金融危机下ST类上市公司资产重组绩效研究

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浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
I
摘 要
《关于上市公司状况异常期间的股票特别处理方式的通知》《亏损上市公
司暂停上市和终止上市实施办法》的颁布及实施,使得 ST 类上市公司成为了我
国证券市场上的一类特殊群体,面临着退市的压力。而资产重组作为企业资本运
营的核心内容,能迅速改善公司资产质量,提升企业运行效率、竞争力,增强企
业盈利能力,实现资源优化配置,因而成为众多 ST 类上市公司“摘帽保牌”
重要手段。然而,资产重组对 ST 类上市公司而言,是否真能提高企业质量、
善经营状况、实现资源优化配置,还是只作为“摘帽保牌”的手段?对投资者而
言,ST 类上市公司资产重组是否真的能给股东带来超额收益?重组前后财务绩
效有着怎样的演变轨迹?是否具有可持续性?不同重组方式的市场绩效和财务
绩效是否有差异?为什么会有这样的差异及呈现怎样的变化?要回答这么多的
现实问题,需要对 ST 类上市公司资产重组绩效进行理论分析和实证研究。
论文针对 ST 公司资产重组绩效的理论和实证问题展开研究,探索资产重组
动机和目的,从市场绩效和财务绩效两个层面客观、公正地评价 ST 公司资产重
组的绩效。根据实证分析的结果,从监管角度、ST 公司角度和投资者角度提出
了一些对策建议。
全文由研究背景与理论基础、实证分析和结论与建议三个部分组成。第一部
分阐明了研究背景、意义、方法和思路,综述了国内外公司重组绩效的研究文献,
界定了资产重组的概念与内涵,分析解剖了公司重组的类型与动机,叙述了与资
产重组绩效相关的主流理论。第二部分是论文主体部分。根据《上市公司重组事
项总览》的分类标准,把重组模式划分为股权转让、收购兼并、资产置换和资产
剥离四类子样本,分别采用事件分析法和财务分析法对其市场绩效和财务绩效进
行了实证分析及检验。研究发现:总样本和股权转让、收购兼并、资产置换三类
子样本的资产重组能为股东带来超额收益,资产剥离类重组模式不存在显著的超
额收益。但存在内幕信息泄露的情况,重组信息公开后介入的投资者并不能获得
投资收益,丰厚的投资回报率被内幕信息交易者所攫取;对于财务绩效,不同重
组模式下的财务绩效显现不同的特征。股权转让和资产置换模式重组后财务绩效
改善明显且具有持续性,收购兼并模式财务绩效改善不明显且不具有持续性,
产剥离模式往往是一种改善财务绩效的过渡手段。第三部分针对实证分析的结
论,从证券监管角度,为监管部门制订涉及 ST 类上市公司资产重组政策提供对
策建议;从投资者角度,为资本市场的投资者观察 ST 类公司资产重组蕴含的价
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
II
值增长点和寻找重组绩效能明显且可持续的公司指明路径;从 ST 公司角度,为
拟进行资产重组的 ST 类上市公司或其他的财务危机公司在重组模式的选择上及
重组后如何真正提高 ST 类上市公司重组绩效,优化资源配置,提升公司的整体
价值和增加社会整体财富提供对策建议。
关键词:ST 公司;资产重组; 市场绩效; 财务绩效
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
III
ABSTRACT
The release and carrying out of “The Notice of the Stock Special Treatment of of
Listed Companies in the Abnormal Situation” and “The Implementation Measures to
Suspend and TTerminate the Listing of Listed Companies in Loss” makes the ST listed
companies in China's securities market a class of special groups, facing delisting
pressure. The assets restructuring, as the core content of the enterprise capital
operation, can rapidly improve the quality of the company's assets, enhance business
efficiency, competitiveness, enhance profitability, achieve optimal allocation of
resources, and thus become the important means of many ST listed companies
keeping listing qualification. However, Can the assets restructuring of the ST listed
companies really improve the enterprise quality, improve operating conditions to
achieve the optimal allocation of resources or be just keeping listing qualification
means? For investors, can the ST listed companies assets restructuring really give
shareholders the excessive return? What kinds of evolution trajectory dose financial
performance have before and after the reorganization? Is it sustainable? Are the
market performance and financial performance of different restructuring method
different? Why do they have such differences? And how do such differences change?
