制造业企业知识服务平台构建研究

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摘要

制造业是一个国家生产能力和国民经济的支柱，现代制造业正在改变着人们

的生产方式、经营管理模式乃至生活方式。我国制造业企业正处在知识全球化的

知识经济环境中，本人通过阅读和分析大量的文献，发现我国制造业企业还存在

很多的不足，例如在制造技术、知识生产和创新、知识管理等方面，都存在诸多

的不足。因为本体能在语义web和知识层次上描述信息，所以作为一种有效的建模

工具，它得到了越来越多的应用，与此同时，计算机技术和计算机语言也在飞速

地发展，现在出现了很多计算机语言，Java就是一种很好的开源的设计语言。基于

此，本文在研究了本体、知识管理、计算机语言和相关技术的基础上，构建了一

个制造业企业知识服务平台，此平台主要包括硬件环境平台和软件环境平台这两

个方面。此平台对制造业企业具有重要的意义，它可以提高知识生产的速率、突

破知识生产的瓶颈、缩短知识周转的周期、增强知识生产和创新的能力。企业成

员可以通过此平台快速高效地获得自己所需的知识资源，减少无效的知识搜寻时

间，从而缩短知识生产周期，加快知识创新和生产速度。本文的内容主要包括以

下几方面：

1）对我国制造业企业进行知识缺口分析，得出其知识共享障碍的主要因素，

并提出了应对策略。

2）结合Java编程语言、Jena本体推理技术和其他计算机技术，构建了一个硬

件环境平台系统，需要注意的是，必须构建一个完善的本体为此硬件环境平台提

供后台支撑。此平台为知识共享提供了一个良好的硬件环境，这可以提高企业内

部的知识共享程度和用户对知识的查全率和查准率。

3）本文在构建了硬件环境平台之后，以制造业企业工业工程知识为例，构建

了一个本体库，并以此为例作为此平台的后台支撑。运用Protégé本体构建工具构

建了一个制造业企业工业工程知识的初始本体库，在此基础上，通过四步法实现

此本体构建的半自动化，这避免了手工构建本体的繁琐和复杂，提高了本体的构

建效率，减轻了本体的维护和更新工作。

4）从设立专职的知识服务部门、营造知识共享型企业文化、建立并完善知识

共享激励机制三个方面进行分析，构建了一个软件环境平台，为硬件环境平台起

到了很好的保障作用。

关键词：知识缺口知识服务平台本体知识共享硬件环境平台

ABSTRACT

Manufacturing industry is the pillar on national productive capacity and economy

of a country, the modern manufacturing industry changes the production modes of the

people, the management patterns as well as the lifestyles. Nowadays, the manufacturing

industry of our country is in a knowledge-based economy environment with the

globalization of the knowledge, after reading and analyzing lots of literatures, I found

that there are many deficiencies in our manufacturing enterprises, such as

Manufacturing Technology, Knowledge Production and Innovation, Knowledge

Management, there are many deficiencies in such aspects. Because the ontology can

describe the information on the level of knowledge and semantic web, it is applied more

and more frequently as an effective tool to modeling. At the same time, the computer

technology and computer languages are also developing rapidly, there are lots of

computer languages, and the Java is a very good open-source language. Based on those,

this paper studied the ontology, Knowledge Management, computer language and other

related technologies firstly, and then built a Knowledge Service Platform on

manufacturing enterprises, which includes a Hardware Environment Platform and a

Software Environment Platform. This platform has great significance for manufacturing

enterprises, which can increase the rate of Knowledge Production, break through the

bottleneck of Knowledge Production, shorten the cycle of knowledge flow, and enhance

the capability of Knowledge Production and Innovation. The members of enterprises

will be able to get the knowledge resources them needed through this platform, reduce

the invalid search time, shorten the cycle of Knowledge Production, and speed up the

rate of Knowledge Production and Innovation. This paper mainly includes the following

content:

1) This paper analyzed the Knowledge gap obout the manufacturing enterprises of

our country, educed the main factors of Knowledge-sharing obstacles, and referd the

countermeasures.

2) This paper built a Hardware Environment Platform with Java programming

language, the ontology reasoning technoloty of Jena, and other computer technologies.

Note that there is a need to build a perfect ontology for this Hardware Environment

Platform to provide background support. This Hardware Environment Platform

provided a good hardware environment for Knowledge-sharing, which can improve the

extent of Knowledge-sharing within the enterprises and improve the recall rate and

precision rate that the users to search the knowledge.

3) After building the Hardware Environment Platform, taking the industrial

engineering knowledge of manufacturing enterprises as an illustration, this paper built

an ontology, and take this ontology as an example as the background support for this

platform. This paper used the Protégé which is a kind of tools to build the ontology to

build an initial ontology about the industrial engineering knowledge of manufacturing

enterprises, then, built the ontology semiautomaticly through four steps, which can

avoid building the ontology with hand tediously and complexly, and improve the

efficiency of constructing ontology, and reduce the task of maintenancing and updating

the ontology.

