“化境”说新谈-一个阐释学的视角

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

III

摘要

钱钟书先生提出的“化境”，作为中国传统译论的一部分，自从其问世以来，就

一直是翻译界所热议的话题。迄今为止，已有很多文章从不同方面对钱先生翻译

思想进行了研究。至于“化境”的阐释，其研究视角可谓“百花齐放、百家争鸣”，例

如，修辞学角度、符号学角度、语用学角度、语言学角度等等。但是鲜有学者以

钱先生对“化境”的界定与其对林纾的评价之间矛盾的为着眼点，本文尝试从哲学阐

释学的角度对其进行阐释。

因而，援引阐释学的理论去阐释“化境”，是一种新的尝试。这一尝试能够挖掘

“化境”丰富的内涵，能够加深我们对“化境”内涵的理解。此外，对“化境”理论层面

的详细探究可以更好用于指导译者从事翻译实践，因为，众所周知，翻译理论和

翻译实践是个统一体。

本文首先介绍了钱钟书其人、并对其翻译思想进行了全面总结，且回顾了“化

境”说的研究现状，进而对“化境”的时代背景及理论渊源进行了探究，旨在加深我

们对“化境”的了解。第四章是本文的主题章节；钱钟书对化境下的阐释与其对林纾

“讹”的大加赏识形成了鲜明的矛盾，通过对此矛盾的分析，本文认为钱先生所提倡

的“化境”实为以目的语为中心的“归化”的“化”，而不是“忠实”的“化”。为使本文结

论更具有说服力，一方面，本文从钱先生的鸿篇巨著《管锥编》中选取了若干译

例进行了分析，另一方面,从阐释学的视角，探析了钱先生和林纾都主张采用“归

化”的翻译策略的缘由。此外，本文尝试对钱先生的“化境”从以下三方面进行了简

单的评价：“化境”的创新性、“化境”的缺陷、“化境”对中国翻译研究的启示。

最后，本文得出以下结论：钱先生谈及翻译的文章为数并不比同时代的翻译

大家少，他几乎涉及了翻译的方方面面；

“化境”吸收了中西翻译思想，它的提出是

当时的时代的产物，也是钱先生前期翻译活动的结晶；

“化境”的本质是带有几分“中

国文化中心主义”的“归化”的“化”，而不是“忠实”的“化”，尽管 “化境”有其不可避免

的缺陷，但是其诸多创新之处更引人注目，其优缺点都给中国翻译研究带来很大

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

的启示。

关键词：钱钟书；“化境”；哲学阐释学；归化

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

Contents

Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1

Chapter 1 Qian Zhongshu and his Translation Thoughts........................................ 4

1.1 A Brief Account of Qian Zhongshu.....................................................................4

1.2 An Overview of Qian’s Translation Thoughts.....................................................6

Chapter 2 Previous Studies on Qian’s “Huajing”................................................... 13

2.1 Sum-up of Qian’s Translation Thoughts............................................................13

2.2 Elucidation of “Huajing”...................................................................................14

2.3 Application of “Huajing” to Translation Criticism........................................... 15

Chapter 3 Historical Background of “Huajing” and its Theoretical Foundation 17

3.1 Historical Background of “Huajing”.................................................................17

3.2 Theoretical Foundation of “Huajing”................................................................21

Chapter 4 A Probe into the Notion of “Huajing”: a Hermeneutic Perspective.....25

4.1 Contradiction within “Huajing”........................................................................ 25

4.2 An Overview of Philosophical Hermeneutics and its Enlightenment............... 32

4.3 Outlet for “Huajing”..........................................................................................38

Chapter 5 Comments on “Huajing”......................................................................... 44

5.1 Innovation of “Huajing”....................................................................................44

5.2 Imperfection of “Huajing”................................................................................ 46

5.3 Implication of “Huajing” to Translation Studies in China................................47

Conclusion......................................................................................................................49

Bibliography...................................................................................................................51

Appendix........................................................................................................................ 55

Acknowledgments..........................................................................................................56

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文

Introduction

1. Objectives of the Research

Qian Zhongshu, deeply versed in learning of both Eastern and Western countries, is

a preeminent scholar and cultural elite. Just as Pei Huang, a professor emeritus of Asian

history at Youngstown State University specializing in the late Ming and early Qing

periods, comments, “No Student of Chinese studies can deny the versatility of Qian

Zhongshu as a scholar, writer, and literary critic. His writings and commentaries cover

classics, poetry, history, painting, and philosophy.” (Huang, 2007:562) Furthermore, he

has also made valuable contributions in the field of translation. Mr. Qian’s translation

thoughts “Huajing”(usually translated into “Sublimation”), regarded as the ideal of

literary translation, has triggered academic interest since its birth and for a long time it

has been a hot topic in the translation circles in China.

However, in his formulation of his “Huajing” in the article entitled Lin Shu’s

Translations, his definition of “Huajing” and his criticisms on Lin Shu’s translations

contradict each other. This thesis attempts to elucidate this contradiction from the

perspective of philosophical hermeneutics so as to explore the essence of Mr. Qian’s

“Huajing”.

2. Significance of the Research

Up till now, many articles have been springing up to study Qian’s translation

thoughts. Some have collected and summarized Qian’s translation thoughts; some have

contributed to the interpretation of connotations and denotations of “Huajing”; some

have applied “Huajing” to translation criticism; some have praised it; others have

criticized it. As for the interpretation of “Huajing”, studies have been made from

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摘要：

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文III摘要钱钟书先生提出的“化境”，作为中国传统译论的一部分，自从其问世以来，就一直是翻译界所热议的话题。迄今为止，已有很多文章从不同方面对钱先生翻译思想进行了研究。至于“化境”的阐释，其研究视角可谓“百花齐放、百家争鸣”，例如，修辞学角度、符号学角度、语用学角度、语言学角度等等。但是鲜有学者以钱先生对“化境”的界定与其对林纾的评价之间矛盾的为着眼点，本文尝试从哲学阐释学的角度对其进行阐释。因而，援引阐释学的理论去阐释“化境”，是一种新的尝试。这一尝试能够挖掘“化境”丰富的内涵，能够加深我们对“化境”内涵的理解。此外，对“化境”理论层面的详细探究可以更好用于指导译者从事...

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