裂缝产生对电渗效果的影响及处理方法试验研究
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摘 要
电渗作为软土地基加固的方法已有很长历史，关于电渗的理论研究也相对完
善，但是电渗在工程中的应用依然受到一定限制，主要是由于电渗过程中电极腐
蚀及土体裂缝消耗过多电能，降低电渗效率。为克服电极腐蚀引起的电渗效率下
降，工程领域多采用新型土工合成材料作为电渗阳极、向阳极附近注入化学浆液
等方法。为削弱土体裂缝对电渗的影响，实际工程中多采用电渗与其他工法相结
合，联合作用虽能有效抑制裂缝开展，减小裂缝消耗电能，但此种方法只是通过
改变外部作用以削弱裂缝对电渗影响，并没有对裂缝的影响机理进行研究。
本文以研究裂缝产生机理及其影响因素为切入点，将裂缝几何参数、裂缝消
耗电势及电能作为统计变量，对比分析了不同边界条件与不同通电时间对统计变
量影响，得出裂缝产生的机理原因及对电渗起主导作用的裂缝分布位置。在此基
础之上提出三种裂缝处理方案：阳极加入活性炭夹层、阳极采用弹簧片模型、两
极加入活性炭夹层。对比三种方案在提高电渗排水量及排水速率、降低电渗能
耗、降低土体含水量及抑制电极腐蚀方面所表现的效果，得出相对最佳的处理方
案。
室内模型试验统计结果表明阳极加入活性炭夹层从削弱裂缝作用、抑制电极
腐蚀两方面为提高电渗效率提供保障，而弹簧片模型只能削弱裂缝对电渗的影响
，不能有效抑制电极腐蚀，两极加入活性炭夹层对电渗的促进作用最为显著。实
际工程中需要综合考虑各种因素，选取合适的裂缝处理方案。
关键词：电渗 裂缝处理 活性炭夹层 弹簧片模型
ABSTRACT
As a method of soft reinforcing soft soil ground，electro-osmosis method has a
very long history to be used and the theoretical studies about electro-osmosis method is
also relatively enough. However there are two significant deficiencies which limits the
application of electro-osmosis method in engineering. On the one hand is about
electrode corrosion and on the other hand is about the soil cracks consume excessive
power. These two factors have reduced the efficiency of electro-osmosis. In order to
resolve the problem of electrode corrosion, engineering has developed some effective
methods to deal with it. Such as the use of electro-kinetic geosynthetics as the anode or
use chemical grout to inhibit anodic corrosion. To weaken the influence of soil cracks
on the electro-osmosis, the electro-osmotic combined with other method has been to
used in engineering, this can effectively suppress crack development and reduce power
consumption of crack, but this method play a weaken the influence of cracks on the
electro-osmosis role by changing the external action and no think about the influence
mechanism of crack. This paper studies the mechanism and the influencing factors of
crack as a starting point, study on the effect of different direction and location of
cracks on the electro-osmosis through the laboratory test. Secondly, comparative
analysis of influence of boundary conditions and the conduction time of the formation
of cracks. Finally, To find the best treatment plan for cracks which had significant
effect on the electroosmosis process.
This paper studies the mechanism of crack and its influencing factors as a starting
point. Making the crack geometry, crack consumpt voltage and potential energy as a
statistical variable, comparative analysis of different boundary conditions and different
energizing time on statistical variables, derived mechanism that causes cracks and to
play a leading role electroosmosis fracture distribute locations. On this basis, the
program proposes three kinds of crack treatment: anode adding activated carbon
sandwich、anode sheet model with spring poles、adding activated carbon sandwich.
Compare three scenarios in increasing displacement and drainage rate electro-osmosis,
electro-osmosis to reduce energy consumption, reduce soil moisture and suppress
electrode corrosion effects with regard to performance, derived the best treatment
options.
Indoor model test results show that the model which the anode in activated carbon
sandwich improves the efficiency of electroosmosis from two aspects:weakening the
fracture effect and inhibition of electrode corrosion. Leaf spring model can only
weaken the influence of electroosmosis,and could not effectively inhibit electrode
corrosion. Adding activated carbon sandwich model promoting the effect of
electroosmosis is most significant. In the practical engineering we need to
comprehensive consideration of various factors so that select to appropriate fracture
treatment scheme.