4) This paper built a Software Environment Platform through three aspects, such as

establishing a professional knowledge service department, building a

Knowledge-sharing enterprise culture, establishing and improving Knowledge-sharing

incentive mechanism, which did a good guaranteed work for Hardware Environment

Platform.

Key Words: Knowledge gap, Knowledge Service Platform, Ontology,

Knowledge-sharing, Hardware Environment Platform

中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论 ......................................................... 1

§1.1 研究的背景和意义 ............................................. 1

§1.1.1 研究背景 ................................................. 1

§1.1.2 研究意义 ................................................. 2

§1.2 相关领域研究状况 ............................................. 3

§1.3 论文研究的内容与体系结构 ..................................... 4

§1.3.1 论文的研究内容 ........................................... 4

§1.3.2 论文的研究思路 ........................................... 5

§1.4 论文的体系结构 ............................................... 5

第二章相关理论概述 .................................................. 7

§2.1 知识缺口分析的相关理论概述 ................................... 7

§2.1.1 知识缺口概述 ............................................. 7

§2.1.2 解释结构模型法概述 ....................................... 7

§2.1.3 现实树法概述 ............................................. 8

§2.2 硬件环境知识服务平台相关理论概述 ............................ 10

§2.2.1 本体概述 ................................................ 10

§2.2.2 知识管理相关理论概述 .................................... 11

§2.3 软件环境知识服务平台概述 .................................... 13

§2.3.1 共享型企业文化概述 ...................................... 13

§2.3.2 知识共享激励机制概述 .................................... 14

§2.4 本章小结 .................................................... 15

第三章制造业企业知识缺口分析 ....................................... 16

§3.1 引言 ........................................................ 16

§3.2 确定知识共享障碍的相关影响因素 .............................. 16

§3.3 生成邻接短阵和可达矩阵 ...................................... 17

§3.4 划分影响因素级别 ............................................ 19

§3.5 生成分级阶梯结构模型和 CRT ...................................21

§3.6 结果分析 .................................................... 22

§3.7 本章小结 .................................................... 23

第四章制造业企业硬件环境知识服务平台构建 ........................... 24

§4.1 引言 ........................................................ 24

§4.2 平台实现目标 ................................................ 24

§4.3 知识推理功能模块 ............................................ 26

§4.3.1 Jena 推理简介 ............................................ 26

§4.3.2 检索实现过程 ............................................ 27

§4.4 其他功能模块 ................................................ 32

§4.4.1 知识获取及存储功能模块 .................................. 32

§4.4.2 知识浏览功能模块 ........................................ 33

§4.4.3 在线交流功能模块 ........................................ 33

§4.4.4 安全管理功能模块 ........................................ 33

§4.5 其他各功能模块的实现 ........................................ 34

§4.6 本章小结 .................................................... 41

第五章以制造业企业工业工程知识为例构建本体并进行检索 ............... 42

§5.1 语义 WEB 与 ONTOLOGY ............................................ 42

§5.2 本体的构造规则 .............................................. 44

§5.3 构建制造业企业工业工程知识本体 .............................. 44

§5.3.1 初始本体的构建 .......................................... 45

§5.3.2 概念获取 ................................................ 49

§5.4.3 关系获取 ................................................ 53

§5.3.4 新本体生成 ............................................... 55

§5.4 对构建的制造业企业工业工程知识本体实例进行检索 .............. 58

§5.5 本章小结 .................................................... 63

第六章制造业企业软件环境知识服务平台构建 ........................... 64

§6.1 引言 ........................................................ 64

§6.2 设立专职知识服务机构 ........................................ 64

§6.3 营造共享型企业文化 .......................................... 65

§6.3.1 共享型企业文化的特征和要求 .............................. 65

§6.3.2 塑造知识共享型企业文化 .................................. 66

§6.4 共享型激励机制的策略 ........................................ 68

§6.4.1 知识贡献度和几个函数概念 ................................ 68

§6.4.2 员工与企业间的博弈分析 .................................. 69

§6.5 本章小结 .................................................... 72

第七章总结与展望 ................................................... 73

§7.1 总结 ........................................................ 73

§7.2 展望 ........................................................ 74

参考文献 ............................................................ 75

在读期间公开发表的论文及参加科研情况 ................................ 78

致谢 ............................................................. 79

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摘要：

摘要制造业是一个国家生产能力和国民经济的支柱，现代制造业正在改变着人们的生产方式、经营管理模式乃至生活方式。我国制造业企业正处在知识全球化的知识经济环境中，本人通过阅读和分析大量的文献，发现我国制造业企业还存在很多的不足，例如在制造技术、知识生产和创新、知识管理等方面，都存在诸多的不足。因为本体能在语义web和知识层次上描述信息，所以作为一种有效的建模工具，它得到了越来越多的应用，与此同时，计算机技术和计算机语言也在飞速地发展，现在出现了很多计算机语言，Java就是一种很好的开源的设计语言。基于此，本文在研究了本体、知识管理、计算机语言和相关技术的基础上，构建了一个制造业企业知识服务平台，此平...

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