某公司成本管理系统设计与实施

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某公司成本管理系统的设计与实施

摘要

伴随着钢铁行业的发展，复杂多变的客户需求以及市场环境对企业发展提出了更

严峻的要求，信息化建设也成为企业提高行业竞争力的一个重要手段。国内企业都欲通

过实施 ERP（Enterprise Resource Planning）系统推进信息化建设，以提升管理。而企业

要提高产品竞争力，提升利润空间，其出路就在于如何优化成本管理。成本管理信息化

越来越成为提高企业综合竞争力的平台。信息技术的采用提高了成本核算的准确性和效

率，同时也为企业的成本控制提供可靠的数据支持。系统的设计、实施为钢铁企业的成

本预测、分析以及企业的经营决策提供了一个及时准确的信息平台，对优化企业的成本

管理起到重要的推动作用。

首先，本文对原有成本管理流程的不足进行分析，对现有的成本管理的业务模式

进行了详细分析，论述了某钢铁公司成本管理系统的主要功能性需求，包括了标准成

本设定管理、成本核算管理、成本分析管理、成本控制管理、成本绩效考核和系统管理，

和非功能性需求。

其次，根据成本管理的实际需求，并考虑到为用户提供更好的成本管理服务，本

文提出了系统的技术方案及总体设计方案。在系统需求分析的基础上，采用了面向对象

分析与设计方法，遵循了 J2EE 标准，采用了 B/S 架构进行设计。

然后，本文详细论述了本系统中标准成本设定管理等六个子系统的业务功能设计、

数据组织结构设计以及实现；并对本系统进行了全面的测试。

最后，本文总结了本人在该课题中的具体工作内容及收获，分析了某钢铁公司成

本管理系统的优点，并提出了系统有待进一步优化和完善之处。

关键词：钢铁行业，成本管理，管理系统，设计与实施

Abstract

Along with the development of steel industry, complex customer needs and market

environment for enterprise development put forward the more severe requirements;

information system construction has become one of the important means to improve the

competitiveness in steel industry. To promote information system construction and

management, enterprises want to implement ERP system (Enterprise Resource Planning) in

China. However, the way to optimize cost management should be the most momentous to

enterprise improving product competition and the profit. Nowadays, Cost management

informatization is becoming a platform to improve the enterprise comprehensive

competitiveness. Information technology not only improved cost calculation accuracy and

efficiency, but also provided reliable data for enterprise cost control. The design and

implementation of the system, providing steel enterprise a timely and accurate information

platform for cost forecast, cost analysis and enterprise management decision, plays an

important role to optimize enterprise cost management.

Firstly, the original cost management process to analyze the deficiencies of the existing

cost management business model in detail, discusses cost management system's main

functional requirements, and system management, and non-functional requirements.

Secondly, according to the actual needs of cost management, taking into account the

dealers to provide better cost management services, the system proposed technical solution

and the overall design. Based on the system analysis, this paper uses object-oriented analysis

and design methods, follows the J2EE standard, and uses the B/S architecture design.

Then, the paper discusses in detail the functional design of eight subsystems, data

structure design and implementation; and the system were fully tested.

Finally, I summarized the specific issues in the work content and the harvest of a certain

steel company the advantages of cost management systems, and the system needs further

optimization and improvement.

Keywords: the Steel Industry, Cost Management, Management System, Design and

implementation.

目 录
第一章 绪论...............................................................1
1.1 研究背景.........................................................................................................................................................1
1.2 研究意义......................................................................................................................................................1
1.3 现状分析......................................................................................................................................................2
1.3.1
国外研究现状
..........................................................................................................................................2
1.3.2
国内研究现状
..........................................................................................................................................3
1.3.3
国内、外现状对比
..................................................................................................................................4
1.4 研究内容......................................................................................................................................................4
1.5 论文的组织结构..........................................................................................................................................5
第二章 系统的需求分析.....................................................6
2.1 成本管理业务流程分析..............................................................................................................................6
2.2 系统的总体需求..........................................................................................................................................9
2.3 系统的功能性需求分析............................................................................................................................11
2.3.1
标准成本设定管理
...............................................................................................................................11
2.3.2
成本核算管理
.......................................................................................................................................11
2.3.3
成本分析管理
.......................................................................................................................................11
2.3.4
成本控制管理
.......................................................................................................................................11
2.3.5
成本绩效考核
.......................................................................................................................................12
2.3.6
系统管理
...............................................................................................................................................12
2.4 系统非功能需求........................................................................................................................................12
2.5 本章小结....................................................................................................................................................14
第三章 系统设计..........................................................15
3.1 系统技术方案............................................................................................................................................15
3.2 系统总体设计............................................................................................................................................16
3.2.1
系统总体架构
.......................................................................................................................................16
3.2.2
系统功能结构设计
...............................................................................................................................18
3.2.3
系统网络拓扑设计
...............................................................................................................................22
3.2.4
系统数据库设计
...................................................................................................................................23
3.2.5
系统安全性设计
...................................................................................................................................27
3.3 系统详细设计............................................................................................................................................28
3.3.1
成本核算管理子系统的设计
...............................................................................................................28
3.3.2
成本分析管理子系统的设计
...............................................................................................................30
3.3.3
成本控制管理子系统的设计
...............................................................................................................33
3.4 本章小结....................................................................................................................................................37
第四章 系统的测试........................................................38
4.1 系统测试....................................................................................................................................................38
4.1.1
系统测试过程
.......................................................................................................................................38
iii

