药瓶自动装盒机的设计与开发

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摘要

自动装盒机械的结构与产品的包装方式、生产工艺有着直接的关系，它的设

计研究涉及机械、材料、电子、控制及其它学科的知识理论。它的构成复杂，产

品品种、形式和规格多种多样。计算机辅助设计应用于包装机械行业，方便产品

开发人员设计、修改对应图纸，同时可根据相关图纸进行数据共享。而有限元分

析软件应用于产品结构设计，与辅助设计软件相结合，实现产品设计与工程分析

的相结合，结构优化逐步得到应用。

本文着重阐述了药品包装领域的药瓶自动装盒机的设计流程，通过实际设计

来验证设计流程的可行性。从项目总体方案设计、方案选择、具体部件系统设计

到整个虚拟样机的建立，研制开发的药瓶自动装盒机结构合理、功能齐全、生产

效率高、稳定性好、成本低、易于维护检修，基本达到了合作方的要求。

本文的研究过程及成果主要包括：自动装盒机的设计流程；装盒机生产工艺

流程的研究；细化设备关键部件系统的结构设计，着重对供料系统和纸盒开闭执

行机构的结构作深入的研究，并提出一种全新的说明书供送方案；在无实体模型

进行实验模态分析的前提下，对八工位转盘结构模型进行有限元模态分析，证明

了此结构是较为合理的；结合装盒生产工艺特点和设备自身特点，分析了设备生

产时控制系统应具有的基本功能，提出几种实施方案进行对比，最终确定了以 PLC

为主控器的控制方案，完成了控制系统的总体设计、电气原理设计和程序设计；

最后，论文客观地总结了课题所取得的成果以及存在的问题，提出了课题后续的

研究方向和内容。

关键词：自动装盒机设计流程工艺流程虚拟样机模态分析

控制

ABSTRACT

The structure of automatic cartoning machine has a direct relationship with product

packaging and production process, which involves machinery, materials, electronics,

control theory and knowledge of other disciplines. And it is a complex design with

various form and size. It is convenient for designers of product-developments to design

or modify the corresponding drawings, as well as share the data of relevant drawings’

by use of computer-aided design in packaging machinery industry. And finite element

analysis software used in the product structure design integrated with CAD software

achieves combination of product design and engineering analysis, and then the

structural optimization is gradually applied during designing.

In this paper, design process of automatic bottle cartoning machine is introduced,

the feasibility of which is verified by the actual design. From the overall project design,

program selection, the specific parts of the system design to the establishment of the

virtual prototype, the automatic bottle cartoning machine developed with reasonable

structure, complete function, high efficiency, good stability, low cost and easy

maintenance or overhaul, basically reaches the requirements of partners’.

The process and results of this study include: design process of automatic

cartoning machine, research on process of cartoning machine production, the structural

design of refining equipment on key components of the system: focus on deep study

about the structure of the feed system and the opening and closing box implementing

agencies and propose a new specification for sending programs, modal analysis of

eight-position rotary finite element model proves that this structure is more reasonable

in the premise with absence of physical model experimental modal analysis. Analyze the

basic functions of the equipment system in production and propose several

implementation options for comparing according to characteristics of production

process and equipments in automatic bottle cartoning machine, then set the cotrolling

program including completed controlling system design, electrical design and

programming principles based on PLC-based controller. Finally, the thesis objectively

summarizes results achieved as well as problems presented, then put forward research

topics for the next procedure.

Key Words: Automatic cartoning machine, Design flow, Technological

process, Virtual prototyping, Modal analysis, Control

摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论 .......................................................................................................1

§1.1 自动装盒机概述 ...........................................................................................1

§1.2 研究背景及课题来源 ...................................................................................2

§1.2.1 研究背景 ................................................................................................ 2

§1.2.2 课题的来源 ............................................................................................ 3

§1.3 国内外发展现状及发展趋势 .......................................................................3

§1.4 本论文研究内容 ...........................................................................................6

§1.4.1 本论文研究方向 .................................................................................... 6

§1.4.2 论文的组织结构 .................................................................................... 7

第二章自动装盒机总体方案设计 .......................................................................8

§2.1 自动装盒机设计的步骤 ...............................................................................8

§2.1.1 计划阶段 ................................................................................................ 9

§2.1.2 方案设计阶段 ........................................................................................ 9

§2.1.3 技术设计阶段 ........................................................................................ 9

§2.1.4 技术文件编制阶段 .............................................................................. 10

§2.2 确定功能与应用范围 .................................................................................10

§2.2.1 自动装盒机的构成 .............................................................................. 10

§2.2.2 药瓶自动装盒机的功能与应用范围 .................................................. 11

§2.3 工艺分析 .....................................................................................................12

§2.3.1 工艺分析概述 ...................................................................................... 12

§2.3.2 自动装盒机工艺流程方案 .................................................................. 15

§2.4 自动装盒机总体布局 .................................................................................18

§2.4.1 布置执行机构 ...................................................................................... 18

§2.4.2 布置传动系统 ...................................................................................... 18

§2.4.3 布置操作件 .......................................................................................... 19

§2.4.4 选择支撑形式 ...................................................................................... 19

§2.4.5 绘制总体布局图 .................................................................................. 20

§2.5 自动装盒机主要参数的确定 .....................................................................20

§2.6 本章小结 .....................................................................................................21

药瓶自动装盒机的设计与开发

第三章自动装盒机关键部件结构设计 .............................................................22

§3.1 传动系统结构设计 .....................................................................................22

§3.1.1 拟定传动方案 ...................................................................................... 22

§3.1.2 传动方案设计计算 .............................................................................. 23

§3.2 供送系统结构设计 .....................................................................................24

§3.2.1 说明书供送系统 .................................................................................. 24

§3.2.2 药瓶供送系统 ...................................................................................... 37

§3.2.3 机包盒供送系统 .................................................................................. 40

§3.3 执行与输出系统结构设计 .........................................................................48

§3.4 机体结构设计 .............................................................................................53

§3.4.1 机体的作用与要求 .............................................................................. 53

§3.4.2 机体的具体设计 .................................................................................. 54

§3.5 虚拟总装配 .................................................................................................54

§3.6 本章小结 .....................................................................................................55

第四章八工位转盘结构的模态分析 .................................................................56

§4.1 有限元模态分析基础理论 .........................................................................56

§4.1.1 有限元法概述 ...................................................................................... 56

§4.1.2 阻尼矩阵及自振特性基本方程 .......................................................... 56

§4.1.3 模态分析的步骤 .................................................................................. 58

§4.2 模态分析目标 .............................................................................................58

§4.3 有限元模型的建立 .....................................................................................58

§4.4 模态分析前处理 .........................................................................................59

§4.5 模态分析结果及后处理 .............................................................................61

§4.6 本章小结 .....................................................................................................62

第五章控制系统设计 .........................................................................................63

§5.1 控制系统总体设计 .....................................................................................63

§5.1.1 控制系统功能分析 .............................................................................. 63

§5.1.2 控制方案比较 ...................................................................................... 64

§5.1.3 控制系统硬件总体构成 ...................................................................... 65

§5.2 控制系统电气原理图 .................................................................................66

§5.3 程序流程图 .................................................................................................70

§5.4 本章小结 .....................................................................................................71

第六章总结与展望 .............................................................................................73

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摘要：

摘要自动装盒机械的结构与产品的包装方式、生产工艺有着直接的关系，它的设计研究涉及机械、材料、电子、控制及其它学科的知识理论。它的构成复杂，产品品种、形式和规格多种多样。计算机辅助设计应用于包装机械行业，方便产品开发人员设计、修改对应图纸，同时可根据相关图纸进行数据共享。而有限元分析软件应用于产品结构设计，与辅助设计软件相结合，实现产品设计与工程分析的相结合，结构优化逐步得到应用。本文着重阐述了药品包装领域的药瓶自动装盒机的设计流程，通过实际设计来验证设计流程的可行性。从项目总体方案设计、方案选择、具体部件系统设计到整个虚拟样机的建立，研制开发的药瓶自动装盒机结构合理、功能齐全、生产效率高、稳定...

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