在商业跨文化交际中对文化移情的研究

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3.0 陈辉 2024-11-20 4 4 534.14KB 61 页 15积分

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ABSTRACT

With the development of globalization, intercultural communication has been

becoming increasingly broad. After the successful host of 2008 Olympic Games and

2010 world expo, more and more foreign businessmen are coming to China, attracting

investment and searching business opportunities. Chinese international business trade

is booming. Under such circumstances, good intercultural communicative competence

is quite essential. Undeniably, the level of intercultural communicative competence

lays a vital role in cross-cultural business relationships. Therefore, the cultivation of

intercultural communicative competence is an indispensable part of English teaching.

Currently, many Chinese and foreign researchers have studied and put forward

many views on cultural empathy theoretically. Educators in China also explain their

opinions on cultural empathy in English teaching, but few do the empirical research in

foreign language teaching especially cultural empathy of the English international

trade majors. To cultivate students’ cultural empathy competence, this research aims

to explore the application of cultural empathy in foreign language teaching and

learning.

This thesis introduces the concept of cultural empathy; and designs questionnaire

to investigate international business trade students’ current situation of cultural

empathy. This thesis tries to solve three questions: 1. what is the actual situation of

cultural empathy competence obtained by English International Trade majors? 2.

What kinds of problems do they have in terms of their cultural empathy ability? 3.

How can we cultivate their cultural empathy competence effectively by in-depth

teaching reforms? By adopting the form of multiple choice questions, the author

investigates 100 students of international trade major in Shanghai University of

Science and Technology. The students are respectively from grade one and grade three.

The author presents an overall analysis of the results. Through the analysis, the author

arrives at a conclusion that although the cultural empathy competence and

intercultural competence of students in grade three are much better than those of

students in grade one, they are still at a relatively lower level and leave great room to

be improved.

In all, on the ground of the investigation into students of international trade

major students in Shanghai University of Science and Technology, the author

proposed that cultivation of cultural empathy competence is an effective way of

improving students’ intercultural communicative competence. Educators and experts

should pay further attention to cultural empathy.

Key Words: cultural empathy, intercultural communicative

competence, international business

iii

摘要

随着全球化的不断发展，跨文化交流也日益广泛。中国成功申办奥运会和世

博会之后，越来越多的外国客商来中国招商投资，中国的外贸经济蓬勃发展。在

这种背景下，良好的跨文化交际能力必不可少。不可否认，在跨文化商业交往中，

跨文化能力的高低对外贸经济往来将起到决定性作用。因此，跨文化交际能力的

培养是英语教学中不可或缺的一部分。

目前，许多中外研究者已经从理论上，对文化移情在英语教学中进行了研究

并提出了很多见解。但做实证研究的则微乎其微，而对文化移情在英语国际贸易

专业外语教学中的应用更是几乎没有。本文旨在探索文化移情在英语国际贸易专

业外语教学领域的实际应用，培养国际贸易专业学生的文化移情能力。

本文引入了文化移情这一概念，并设计调查问卷研究英语国际贸易专业学生

的文化移情状况。本文试图解决三个问题：1）英语国际贸易专业学生在跨文化

商业交际中文化移情能力现状是怎样的？（2）英语国际贸易专业学生在跨文化

商业交际时，在文化移情能力方面有何问题？（3）如何通过深入的教学改革有

效培养英语国际贸易专业学生在跨文化商业交际的文化移情能力？作者采用单

项选择题的形式对上海理工大学英语国际贸易专业大一大三 100 名学生进行了

调查。作者对调查结果进行了全面的分析。经过调查分析，作者得出结论：大三

学生的文化移情能力显然比大一学生的高；但不论是大三学生还是大一学生，他

们的文化移情能力都有待提高。

总之，作者在对上海理工大学英语英语国际贸易专业专业学生文化移情能力

进行调查的基础上，提出文化移情能力的培养，是提高英语国际贸易专业专业学

生跨文化交际能力的有效途径。

关键词：文化移情跨文化交际能力国际贸易

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements..................................................................................................ⅰ

