ABSTRACT
As is well known to all, energy saving and environmental protection are the two
priority themes of scientific & technological development in the 21st century. Due to
energy consumption and environmental risk of traditional refrigerants that are widely
used in refrigeration and air conditioning and heat pump systems, system's energy
efficiency and substitution of refrigerants were seen to be the forefront of engineering
thermal physics project. In the vapor compression refrigeration and heat pump cycle,
the thermal properties of working fluid play an important role on the cycle. It can be
said that the progress of refrigeration and heat pump is the perfection of cycle device
and upgrade of working fluid. In this paper, the theoretical analysis of CO2 heat pump
water heater, computer simulation and experimental studies were carried out.
1、The physical properties of CO2 were analyzed, such as specific heat, thermal
conductivity coefficient, specific volume, dynamic viscosity and so on; the forced
convection boiling heat transfer correlations in sub-critical area and forced convective
heat transfer correlations in supercritical area were analyzed and the heat transfer
correlations which apply to heat exchanger designed were selected. Effect of gas cooler
outlet temperature, evaporation temperature, suction superheat, compressor efficiency
and optimum high pressure on system performance is discussed, and then the methods
of improving cycle performance are proposed, which include decreasing gas cooler
outlet temperature, increasing evaporation temperature and compressor efficiency.
2、In the paper, steady-state distributed-parameter model for gas cooler was
established. The model has been used to simulate the heat exchange and the
temperature distributing of refrigerant and water in gas cooler, and analyze the
influence of water inlet temperature and refrigerant flow etc on the heat exchange and
the temperature distributing of refrigerant and water.
3、The transcritical CO2 heat pump water heater system was built in the laboratory.
The components of system,the research goal,content and experimental process were
explained in this paper.
Key Word: carbon dioxide, Trans-critical cycle, heat pump water
heater, gas cooler, simulation