中国媒体关注度效应研究——基于A股市场负面软信息公布对股价波动影响的实证检验

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3.0 周伟光 2024-09-30 4 4 771.17KB 45 页 15积分
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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
I
摘 要
股票市场是一个由信息面、资金面和投资者情绪三者共同驱动的市场,而信
息是投资决策的基础。本文创造性地将信息划分为“硬信息”和“软信息”两大
类,前者是指强制性披露的主要以财务数据为主的公司基本面信息。而“软信息”
涵盖了所有以非标准化书面公告方式,对信息再加工后通过媒体传递发布的信息。
现实生活中,由于我国 A股市场中以个人投资者为主,受到专业知识的局限,绝
大多数投资者所依赖和获取的信息以软信息为主。
互联网时代的今天,媒体技术日益发达,以微博为代表的新媒体给人们获取
海量信息带来了便捷,财经名人实名认证的微博、博客、股吧以及财经网络视频
等媒体的兴起都为中国 A股上市公司的软信息发布提供了肥沃的土壤。金融媒体
及时有效的报道能有力地缓解消除投资者间的信息不对称问题,并有效监督治理
相关上市公司。面对上市公司突发负面软信息和充斥各大权威媒体的新闻报道,
投资者由于普遍存在有限注意力和认知偏差,将忽略对其它信息的处理而特别关
注媒体大肆报道的信息,而负面软信息的报道往往降低投资者对相应上市公司股
价收益的预期和风险评价,由此引发各种非理性下跌,这种现象我们称之为“媒
体关注效应”media attention effect此异象随着金融媒体的日益发展不断充斥
着我国 A 股市场,越来越成为行为金融研究领域关注的热点,也成为本文研究的
主要内容。
本文的研究内容主要包括以下三方面:
第一、从理论方面对媒体关注和股票价格的影响机制进行了论述。主要从投
资者有限注意力、认知偏差、有限理性三方面展开。基于以认知心理学为核心的
行为金融学理论,探讨了在信息获取过程中投资者的注意力是极其有限的,并且
由于我国 A股市场中个人投资者占绝大比例,投资者因缺乏相关专业的金融知识,
普遍存在认知偏差和心理偏差,他们更加容易受到媒体宣传和市场情绪的影响,
特别是在 “信息爆炸”的今天,由此可知我国 A 股市场上的投资者是有限理性的,
这一前提为实证检验结果的分析奠定理论基础。
第二、从实证角度对媒体负面关注度效应进行检验。本文运用事件研究方法,
以媒体突发负面软信息作为信息事件,以超额收益率来衡量基于投资者估值变化
的市场反应,对比新闻媒体报道当天前后的超额收益率差异,对我国 A股市场中
媒体负面关注效应的存在性进行了探索,通过 T检验证明“媒体负面关注度效应”
的存在是显著的。T检验结果表明,在我国 A股市场上,受到新闻媒体负面软信
息报道的公司在事件期内存在显著为负的累积超额收益率。
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
II
在定义“媒体关注度”时,本文运用了新方法,引用中国资本证券网上的财
经关注度排行,根据权威网站转载数量统计作为衡量投资者通过互联网的关注度,
实证结果发现财经关注度排名靠前即投资者关注高的股票价格波动显著,成功地
验证了投资者存在选择性注意(limited attention)。
第三、通过案例分析发现:现实生活中,通过微博、股吧等媒介发布上市公
司虚假负面软信息的现象屡见不鲜,严重误导了投资者的投资决策,加剧了股价
非理性下跌,大大损害了中小投资者的利益。对此本文从完善立法加大惩处力度、
加强媒体自律和他律三方面对相关职能部门提出了合理的建设性措施。
关键词:软信息;有限注意力;媒体效应;事件研究;有限理性
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
III
ABSTRACT
The stock market is driven by information, capital and investor sentiment, and the
information is the basis of investment decisions. This paper creatively divide
information into two categories-- "hard" and "soft". The “hard information” refers to
companies’ fundamental information which is mandatory disclosed. The "soft
information" covers all media delivery information which is usually non-standardized
written announcement. In Chinese stock market, most individual investors rely on soft
information due to their limitations of expertise.
Since the world has entered the age of the Internet, finance celebrity real-name
authentication micro blogging, blog, share it, BBS and others provide convenient for
China's A-share listed company disclosure of soft information. The media timely and
effective reports can effectively eliminate the problem of information asymmetry
between investors. However, so much kinds of “soft” information explode around
individual investors every day. Due to their widespread cognitive deviation and limited
attention, investors always make irrational investment decisions, which finally cause
irrational fluctuation of stock price. This phenomenon is called "media attention effect",
which is still full of securities market in china. "media attention effect" has become a
more and more research hotspot in the field of behavioral finance and this paper will
also discuss it.
Three aspects will be studied:
First, discuss the relationship between media attention effect and the stock price
from the theoretical aspects. This will include review of investors limited attention,
cognitive biases and bounded rationality. Based on the theory of cognitive psychology
which is the core of behavioral finance, this paper will discuss investors' limited
attention in the process of access to information. In addition, because in the information
explosion age, most stock investors in china are individual investors which are usually
lack of professional financial knowledge, and have cognitive biases and mental
deviations, they are more vulnerable to the impact of media publicity and market
sentiment. Thus, the conclusion is bounded rationality of investors is widespread in
Chinese share market, which also provides theoretical foundation to the analysis of
results of the empirical analysis.
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
IV
Second, test the negative media attention effect using empirical analysis. This
paper uses the event study method and the release of unexpected negative soft
information from media is the event. Investors’ abnormal returns before and after the
