政务审批系统模型研究与实现

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摘要

伴随着政府职能转变和行政环境发生的深刻变化，新一轮电子政务建设已经呈现出全新

的发展态势，向着公共服务转型已经成为全球电子政务实践不可阻挡的发展趋势，能够切实

给公众带来方便和实惠的政府电子化公共服务项目将成为未来电子政务建设的重点。公众需

求是政府电子化公共服务存在逻辑前提，政府电子化公共服务的核心价值在于对公众需求给

予充分的回应，离开了公众需求，政府电子化公共服务也就失去了存在的必要性。

Web 服务是计算机技术的新领域。我们需要用 Web 服务体系结构取代现行的应用设计模

型，从而产生能灵活改变的系统。通过应用 Web 服务技术，一些信息源将成为我们能使用的

组件，这些组件是可以重用的，而且可以广泛适用于 Internet 或Intranet 网络上的应用。本文

正是根据我国电子政务建设的现状和发展趋势，提出建立基于 Web Service (Web 服务)的电

子政务系统模型，以解决目前存在的电子政务系统之间各自为政、互不相通、重复建设，难

以做到信息共享(尤其是 GIS 相关信息)和平台共享等问题，使电子政务建设达到提高政府工

作效率、降低成本和推动经济和社会信息化进程等基本目标。

本论文研究重点是在电子政务建设中引入 Web Service 的理念，探讨如何将 Web Service

应用于 GIS 领域、OA 领域和其它相关领域，以地理空间信息服务（ Geospatial Information

Service）和分布式工作流（Distribute Workflow）的形式应用于电子政务系统，充分发挥

Web Service 互操作性的优势以克服现有电子政务系统在应用模式方面的不足。

本文在分析 Web Service 的特性和发展现状的基础上，系统研究实现 Web Service 的关键

技术，包括 XML，SOAP，WSDL，UDDI 等技术。讨论 Office GIS 的概念、应用模式以及发

展趋势—Web Service 支持下的 Office GIS；分析这些技术领域的技术内涵，从而将 Web

Service 确立为建立电子政务审批系统模型的理论依据和技术依据。在此基础上探讨论证了基

于Web 服务的建设用地审批电子政务系统的构建；最后文章给出了系统的应用实例—广东

东莞建设用地审批电子政务系统。

关键词：Web 服务，电子政务，地理信息服务，建设用地审批

Abstract

With the great change of the administrational environment in which government functions have

been transformed, a new stage in e-government construction has taken on a bran-new developing

tendency. Thus, a transformation towards public service has become an inevitable tendency in

global e-government practices. And, Government electronic public services, which may actually

facilitate and benefit the public, will become the center of e-government construction in future.

Public's demand is the logical prerequisite of the existence of Government electronic public

services, so that, the essential value of Government electronic public services lies in its sufficient

response to public's demands. Government electronic public services will lose its existence

necessity if public's demand is not taken into consideration.

Web service is a new field in computer technology. We need to replace the current models of

application design with the Web Services architecture, yielding systems that are more amenable to

change. With Web services, information sources became components that we can use, re-use, and

match to enhance Internet and Intranet applications. With the information-based advancing steps of

our country and the rapid development of Internet technology, e-government extremely urgent to

increase to the work schedule. This article, just according to the current situations and

development trends of e-government construction of our country, propose setting up the e-

government systematic model based on Web Service, in order to solve doing things in his own

way, communicating, repeated construction each other between the e-government system existing at

present, difficult to promise information sharing(Especially GIS relevant information) and platform

person who share issue, make the e-government affairs built and reach and improve government's

working efficiency, lower costs and promoting basic goals, such as economy and social

information-based process, etc..

The study focal point of this thesis is to lead theory of web service into e-government

constructions, probe into how apply web service to GIS and OA and the relevant technological field

with the work and apply to the e-government with the form of geospatial information service and

Distribute Workflow, try to take the advantage of interoperation of Web service to overcome the

system deficiency in using the mode of existing e-government.

This dissertation analysis synthetically the developing general situation of Web Service,

research the key technology of Web Service. Here are some fields we have covered： XML, SOAP,

WSDL, and UDDI. discussed Concept, using mode and development trend of Office GIS and

Office GIS supported by Web service, also analyzed the structuring of Examine and Approve of

Constructive Land e-Government system that probed into and proved because of Web service on the

basis of this； The systematic application instance that the article appeared at last 一the Examine

and Approve of Constructive Land e-Government system of Guangdong Province Dongguan City.