To answer these questions, in need is the theoretical analysis and empirical research
for the assets restructuring performance of the ST listed companies.
This paper focuses on the theory and empirical issues of the ST companies
restructuring performance to explore the motivation and purpose of the assets
restructuring, to give an objective and impartial evaluation of the assets restructuring
performance of the ST companies, from market performance and financial
performance perspectives, and to, according to the results of the empirical analysis,
put forward some policies and suggestions.
The whole paper can be divided into three parts: the study background, the
theoretical foundation, and the conclusion and suggestions of the empirical analysis.
The first part states the study background, significance, methods and stream of
thought, sums up the literature at home and abroad on the companies restructuring
performance, defines the concept and meaning of the assets restructuring, analyzes the
types and motivation of the companies restructuring, and presents the mainstream
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
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theories in relation to the assets restructuring performance. As the main part, the
second one, according to the classification criteria of The Reorganization of Listed
Companies in 2008 Overview, divides restructuring models into four types of
sub-samples of equity transfer, mergers and acquisitions, asset replacement and
divestitures, the market performance and financial performance of which are
respectively given the empirical analysis and inspection by means of the event
analysis method and the financial analysis method. The study founding is as follows:
the assets restructuring of the total sample and the samples of equity transfer, mergers
and acquisitions, asset replacement can bring shareholders the excessive return, yet
the assets restructuring model of the divestitures do not. But the information leakage
exists before the public disclosure of the assets restructuring information, and those
investors based on the above public information can not share the return brought by
the assets restructuring, yet those insider traders grab more restructuring wealth than
ordinary investors. In terms of the financial performance, different restructuring
models show different features. The restructuring models of the equity transfer and
asset replacement present an obviously-improved financial performance with
sustainability, the restructuring model of the mergers and acquisitions do not, and the
restructuring model of the divestitures tends to be a transition means to better the
financial performance. The third part is the conclusion of the empirical analysisfrom
the securities regulatory perspective, relative to the formulated policies of the ST
listed companies assets restructuring, the suggestions should be here for regulatory
authorities; from the point view of the investors, the path forward should be clear for
the investors who observe the growth point hidden behind the ST companies assets
restructuring and the companies which look for the obvious and sustainable
restructuring performance; from where the ST companies stand, some suggestions and
policies should be given to the assets-restructuring-planned ST listed companies and
other companies in financial crisis on how to choose the restructuring models and
how to really improve the restructuring performance of the ST listed companies,
optimize the allocation of resources, enhance the overall value of the companies and
increase the wealth of the society as a whole, after the restructuring.
