医用止血钳钳口压力测量技术的研究

VIP免费
3.0 陈辉 2024-11-19 5 4 1.28MB 56 页 15积分
侵权投诉
I
摘 要
手术器械是医生在手术中必不可少的工具。近年来,无创和微创外科手术正
在取代多种标准的手术方式。心脏外科手术中则需要配置专用的无创手术器械,
其中无创伤性的钳和镊等要求精细而可靠,有效闭合血管和不损伤血管壁,主要
的性能要求是在手术中既要阻断血管,但又不能损伤血管,除了唇头齿的影响外,
必须选择最佳夹持力,以达到既阻断又不损伤血管,否则会在手术中出现渗血或
大出血的后果,甚至造成患者因大出血而死亡的严重医疗器械不良事件。
目前国外品牌的止血夹产品每件上均标有夹持力数值,让医生合理选择用于
夹持何种血管止血,以保证手术安全、可靠、有效。而目前国内医院或企业对医
用止血钳钳口压力的测量仍然停留在人工阶段,检验人员通过对产品必要的构造
特征和功能特点进行目测检查和测试。
本文利用现代新型的传感器技术,提供可靠的测试方案,研究如何较准确地
测量各种类型的医用止血钳夹持力、止血夹闭合力。本文开发了医用止血钳钳口
压力测量系统,本系统采用了 Interlink Electronics FSRForce Sensing
Resistor传感器和与之配套的 Phidgets 公司的 1121 分压器、PhidgetInterfaceKit 8/8/8
数据采集设备作为硬件设备,经 USBUniversal Serial Bus,通用串行总线)接口
进入计算机;软件部分实现了医用止血钳钳口压力测量系统的数据采集、系统标
定、标定结果的存储与调用、钳口压力的测量、测量结果的标签打印和报表打印;
然后讨论了系统的标定方法,选择出了适合于本测量系统的标定方法。其次利用
本课题设计的医用止血钳钳口压力测量系统测量上海医疗器械(集团)有限公司
手术器械厂生产的止血钳和止血夹,验证系统的重复性和可靠性,同一止血钳的
重复性最大相差 3.20g最后,通过实验,结合人体血管壁的厚度指出 JZ
(金钟牌)
XAA040 止血钳适用于静脉血管的止血等等。本测量系统的设计为制造商、手术器
械检测人员和临床医生的使用提供了直观的参考数据。整个项目有利于我国手术
器械检测技术的进一步提升,能够提高产品竞争力。
关键词:医用止血钳 钳口压力 测量 数据采集 标定
II
ABSTRACT
In surgery, surgical instruments are essential tools. In recent years, non-invasive
and minimally invasive surgeries are replacing many standard surgical approaches. In
cardiac surgery, dedicated non-invasive surgical instruments are needed. Meticulous and
reliable are needed in non-invasive clamps and tweezers. Theirs performance
requirements are block the vascular, but cannot damage the vessels’ walls in surgery. In
addition to the influence of ratchet of the head of hemostat, the best values of clamping
force must be chosen for achieving to block the blood and not damage the vessels’ walls.
Otherwise it will appear in the surgical to bleed, even to result in death duo to bleeding.
Currently foreign each hemostat is marked with clamping force values, which
allows doctors to decide what a reasonable choice for clamping blood vessels to stop
bleeding in order to ensure safe operation, reliable and effective. But in domestic
enterprises and hospitals, medical clamp jaw pressure measurements remain in the
artificial stage. Inspectors implement of the visual inspection and testing according to
structural and functional characteristics of the product.
Using modern new sensor technology, the subject provides reliable testing program
and studies how to more accurately measure the various types of medical hemostats’
clamp force. A measuring system of clamping force of hemostats has been developed in
the project. In hardware, FSR sensors (Force Sensing Resistor) of Interlink Electronics
company, 1121 voltage divider and PhidgetInterfaceKit 8/8/8 data acquisition
equipment of Phidgets company have been used. PhidgetInterfaceKit 8/8/8 data
acquisition equipment are been connected to PC (Personal Computer) by USB
(Universal Serial Bus). In software, some modules have been achieved, such as data
acquisition, system calibration, storage and retrieve of results of calibration, jaw
pressure measurement, label printing and report printing of measurement results. Then
two methods for calibrating have been discussed, and the one of the two has been
determined. Finally repeatability and reliability of the system have been verified. The
biggest repetitive difference of the same hemostat is 3.20g. At the same time, according
to some experiments it has been proved that JZ XAA040 hemostats are fit for veins for
bleeding Etc. The measurement system can provide a reference for manufacturers,
inspectors of surgical instrument and clinicians. The whole project will further enhance
III
the detection technology and improve product competitiveness.
Key words: Medical clamp, Jaw pressure, Measurement, Data
acquisition, Calibration
IV
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪 论 ...................................................................................................................1
§1.1 医用止血钳简介 ................................................................................................1
§1.2 虚拟仪器 LabVIEW 与数据采集简介 .............................................................3
§1.2.1 虚拟仪器 ..................................................................................................3
§1.2.2 LabVIEW 基本术语 ................................................................................5
§1.2.3 LabVIEW 与数据采集 ............................................................................5
§1.2.4 LabVIEW 的发展 ....................................................................................6
§1.3 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................6
§1.3.1 压力分布测量系统的国内外研究现状 ..................................................6
§1.3.2 钳口压力测量的研究 ..............................................................................7
§1.4 课题来源及意义 ................................................................................................8
§1.4.1 课题来源 ..................................................................................................8
§1.4.2 课题意义 ..................................................................................................9
§1.5 本课题的主要研究目的和内容 ........................................................................9
§1.6 论文章节安排 ..................................................................................................10