release day would be contrasted to show the irrational market response. Then T test
improve the presence of negative media attention effect in A-share market in China.
T-test results show that, the company which has negative news, exhibit significant
negative cumulative excess return during the period of the event.
In the definition of "media attention", this paper uses the Chinese capital securities
online attention ranking and the number of authoritative websites reproduced statistics
as a measure of investor attention. The empirical analysis results shows that the stocks
which have high attention rank are the stocks with significant high price volatility. This
result is, successful verified the existence of the investors’ limited attention.
Third, the case study shows that in real life, there is a lot of false negative soft
information spread through media such as the micro-blogging, share it which seriously
mislead investors’ decision-making, and cause irrational price fluctuation of stock.
These false negative soft information greatly damaged the interest of small and medium
investors. Therefore, this paper presents some suggestions from three aspects to relevant
functional departments: improvement of legislation to increase the punishment,
strengthen self-regulation of media and improve supervises.
Keywords: Soft Information; Limited Attention; Media Attention Effect; Event Study;
Bounded Rationality
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
V
目 录
第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................................. 1
第一节 研究内容和研究背景..........................................................................1
第二节 研究思路、方法和创新点 ..................................................................3
第二章 文献回顾 ............................................................................................................ 5
第一节 外文文献回顾.....................................................................................5
第二节 国内文献回顾.....................................................................................7
第三章 媒体效应对投资者决策影响的理论基础 ...................................................... 9
第一节 行为金融学的发展 .............................................................................9
第二节 媒体报道与投资者有限注意力的研究..............................................10
第三节 媒体报道与认知偏差的研究.............................................................11
第四章 我国金融媒体关注度效应因素分析 ............................................................ 18
第一节 财经新媒体的发展特点....................................................................18
第二节 A股市场中小投资者的分布情况 .......................................................21
第三节 案例分析 ..........................................................................................24
第五章 媒体负面关注度对股票价格波动的实证分析 .............................................. 26
第一节 信息与样本数据的选择....................................................................26
第二节 研究的方法 ......................................................................................27
第三节 实证检验 ..........................................................................................29
第六章 建议对策与研究展望 ...................................................................................... 34
第一节 建议对策 ............................................................................................34
第二节 本文研究不足和研究展望 ..................................................................36
参考文献 ........................................................................................................................ 38
附录 ................................................................................................................................ 41
.............................................................................................................................. 45
摘要:

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要股票市场是一个由信息面、资金面和投资者情绪三者共同驱动的市场,而信息是投资决策的基础。本文创造性地将信息划分为“硬信息”和“软信息”两大类,前者是指强制性披露的主要以财务数据为主的公司基本面信息。而“软信息”涵盖了所有以非标准化书面公告方式,对信息再加工后通过媒体传递发布的信息。现实生活中,由于我国A股市场中以个人投资者为主,受到专业知识的局限,绝大多数投资者所依赖和获取的信息以软信息为主。互联网时代的今天,媒体技术日益发达,以微博为代表的新媒体给人们获取海量信息带来了便捷,财经名人实名认证的微博、博客、股吧以及财经网络视频等媒体的兴起都为中国A股上市公司的软信息...

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作者:周伟光 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:45 页 大小:771.17KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-09-30

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