4.1.2
系统测试内容
.......................................................................................................................................41
4.1.3
系统测试方法
.......................................................................................................................................42
4.2 系统测试方案...............................................................................................................................................42
4.2.1
测试环境
...............................................................................................................................................42
4.2.2
测试工具
...............................................................................................................................................43
4.2.3
测试用例
...............................................................................................................................................44
4.3 测试结果分析............................................................................................................................................46
4.4 本章小结....................................................................................................................................................48
第五章 系统的实施........................................................49
5.1 系统实施要点分析....................................................................................................................................49
5.2 系统实施步骤............................................................................................................................................49
5.3 系统实施数据准备....................................................................................................................................52
5.4 系统实施效果............................................................................................................................................53
5.5 本章小结....................................................................................................................................................57
总结与展望...............................................................58
论文总结......................................................................................................................................................... 58
个人工作总结..................................................................................................................................................58
系统待改进之处..............................................................................................................................................59
参考文献.................................................................60
致谢.....................................................................62
iv

图 清 单
图1  成本管理业务流程图......................................................................................................................8
图2  系统用例图.....................................................................................................................................10
图3  系统体系架构图............................................................................................................................18
图4  系统总体功能结构图....................................................................................................................19
图5  标准成本设定管理子系统功能结构图........................................................................................19
图6  成本核算管理子系统功能结构图................................................................................................20
图7  成本分析管理子系统功能结构图................................................................................................21
图8  成本控制管理子系统功能结构图................................................................................................21
图9  信息交流管理子系统功能结构图................................................................................................22
图10  系统管理子系统功能结构图......................................................................................................22
图11  系统网络拓扑图...........................................................................................................................23
图12  系统实体关系图..........................................................................................................................24
图13  生产成本核算类图......................................................................................................................29
图14  生产成本核算时序图..................................................................................................................30
图15  生产成本分析类图......................................................................................................................32
图16  生产成本分析时序图..................................................................................................................33
图17  生产成本控制类图......................................................................................................................35
图18  生产成本控制时序图..................................................................................................................37
图19  系统实施流程图..........................................................................................................................50
图20  铁水成本明细表样图..................................................................................................................54
图21  钢坯成本明细表样图..................................................................................................................55
图22  热轧成本明细表样图..................................................................................................................56
v

表 清 单
表1  成本中心编码表............................................................................................................................24
表2  物料编码表.....................................................................................................................................25
表3  物料账表.........................................................................................................................................26
表4  系统测试环境.................................................................................................................................43
表5  自制产品标准成本估算测试用例................................................................................................44
表6  生产性成本中心计划流程测试用例............................................................................................45
表7  用户并发测试的测试用例............................................................................................................46
表8  系统测试错误总体分布情况表....................................................................................................47
表9  系统测试错误分类表....................................................................................................................47
表10  并发用户与事务执行结果表......................................................................................................48
表11  实施工作安排...............................................................................................................................48
表12  系统软件环境配置表..................................................................................................................48
vi

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摘要：

某公司成本管理系统的设计与实施摘要伴随着钢铁行业的发展，复杂多变的客户需求以及市场环境对企业发展提出了更严峻的要求，信息化建设也成为企业提高行业竞争力的一个重要手段。国内企业都欲通过实施ERP（EnterpriseResourcePlanning）系统推进信息化建设，以提升管理。而企业要提高产品竞争力，提升利润空间，其出路就在于如何优化成本管理。成本管理信息化越来越成为提高企业综合竞争力的平台。信息技术的采用提高了成本核算的准确性和效率，同时也为企业的成本控制提供可靠的数据支持。系统的设计、实施为钢铁企业的成本预测、分析以及企业的经营决策提供了一个及时准确的信息平台，对优化企业的成本管理起到重...

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