Key word: ST companies; assets restructuring; market performance; financial
performance
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
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第一章 绪论..................................................................................................................1
第一节 研究背景和意义.......................................................................................1
第二节 研究方法与思路.......................................................................................3
第三节 研究框架与创新点...................................................................................4
第二章 文献综述..........................................................................................................7
第一节 国外重组文献综述...................................................................................7
第二节 国内资产重组相关文献综述...................................................................9
第三节 评述.........................................................................................................13
第三章 资产重组及其绩效理论................................................................................14
第一节 资产重组的定义与方式.........................................................................14
第二节 资产重组的动机与目的.........................................................................18
第三节 资产重组理论.........................................................................................20
第四章 ST公司资产重组市场绩效的实证研究.....................................................23
第一节 样本选取和数据来源.............................................................................23
第二节 市场绩效的实证研究设计...................................................................23
第三节 市场绩效的实证结果与分析.................................................................25
第五章 ST公司资产重组财务绩效的实证研究.....................................................34
第一节 财务绩效的实证研究设计...................................................................34
第二节 财务绩效的实证结果与分析.................................................................35
第六章 研究结论与建议............................................................................................39
第一节 研究结论.................................................................................................39
第二节 对策建议.................................................................................................40
第三节 研究局限性.............................................................................................43
参考文献......................................................................................................................44
附录..............................................................................................................................48
致谢..............................................................................................................................51
浙江财经学院硕士学位论文
1
第一章 绪论
第一节 研究背景和意义
一、研究背景
资产重组无论是在国内,还是在国外,都是证券市场的“宠儿”,是投资者
和媒体“热炒”的对象。虽然我国证券市场的历史不长,但是自从 20 世纪 90
年代末第一次重组浪潮以来,上市公司的资产重组无论是从重组次数,还是从交
易金额上看,都己经达到了相当的水平,重组的模式不断的丰富,重组的手段也
层出不穷。与此同时,随着证券市场监管的不断完善和保护投资者权益力度的加
强,中国证监会于 1998 年发布了《关于上市公司状况异常期间的股票特别处理
方式的通知》,要求当上市公司出现财务状况异常或者其他异常情况,导致其股
票存在被终止上市的风险,或者投资者难以判断公司前景、投资权益可能受到损
害的,交易所对该公司股票交易实行特别处理。特别处理包括退市风险警示(在
公司股票简称前冠以“*ST”字样)和其他特别处理(在公司股票简称前冠以
ST”字样)两种情形2001 年中国证监会又颁布了《亏损上市公司暂停上市
和终止上市实施办法》这些制度的实施,使得ST类上市公司成为了我国证券市
场上的一类特殊群体,面临着退市的压力。
一方面,上市公司相对于非上市公司而言具有资本大众化,分散风险、融资
方便、提高公司知名度等各方面的优势;另一方面,基于维护资本市场健康、
续成长的考虑,我国的证券发行制度颇为严格,股票发行与上市的审批程序较为
繁杂,难度较高。因此,对公司而言,上市资格是相当宝贵的,是一种稀缺资源,
任何一家已上市公司都不会甘愿失去这一资源。当公司股票面临特别处理时,“摘
帽保牌”成为了公司实际控制人的主要目标之一。资产重组作为企业资本运营的
核心内容,能迅速改善公司资产质量,提升企业运行效率、竞争力,增强企业盈
利能力,实现资源优化配置,因而成为众多 ST 类上市公司“摘帽保牌”的重要
手段。
wind 统计, 2009 年和 2010 年发布过重组预期经及短期内实现重组的 ST
类公司高达 131 家,占 A股市场 ST 类公司总数的 76%。因此,我们不禁要问:
资产重组对 ST 类上市公司而言,是否真能提高企业质量、改善经营状况、实现
资源优化配置,还是只作为“摘帽保牌”的手段?对投资者而言,ST 类上市公
中国证监会.《关于上市公司状况异常期间的股票特别处理方式的通知》1998 316 日.
摘要:

浙江财经学院硕士学位论文I摘要《关于上市公司状况异常期间的股票特别处理方式的通知》和《亏损上市公司暂停上市和终止上市实施办法》的颁布及实施,使得ST类上市公司成为了我国证券市场上的一类特殊群体,面临着退市的压力。而资产重组作为企业资本运营的核心内容,能迅速改善公司资产质量,提升企业运行效率、竞争力,增强企业盈利能力,实现资源优化配置,因而成为众多ST类上市公司“摘帽保牌”的重要手段。然而,资产重组对ST类上市公司而言,是否真能提高企业质量、改善经营状况、实现资源优化配置,还是只作为“摘帽保牌”的手段?对投资者而言,ST类上市公司资产重组是否真的能给股东带来超额收益?重组前后财务绩效有着怎样的演...

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作者:周伟光 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:52 页 大小:688.56KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-09-30

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