Key words ：Web service ；e-government ；Geospatial Information Service ；Examine and

Approve of Constructive Land

目录
摘要...............................................................................................................................................................................1
Abstract.........................................................................................................................................................................2
第1章 绪论..................................................................................................................................................................6
1 选题背景........................................................................................................................................................6
2 国内外电子政务建设情况...........................................................................................................................7
2.1 国外电子政务建设情况...................................................................................................................7
2.2 国内电子政务建设情况...................................................................................................................7
3 本文的研究内容和意义...............................................................................................................................8
第2章 实现 web 服务的关键技术研究.....................................................................................................................9
1  XML 在网络以及 Web 服务中的应用..........................................................................................................9
1.1  XML 概述.........................................................................................................................................9
1.2 XML 在 Web 服务中的应用..............................................................................................................10
1.3 XML 在实现 Web 服务的程序中的应用..........................................................................................11
2  SOAP 在Web 服务中的应用......................................................................................................................12
2.1  SOAP 协议分析.............................................................................................................................12
2.2 SOAP 协议工作原理介绍...............................................................................................................13
2.3  SOAP 协议的两种交互模式的比较.............................................................................................14
2.4   SOAP 互操作方面的分析...........................................................................................................15
3  WSDL 在Web 服务中的应用......................................................................................................................16
3.1  WSDL 元素的对象结构.................................................................................................................16
3.2  WSDL 文档的构造.........................................................................................................................18
3.3  Web 服务到 WSDL 文档的映射.....................................................................................................18
3.4  WSDL 与 WSFL 的比较....................................................................................................................20
4  UDDI 在Web 服务中的应用......................................................................................................................20
4.1  UDDI 核心数据元素结构及分析.................................................................................................21
4

4.2 关于 UDDI 注册类别的分析............................................................................................................24
5 本章小结......................................................................................................................................................26
第 3 章 Web 服务支持下的 Office GIS 研究..........................................................................................................27
1 GIS 的应用现状和面临的问题.................................................................................................................27
1.1 GIS 的应用现状.............................................................................................................................27
1.2 GIS 面临的问题.............................................................................................................................28
2 GIS 问题的解决方案——地理信息服务.................................................................................................29
2.1 基于 Web 服务的地理信息服务.....................................................................................................29
2.2 地理信息服务规范的主要构成.....................................................................................................30
3  GIS 和OA 的集成——Office GIS.............................................................................................................34
3.1 Office GIS 的概念.......................................................................................................................34
3.2 Office GIS 的设计架构...............................................................................................................35
4 Web 服务支持下的 Office GIS....................................................................................................................36
第4章  建设用地审批电子政务系统模型分析与设计..........................................................................................38
1 系统的概念、特点及组成.........................................................................................................................38
1.1 建设用地审批的概念.....................................................................................................................38
1.2 系统的概念和特征.........................................................................................................................38
1.3 系统的基本组成.............................................................................................................................39
2 系统的模型分析.........................................................................................................................................42
2.1 系统设计目标.................................................................................................................................42
2.2 业务及数据流程分析....................................................................................................................42
2.3 Office GIS 应用分析...................................................................................................................44
3 系统的模型构建.........................................................................................................................................45
3.1 系统的网络模型构建.....................................................................................................................45
4  Web 服务的开发、部署与系统实施.......................................................................................................52
4.1  Web 服务的开发、部署...............................................................................................................52
4.2 系统的实施.....................................................................................................................................52
第5章  广东东莞建设用地审批电子政务系统..............................................................................................54
1 系统的建设背景.........................................................................................................................................54
5

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摘要：

摘要伴随着政府职能转变和行政环境发生的深刻变化，新一轮电子政务建设已经呈现出全新的发展态势，向着公共服务转型已经成为全球电子政务实践不可阻挡的发展趋势，能够切实给公众带来方便和实惠的政府电子化公共服务项目将成为未来电子政务建设的重点。公众需求是政府电子化公共服务存在逻辑前提，政府电子化公共服务的核心价值在于对公众需求给予充分的回应，离开了公众需求，政府电子化公共服务也就失去了存在的必要性。Web服务是计算机技术的新领域。我们需要用Web服务体系结构取代现行的应用设计模型，从而产生能灵活改变的系统。通过应用Web服务技术，一些信息源将成为我们能使用的组件，这些组件是可以重用的，而且可以广泛适用于...

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