been application value and practical significance for promoting the development of

China's film trade.

Key Word：Diamond Model，Industry Trade , Film Industry

中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论 .................................................................................................................1

1.1 研究背景 ............................................................................................................1

1.2 研究意义 ............................................................................................................2

1.3 研究现状 ............................................................................................................2

1.3.1 国外研究现状 .............................................................................................3

1.3.2 国内研究现状 .............................................................................................3

1.4 研究思路 ............................................................................................................4

1.5 研究方法和创新点 ............................................................................................5

1.5.1 研究方法 .....................................................................................................5

1.5.2 创新点 .........................................................................................................6

第二章中美电影贸易现状及适用理论 ..................................................................7

2.1 中美电影贸易现状分析 ....................................................................................7

2.1.1 美国对中国的电影出口情况 .....................................................................8

2.1.2 中国对美国的电影出口情况 ...................................................................11

2.2 产业内贸易理论 ..............................................................................................13

2.2.1 产业内贸易的内涵 ...................................................................................13

2.2.2 产业内贸易的适用性问题 .......................................................................14

2.3 钻石模型 ..........................................................................................................15

2.3.1 钻石模型的内涵 .......................................................................................15

2.3.2 钻石模型适用性问题 ...............................................................................16

第三章中美电影贸易逆差原因分析 ....................................................................18

3.1 中美电影钻石模型分析 ..................................................................................18

3.1.1 需求状况 ...................................................................................................18

3.1.2 经营状况 ...................................................................................................19

3.1.3 投融资状况 ...............................................................................................21

3.1.4 相关产业 ...................................................................................................21

3.1.5 产业政策 ...................................................................................................23

3.1.6 法律环境 ...................................................................................................27

3.2 中美电影产业内贸易分析 ..............................................................................28

3.2.1 国内消费结构 ...........................................................................................28

3.2.2 产品差异 ...................................................................................................30

3.2.3 规模经济 ...................................................................................................32

3.2.4 不完全竞争市场 .......................................................................................33

3.3 小结 ..................................................................................................................34

第四章中美电影贸易逆差因素实证分析 ............................................................35

4.1 影响因素及指标选取 .......................................................................................35

4.1.1 服务贸易发展水平（ST）......................................................................36

4.1.2 中美科研开发支持力度（RD）............................................................. 36

4.1.3 文化竞争力指数（CI）...........................................................................37

4.1.4 中美电影平均投融资额（PI）............................................................... 38

4.1.5 人力资源水平（HR）............................................................................. 38

4.1.6 政府和机遇（GA）.................................................................................39

4.2 模型建立 ..........................................................................................................39

4.2.1 中国对美国电影双边贸易数据分析 .......................................................40

4.2.2 美国对中国电影双边贸易数据分析 .......................................................41

4.3 分析结果及影响路径 ......................................................................................43

4.3.1 关于服务产业发展水平 ...........................................................................44

4.3.2 关于中美科研开发支持力度 ...................................................................45

4.3.3 关于文化产业竞争力指数 .......................................................................45

4.3.4 关于中美电影平均投融资额 ...................................................................45

4.3.5 关于中美电影人力资源水平 ................................................................... 46

第五章进入对方市场案例分析 ............................................................................47

5.1 中国电影进入美国市场成功案例——《金陵十三钗》 ..............................47

5.2 美国电影进入中国市场成功案例——《加勒比海盗》 ..............................49

第六章中国电影发展对策与建议 .........................................................................52

6.1 韩国与美国电影“保卫战”经验 ...................................................................... 52

6.1.1 韩国和美国间电影贸易现状 ...................................................................53

6.1.2 韩国应对电影贸易逆差策略 ...................................................................53

6.2 应对中美电影贸易逆差的宏观战略 ..............................................................54

6.2.1 打造综合性电影集团 ...............................................................................54

6.2.2 出台《电影产业促进法》 .......................................................................55

6.2.3 制定科学的电影产业保护政策 ................................................................56

6.2.4 实施电影人才战略 ...................................................................................57

6.2.5 完善电影分级制度 ...................................................................................57

6.2.6 投融资体系加快建成 ...............................................................................58

6.3 应对中美电影贸易逆差的微观策略 ..............................................................58

6.3.1 加强合拍片 ...............................................................................................58

6.3.2 提高自身产品品质 ...................................................................................58

6.3.3 加强营销力度 ...........................................................................................59

6.3.4 规避文化折扣 ...........................................................................................60

参考文献 ....................................................................................................................61

在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 .........................................64

致谢 ....................................................................................................................65

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

15 积分 4人已下载

立即下载 VIP免费下载

摘要：

摘要金融危机爆发以来，全球货物贸易受到了很大影响，但作为服务贸易龙头的电影贸易，却逆势而上，贸易量稳步扩大，成为全球贸易新的增长点。电影贸易作为对外文化交流的重要形式，不仅可以扩大中国文化在世界上的影响力，而且可以改善中国对外贸易结构，对国家经济转型和“软实力”的提高，具有十分重要的意义。然而，自从中国加入WTO后，中国对美电影贸易一直处于逆差状态，近年来不仅没有缩小，反而有扩大的趋势，这对中国十分不利。因此，研究中美电影贸易逆差问题，具有现实意义。作为电影产业大国的美国，凭借着自身优势，电影出口量一直占据全球之首，并在中国的电影市场，占据了多半江山。与之相比，由于历史、文化、体制等方面的原因...

展开>> 收起<<

中美电影贸易逆差形成的原因和对策分析.pdf

共69页,预览7页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

中美电影贸易逆差形成的原因和对策分析

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

推荐作者

热门标签

举报选择: