无线传感器网络的多信道协议研究

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3.0 高德中 2024-11-19 5 4 746.11KB 62 页 15积分
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无线传感器网络(WSN)是由布在监测区域内的大量传感器节点构成,节点之
间通过无线信形多跳自组网络感器点中
类型感器线传感网络可以对周环境进行监测温度湿度
强度压力类所现象
随着越来越无线设备共同工作2.4GHz ISM 段,干扰问题益受到
世界范围广泛WSN 干扰主个方网络内部节点间
相互干扰第二通信设备环境因素变化WSN 成的干扰第三
一个区域传感器网络用。MAC 协议直接网络性能
MAC 协议多信MAC 协议可以道状态动态地
从而具较强抗干扰能力
本文首先研究有的多信协议,分各种实现原理和
WSN 抗干扰问题本文结合 CTP 协议提TinyOS 多信道协议
介绍其中道划分、手机制和扰策略并定件。通过
实验WLAN 干扰对无线传感器网络传性能的影初步实验研究
CTP 协议机制,同时也显示WLAN WSN 的影WSN
功率小-10dBm CTP WSN 无法组网;当 WLAN
心频率与 WSN 心频CTP WSN 信标比例与显著增
最后本文多信协议行了初步验验实验表明到干扰
RSSI 所下但切换RSSI 值会集中布在[-45dBm,-60dBm]
之间显示多信道协议WLAN 干扰作用。
关键线感器网络 信道协议 干扰 聚树协议 MAC 协议
ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes
distributed in the monitoring area, and the nodes form a self-organizing multi-hop
network via short-range wireless communication. With different types of sensors, WSN
can monitor the surrounding environment, including temperature, humidity, light
intensity, pressure, sound, and many other physical phenomena interested to human
beings.
As more and more wireless devices work in the 2.4GHz ISM band, the problem of
interference has aroused worldwide attention. The interference on WSN is mainly from
three aspects: first, intra-network interference; second, external interference from the
other wireless devices; third, interference from geographically overlapping WSN
networks. Because MAC protocol will directly affect the network's overall performance,
compared with the single-channel MAC protocol, multi-channel MAC protocol can
dynamically distribute channel according to the link quality, which has a strong
anti-interference ability.
This paper studies the existing multi-channel protocol, and analyses their principles
and the distinction between each other. To mitigate the effect of WLAN interference on
WSN, this paper combines CTP with anti-interference strategy and proposes a
multi-channel protocol based on TinyOS, including channel distribution, the handshake
mechanism, anti-interference strategy and the related components definition. We
experimentally investigate the effects of WLAN interference on packet delivery
performance in WSN. Preliminary experimental study verifies the CTP protocol
adaptive mechanism, but also shows the impact of WLAN on WSN. When RF output
power is less than -10dBm, a wireless sensor network cannot construct successfully;
when the center frequency of a WSN overlap that of a WLAN, the ratio of beacons to
total traffic in the WSN and the average hops increase significantly. We also test the
multi-channel protocol; the result shows that RSSI will drop because of WLAN
interference, but after channel diversity the RSSI will gradually distribute between
-45dBm and -60dBm again, which can show that the multi-channel protocol plays a role
in the resistance of WLAN interference.
Key word: Wireless sensor network, Multi-channel, Interference
CTP , MAC protocol
摘要
ABSTRACT
....................................................... 1
§1.1 无线传感器网络概述及 ................................... 1
§1.2 背景 ................................................... 3
§1.3 国内外研究现状 ............................................. 4
§1.4 论文的内容和安排 ................................... 5
第二 多信协议研究 ........................................ 7
§2.1 多信MAC 协议 ............................................. 7
§2.1.1 MMSN ................................................... 7
§2.1.2 McMAC .................................................. 7
§2.1.3 TFMAC .................................................. 8
§2.1.4 TMCP ................................................... 8
§2.2 B-MAC 协议原 ............................................. 8
§2.2.1 B-MAC ........................................ 9
§2.2.2 空闲评估 CCA 机制 ................................... 9
§2.2.3 退避 .............................................. 10
§2.2.4 低功耗侦听 LPL 机制 ..................................... 10
§2.3 章小 .................................................. 11
第三 聚树协议 CTP 的分 ....................................... 12
§3.1 协议 .................................................. 12
§3.2 链路质估计 .............................................. 13