Key Words: electro-osmosis,cracks treatment,Activated carbon
sandwich,Leaf spring model
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪 论 .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................... 1
1.2 电渗法在工程中的应用 ................................................................................... 2
1.3 电渗法研究现状 ............................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 改变通电方式 ........................................................................................... 4
1.3.2 改进电极材料 ........................................................................................... 5
1.3.3 与其他方法联合作用 ............................................................................... 7
1.4 本文研究内容及思路 ....................................................................................... 8
1.4.1 研究思路及主要内容 ............................................................................... 8
1.4.2 本文创新点 ............................................................................................... 9
1.4.3 技术路线 ................................................................................................... 9
第二章 裂缝分布规律试验研究 .................................................................................. 11
2.1 引言 .................................................................................................................. 11
2.2 电渗模型试验装置 .......................................................................................... 11
2.2.1 试验土样 .................................................................................................. 11
2.2.2 电源 .......................................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 电极 ......................................................................................................... 12
2.2.4 电渗模型箱 ............................................................................................. 12
2.2.5 电渗测量系统 ......................................................................................... 13
2.3 电渗试验方案 ................................................................................................ 14
2.3.1 试验内容 ................................................................................................ 14
2.3.2 试验步骤 ................................................................................................ 14
2.3.3 试验分析 ................................................................................................ 15
2.4 土体裂缝发展规律研究 ................................................................................ 16
2.4.1 裂缝几何参数变化规律 ......................................................................... 16
2.4.2 边界条件对裂缝影响 ............................................................................. 19
2.4.3 通电时间对裂缝影响 ............................................................................. 21
2.5 裂缝对电渗影响 ............................................................................................ 22
2.5.1 横向裂缝消耗电势 ................................................................................. 23
2.5.2 横向裂缝消耗电能 ................................................................................. 25
2.6 工程应用指导 ................................................................................................. 26
2.7 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 26
第三章 裂缝处理理论研究 .......................................................................................... 28
3.1 引言 .................................................................................................................. 28
3.2 有效电场 .......................................................................................................... 28
3.3 电场力变化规律 .............................................................................................. 30
3.4 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 35
第四章 阳极裂缝处理研究 .......................................................................................... 36
4.1 引言 ................................................................................................................. 36
4.2 阳极裂缝处理试验 ......................................................................................... 36
4.2.1 试验装置 ................................................................................................. 36
4.2.2 试验步骤 ................................................................................................ 37
4.3 活性炭处理阳极裂缝试验效果 ..................................................................... 38
4.3.1 排水量与排水速率 ................................................................................. 38
4.3.2 阳极附近消耗电能 ................................................................................. 40
4.3.3 土体含水量变化 ..................................................................................... 42
4.3.4 电极腐蚀 ................................................................................................. 45
4.4 弹簧片电极处理阳极裂缝试验效果 ............................................................. 45
4.4.1 排水量与排水速率 ................................................................................. 45
4.4.2 电渗耗能 ................................................................................................. 48
4.4.3 土体含水量变化 ..................................................................................... 50
4.4.4 电极腐蚀 ................................................................................................. 52
4.5 工程应用指导 ................................................................................................. 53
4.6 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 53
第五章 两极裂缝处理试验研究 .................................................................................. 55
5.1 引言 ................................................................................................................. 55
5.2 试验模型 ......................................................................................................... 55
5.2.1 改进试验模型 ......................................................................................... 55
5.2.2 试验操作程序 ......................................................................................... 56
5.3 试验结果分析 ................................................................................................. 56
5.3.1 排水速率及排水量 ................................................................................. 56
5.3.2 电路中电阻分布特征 ............................................................................. 57
5.3.3 能耗系数 ................................................................................................. 60
5.3.4 电渗土体含水量变化 ............................................................................. 61
5.3.5 电极反应 ................................................................................................. 64
5.4 工程应用指导 ................................................................................................. 64
5.5 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 64
第六章 结论与展望 ...................................................................................................... 66
6.1 本文主要结论 ................................................................................................. 66
6.2 进一步工作的建议 ......................................................................................... 67
参考文献 ........................................................................................................................ 68
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 ............................................ 73
致谢 ............................................................................................................................... 74
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作者：侯斌
分类：高等教育资料
价格：15积分
属性：78 页
大小：3.75MB
格式：PDF
时间：2025-01-09