第二章 钳口压力测量系统硬件设计 ...........................................................................11
§2.1 传感器 ..............................................................................................................12
§2.1.1 FSR 压力传感器 ................................................................................... 12
§2.1.2 FSR 压力传感器布局 ........................................................................... 15
§2.2 压力信号采集模块 ..........................................................................................16
§2.2.1 1121 分压器 ...........................................................................................17
§2.2.2 1018-PhidgetInterfaceKit 8/8/8 ............................................................. 18
§2.3 硬件系统的屏蔽设计 ......................................................................................20
§2.4 本章小结 ..........................................................................................................21
第三章 钳口压力测量系统软件设计 ...........................................................................22
§3.1 软件系统设计总体框架 ..................................................................................22
§3.2 压力信号采集 ..................................................................................................24
§3.3 系统标定模块 ..................................................................................................24
§3.3.1 测量系统的标定模块 ............................................................................25
§3.3.2 标定结果的存储、读取模块 ................................................................27
V
§3.4 压力信号测量模块 ..........................................................................................29
§3.5 打印模块 ..........................................................................................................30
§3.5.1 标签打印 ................................................................................................31
§3.5.2 报表打印 ................................................................................................32
§3.6 本章小结 ..........................................................................................................33
第四章 压力测量系统的测试验证 ...............................................................................34
§4.1 本系统两种标定方法的理论基础 ..................................................................34
§4.1.1 最小二乘法线性拟合的标定方法 ........................................................34
§4.1.2 单点标定方法 ........................................................................................35
§4.2 最小二乘法线性拟合标定方法的系统测试验证 ..........................................36
§4.2.1 系统测试验证的指标 ............................................................................36
§4.2.2 医用止血夹的系统测试验证 ................................................................37
§4.3 单点标定方法的系统测试验证 ......................................................................39
§4.3.1 单点标定方法中标定点的选择 ............................................................39
§4.3.2 医用止血夹的系统测试验证 ................................................................42
§4.3.3 医用止血钳的系统测试验证 ................................................................44
§4.3.4 微型止血夹的系统测试验证 ................................................................46
§4.4 本章小结 ..........................................................................................................47
第五章 课题分析总结与展望 .......................................................................................48
§5.1 课题创新之处与总结 ......................................................................................48
§5.1.1 课题创新之处 ........................................................................................48
§5.1.2 课题总结 ................................................................................................48
§5.2 课题不足与展望 ..............................................................................................49
§5.2.1 课题不足 ................................................................................................49
§5.2.2 课题展望 ................................................................................................49
参考文献 .........................................................................................................................50
在读期间公开发表的论文及承担科研项目及研究成果 .............................................52
.............................................................................................................................53
第一章 绪论
1
第一章 绪 论
§1.1 医用止血钳简介
止血钳是一种通过夹住血管实现血液阻断的外科手术器械,适用于心胸外科
的心脏搭桥、修补、换瓣、肺切除以及开颅等重要手术。
JZ[1](金钟牌)新版医用止血钳(如图 1-1 所示)规格较多,手柄部分档位较
普通止血钳多,头部形态各异、齿形多样(单齿、双齿、1×2 凹凸齿、3 凹凸齿,
如图 1-2 所示)以适应各种血管的夹持。新版医用止血钳的品种规格有 68 个,
为:血管钳、腔静脉钳、主动脉钳、肺动脉钳、侧壁钳、阻断钳,可基本满足各
种手术的需要。
1-1 JZ(金钟牌)新版医用止血钳
1-2 医用止血钳齿形示意图
JZ 新版医用止血钳在加工工艺方面做了很大改进,尤其是:新版医用止血钳
摘要:

I摘要手术器械是医生在手术中必不可少的工具。近年来,无创和微创外科手术正在取代多种标准的手术方式。心脏外科手术中则需要配置专用的无创手术器械,其中无创伤性的钳和镊等要求精细而可靠,有效闭合血管和不损伤血管壁,主要的性能要求是在手术中既要阻断血管,但又不能损伤血管,除了唇头齿的影响外,必须选择最佳夹持力,以达到既阻断又不损伤血管,否则会在手术中出现渗血或大出血的后果,甚至造成患者因大出血而死亡的严重医疗器械不良事件。目前国外品牌的止血夹产品每件上均标有夹持力数值,让医生合理选择用于夹持何种血管止血,以保证手术安全、可靠、有效。而目前国内医院或企业对医用止血钳钳口压力的测量仍然停留在人工阶段,检验...

展开>> 收起<<
医用止血钳钳口压力测量技术的研究.pdf

共56页,预览6页

还剩页未读, 继续阅读

作者:陈辉 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:56 页 大小:1.28MB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

开通VIP享超值会员特权

  • 多端同步记录
  • 高速下载文档
  • 免费文档工具
  • 分享文档赚钱
  • 每日登录抽奖
  • 优质衍生服务
/ 56
客服
关注