ABSTRACT
China's reform and opening up 30 years, great achievements in economic
development, income distribution, while the average from the initial polarization state
doctrine to the development of the widening income gap is not only intensified social
conflicts, damage to social justice, but also on the reform and opening up Legitimacy
challenges, it is urgent to solve the problem of income distribution.
In this paper, beyond the production function of the number, the use of marginal
product of capital, cost of capital and enterprise reform in China since more than
proved that there is a negative factor price distortions in the capital, and found that
with economic development, financial deepening and the marginal product of capital
Decreasing degree of this distortion is gradually reduced, the price of capital relative
to its normal price is convergence. This shows that reform and opening up 30 years of
production factors market has made great progress.
Factor price distortions in the capital of the reason that, due to progressive
incremental reform, prices of non-market factors of production, the policy path
dependence and administrative allocation of resources is distorted factor prices for
capital and the main reason.Not only the capital element of the price distortions led to
the allocation of resources is not the economy, also affect changes in income
distribution. In fact, the capital of the price distortions are the inevitable result of
financial repression in developing countries, mainly through control of interest rates
in credit markets and credit control of the size of the opportunity cost of credit from
its price, making the existing statutory deposit and lending rates below market Real
interest rates. Credit funds and credit rationing price distortions from three aspects
lead to the intensification of income redistribution. First, the inflation tax, so in the
presence of inflation, since inflation debtor's profits, the creditor be damaged, which
makes the depositors to fund suppliers as part of the income should be in the form of
subsidies through the inflation tax to Demanders of funds - banks and businesses.
Second, the scale of interest rate controls and credit controls, leading to the statutory
interest rate lower than market interest rates, which in turn lead to market
segmentation and increased credit rationing effect, creating opportunities for rent
located, a large number of rental breed corruption and lead to leakage of funds, which
from Corrosion of both social and economic system of market economy basis. Finally,
interest rate control and scale control system and derive a series of co-ordinated with
the capital market regulatory system, which makes the non-market-oriented capital