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………… ⅱ

摘要………………………………………………………………………................ⅲ

ChapterOne Introduction………………………………………………………..1

§1.1 Background of the Study………………………………………………...1

§1.2 Cultural Empathy………………………………………………………...3

§1.3 Significance of the Study………………………………………………...4

§1.4 Organization of the Thesis……………………………………………….6

ChapterTwo Literature Review………………………………………………….8

§2.1 Culture and Cross-cultural Communication……………………………...8

§2.2 Barriers in Cross-cultural Business Communication ……………………9

§2.2.1 Ethnocentrism…………………………………………………….10

§2.2.2 Stereotyping………………………………………….....................11

§2.2.3 Prejudice…………………………………………………………..12

§2.2.4 Assumption of Similarity………………………………………….12

§2.3 Introduction of Cultural Empathy………………………………………… 13

§2.3.1 Origin and Definition……………………………………………...13

§2.3.2 Characteristics of Cultural Empathy in Cross-cultural Business

Communication…………………………………………………..14

§2.4 Previous Studies on Cultural Empathy both at Abroad and in China………15

§2.4.1 The Studies on Cultural Empathy at Abroad……………………...16

§2.4.2 The Studies on Cultural Empathy in China……………………….18

§2.5 The Application of Cultural Empathy in Cross-cultural Business

Communication………………………………………………………...21

§2.5.1 Cross-cultural Business communication and cultural empathy…..21

§2.5.2 Cross-cultural Business Communicative Competence and Cultural

Empathy Competence……………………………………………..21

§2.5.3 Cultural Empathy in the Cross-cultural Business Communication

Process………………………………………………………….. ..23

ChapterThree Methodology………………………………………………………26

§3.1 Objectives……………………………………………………………….. 26

§3.2 Subjects…………………………………………………….......................26

§3.3 Instruments………………………………………………………………..27

§3.4 Data Collection……………………………………………………………27

§3.5 Validity and Reliability……………………………………........................28

ChapterFour Results and Discussion…………………………………………… .29

§4.1 Analysis of the Self-evaluation on Cultural Empathy Competence………29

§4.1.1 The Result and Analysis of Participants’ Self-evaluation on

Motivation………………………………………………………29

§4.1.2 The Result and Analysis of Participants’ Self-evaluation on Self

Focus……………………………………………………………31

§4.1.3 The Result and Analysis of Participants’ Self-evaluation on Cultural

knowledge…………………………………………....................33

§4.1.4 The Result and Analysis of Participants’ Self-evaluation on Cultural

Empathy…………………………………………………………35

§4.2 Suggestions for Cultivating Cultural Empathy Competence in Theory….37

§4.2.1 Bennett’s Six-step Model for Establishing Cultural Empathy…….37

§4.2.2 Establishing Multicultural Awareness……………………………..38

§4.2.3 Cultivating Students’ Cultural Sensitivity…………………………38

§4.2.4 Cultivating Students’ Cultural Acclimation Competence…………39

§4.2.5 Cultivating Verbal Communicative Competence………………….40

§4.2.6 Cultivating Non-verbal Communicative Competence…………….41

§4.3 Suggestions for Cultivating Cultural Empathy Competence in Practice…43

§4.3.1 The Demands on Teachers and Text-book Writers………………..43

§4.3.2 Creating Various Contexts………………………………………...45

§4.3.3 Making Full Use of Videos………………………………………..45

§4.3.4 Supplying Lectures………………………………………………..47

§4.3.5 Advocating Extensive Reading……………………………………47

ChapterFive Conclusion...........................................................................................49

§5.1 Summary of the Research…………………………………………...49

§5.2 Limitations of the Research…………………………………………50

§5.3 Suggestions for Further Research…………………………………...51

BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………..52

Appendix…………………………………………………………………………….55

在读期间公开发表的论文.…………………………………………………………58

Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

International business is defined as transactions which are devised and

carried out across national borders to satisfy the objectives of individuals and

organizations.(Huang Weiping, 1998: 85) How does cross-cultural business

happen? This is because human beings have different kinds of needs in the world,

while every country has its own limited resources to produce certain amounts of

goods. There is supposed to be global exchanges to meet people’s different

requirements.

There are several reasons accounting for the existence of international

business. The first reason is that no country even the most developed one can

make all the goods which people want and need. The second one is that if a

country becomes self-dependent, other countries will be willing to get along with

that country to meet their own people’s needs. The last but not the least reason is

that some countries like China have rich natural resources but lack technology,

while countries such as Japan have advanced technology but only a few natural

resources. Cross-cultural business communication enables such kinds of nations

to exchange what they need in a mutually beneficial way.

International business can bring a lot of benefit to countries. “In a free

business trade, the exchanges of products and services among countries has no

political or economic trading barriers, which to some extent greatly promotes the

regional and global economy.”(William G Nickels, James M. Mchugh. 2002:65 )

“Business is any activity that seeks profit by supplying goods and services to

others ”. (William G Nickels 2002:4)

“International trade involves the exchange of goods and services between

nations” (Lois Schneider, 1997: 87) The business activities are carried out in a

cross-cultural way. Cross-cultural business includes advertising, negotiation,

cross-country enterprises and international trade, and so on. These activities are

the trend of global economy.

Depending on what a country produces and needs, it can export and import. A

company can choose various methods to establish their business in a foreign

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摘要：

iiABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofglobalization,interculturalcommunicationhasbeenbecomingincreasinglybroad.Afterthesuccessfulhostof2008OlympicGamesand2010worldexpo,moreandmoreforeignbusinessmenarecomingtoChina,attractinginvestmentandsearchingbusinessopportunities.Chineseinternationalbusinesstradeisboomi...

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