§3.2.1 LEEP ................................................ 13
§3.2.2 链路估计 ...................................... 14
§3.3 CTP 协议原 .............................................. 16
§3.3.1 CTP ............................................. 16
§3.3.2 数据机制 .......................................... 17
§3.3.3 信标机制 ........................................ 17
§3.3.4 维护 .............................................. 18
§3.3.4.1 ................................ 18
§3.3.5 数据 .............................................. 19
§3.3.5.1 CTP 数据 ......................................... 20
§3.3.5.2 客户端数据队列 .................................... 21
§3.3.5.3 队列 ...................................... 22
§3.3.5.4 送定 ........................................ 22
§3.3.5.5 .......................................... 22
§3.4 CTP 实现 ................................................ 24
§3.4.1 CTP 协议 ....................................... 24
§3.4.2 链路估计层实现 ........................................ 25
§3.4.2.1 LEEP 链路估计(B估计) .................... 25
§3.4.2.2 ACK 链路估计(D估计) ..................... 26
§3.4.2 由引实现 .......................................... 27
§3.4.3 发引实现 .......................................... 28
§3.5 章小 .................................................. 30
四章 TinyOS 多信道协议实现 ............................ 31
§4.1 多信道协议设 ...................................... 31
§4.2 .................................................. 31
§4.2.1 道划 ............................................... 32
§4.2.2 手机制 .............................................. 32
§4.2.3 抗干扰策略 ............................................ 33
§4.2.4 流程 .............................................. 34
§4.3 多信道协议框架 ............................................ 35
§4.4 多信道协议主 .................................... 36
§4.4.1 CSC ............................................... 37
§4.4.2 CSW ............................................... 37
§4.5 章小 .................................................. 38
五章 干扰WSN 的影多信道协议实验研究 ..................... 40
§5.1 平台 .............................................. 40
§5.2 平台 .............................................. 41
§5.2.1 上位机 ........................................ 41
§5.2.1 WSN 网络 ......................................... 43
§5.3 WLAN WSN 干扰实验 ..................................... 45
§5.3.1 实验 .............................................. 45
§5.3.2 实验设备 .............................................. 46
§5.3.3 实验环境搭建 .......................................... 46
§5.3.4 实验结.......................................... 47
§5.3.5 .................................................. 49
§5.4 多信道协议验实验 ........................................ 49
§5.4.1 实验.............................................. 49
§5.4.2 实验设备 .............................................. 50
§5.4.3 实验环境搭建 .......................................... 50
§5.4.4 实验结.......................................... 50
§5.5 章小.................................................. 50
六章 总展望................................................. 52
§6.1 本文.................................................. 52
§6.2 后续工作 .................................................. 52
.......................................................... 54
1
第一章 绪论
§1.1 线概述发展
无线通信技术成电MEMS 感器技术的日
无线传感器网络WSNwireless sensor network技术迅猛,同传感
逐渐网络[1]
WSN 产生满足了人无所不在网络需求,将 Internet 虚拟网络延伸
现实物世界,将 逻辑上的世界世界在一[2]无线传感器
网络可以实现任何、电之间相互通信从而感测
的行类所下的指做出相应了人的交方式
WSN 是由布在监测区域内的大量传感器节点构成,节点之间通过短距离无
线通信形个多跳网络器节点中类型感器
无线传网络可以对周环境进行监测括温度湿度强度压力
类所现象[3]传感器节点之间相互协,以 多跳中方式
将数据节点实现网络据采过网关,线传器网络
可以接到网络实现线传感器之间相互通信无线
传感器网络将采数据给远户也可以通过节点无线传
感器网络进行理、发布监测任1-1 是一个无线传感器网络
可以线感器网络备三器节点,汇
节点网络卫星GPRS
1-1 WSN
WSN 位,传感器节点是一个平台
摘要:

摘要无线传感器网络(WSN)是由分布在监测区域内的大量传感器节点构成,节点之间通过短距离无线通信形成一个多跳的自组织网络。利用传感器节点中内置的不同类型传感器,无线传感器网络可以对周围环境进行监测,包括温度、湿度、光强度、压力、声音等众多人类所关心的物理现象。随着越来越多的无线设备共同工作在2.4GHzISM频段,干扰问题日益受到全世界范围的广泛关注。WSN的干扰主要来自三个方面:第一,网络内部节点间的相互干扰。第二,外部通信设备环境因素的变化对WSN造成的干扰。第三,在同一个地理区域存在交叠的传感器网络应用。MAC协议直接影响网络的整体性能,相对于单信道MAC协议,多信道MAC协议可以根据信...

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作者:高德中 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:62 页 大小:746.11KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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