精益思想在A公司库存管理的应用研究

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3.0 陈辉 2024-11-19 5 4 978.47KB 68 页 15积分
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摘 要
“精益”思想是源于丰田精益生产的成功的思想体系,后被引入精益物流管
理理论中。精益的核心内涵就是要消除一切形式的浪费,而过多的库存就是一种
最大的浪费;作为第三利润源的物流成本,库存成本又是其最大的构成;库存管
理在整个供应链的管理当中也是处于核心地位,库存水平和库存结构的合理程度
都决定了采购和供货量,以及采购和供货的频次等。所以对库存管理进行精益化
的理论与应用研究深具意义。
精益思想已在西方发达国的多数企业得到很好的应用,多用在精益生产和精
益物流管理方面,尤其在库存管理方面成效显著;并被引用到服务业也取得良好
的效果。精益思想理论已引入我国,但在应用方面,尤其是存货管理方面的应用
研究仍然较少;至于精益思想在我国工具行业的探讨和应用更是鲜有报道。作为
研究对象的 A工具系统技术(上海)有限公司(以下简称 A公司)的库存管理,
虽然只是一个样本,但也具有行业的某些普遍性特征,通过对 A公司库存管理较
全面的应用研究,期望建立一套行之有效的库存管理的精益化模式,并给行业的
其他公司带来借鉴。所以对精益库存管理的应用研究也具有现实意义。
对精益思想的渊源进行了详细的介绍,全面描述了浪费的各种表现形式及应
对策略;更深地引述了精益的内涵、原则、特征等内容,其中的一些观点:以客
户的“需求”为中心的拉动思想,流动,柔性,可视化管理,全员参与,持续
进等,至今仍然具有强大的适用意义。在对 A公司作为案例进行实证研究的时候,
始终按照“理论与实践相结合”的原则,采取定性和定量相结合的技术路线。论
文的章节内容和框架主要包括:选题意义,文献综述,精益生产和精益物流的相
关理论,库存管理的理论,A公司库存管理中的问题,精益库存管理实施的前
准备工作,精益库存管理的具体实施,后期的保障体系,结论。
基于精益思想和角度,A公司库存管理的问题从“在手”库存,“在途”
存和“在制品”库存三个方面进行了全面的剖析,并找到了根本性的问题
的推动式的库存管理模式。所以在实施方面也相应地应用了精益思想及其解决方
案,包括:拉动式的采购模型,两箱制先进先出管理,条码管理的信息化,6S
场管理的透明化,小批量、多批次、连续供货模式,“一件流”和“混流”生产,
以及“看板”系统和“延期”策略等。这些精益思想的具体实施给 A司带来了
快速和显著的成效,不仅提高了对客户的及时供货率,而且降低了库存水平,提
高了存货周转率,并节省了大量的运输成本等。
精益库存管理在 A公司的成功实施,也验证了精益思想及其解决方案的先进
性、适用性和有效性。
关键词:精益思想 精益库存管理 库存管理优
ABSTRACT
Lean thinking rooted from Toyotas lean manufacturing module, which was
introduced into the theory of lean logistics. The core of the lean is to eliminate any
waste, the massive inventory is the largest waste and it also is the biggest part of logistic
cost as the third profit. Moreover, the inventory management is the key of the entire
supply chain management. The deliveries & supplies depends on inventory level and
element. Therefore, it’s significant to push inventory management to be lean.
To lower logistics cost, the better solution is right the theory of Lean thinking, Less
wastes can surely reduce logistics cost, improve inventory turnover and make sure of
delivery on time etc. Lean Logistics are popular to implement in many firms in
developed nations and then gain perfect outcomes, especially at inventory management,
even in service industry. However, just few China’s companies tried the management of
lean logistics, anyway, more and more people get to know the Lean Logistics from the
widespread training by professional consultants.
At the moment, no paper could be sourced to introduce lean logistics for tools
industry in China. Even only A Tooltechnic Systems (Shanghai) Led. (ab. A Tool
Company) as one sample is to be studied for its performance in lean logistics, who also
has the common characteristics in tool industry cross China. Wish to setup a model of
lean logistics from A company for other enterprises to enjoy and learn, especially for
inventory management. From the view of supply chain, this paper also intends to
extend the barrier of logistic concept into upper suppliers and lower customers.
Moreover, some different arguments are offered against few principles of lean logistics
for further discussion.
Based on the rules of theory & practice, quantitative & qualitative, lean logistics
was introduced into A company to fulfill deeply at inventory management, as special
case. The frame of this paper includes the signification for paper, literature, logistics
problem from A company at inventory management, preparation before to fulfill,
practices, guarantee etc.
With lean thinking & view, to search the all problems from inventory on hand, on
way, on line, the root reason was found finally its because of the traditional inventory
management of “pushing” way. When to implement the lean to solve A company’s
problems, many lean solution were to try and carry out, such as pulling way to purchase,
2 boxes way for FIFO, barcode system, 6S management, one piece way & combined
way for assembly line. Kanban management, delay solution etc. Which are all benefit
to A company fast and largely.
The success in lean inventory management at A company proves the advanced
concept, perfect applicability & efficiency of lean logistics theory.
Key words: Lean Thinking, Lean Inventory Management,
Optimizing Inventory Management
目 录
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪 论 ...............................................................................................................1
§1.1 选题背景 ...........................................................................................................1
§1.2 选题意义 ...........................................................................................................1
§1.3 文献综述 ...........................................................................................................2
§1.3.1 国外的理论研究和应用现状 .................................................................2
§1.3.2 国内的理论研究和应用现状 .................................................................3
§1.4 研究的内容和框架 ...........................................................................................4
第二章 精益思想的相关理论 .......................................................................................7
§2.1 精益生产的概念 ...............................................................................................7
§2.1.1 精益生产的浪费类型 .............................................................................7
§2.1.2 用于消除浪费的七个因素 .....................................................................8
§2.2 精益物流的概念 .............................................................................................10
§2.3 精益物流的形态 .............................................................................................10
§2.4 精益物流的基本原则 .....................................................................................11
§2.5 精益物流的特征 .............................................................................................12
§2.6 库存管理理论 .................................................................................................14
第三章 A公司库存管理中的问题 ...............................................................................17
§3.1 A 公司的背景 ..................................................................................................17
§3.3 “在手的库存问题及原因 .............................................................................. 18
§3.3.1. 库存价值过高 ......................................................................................18
§3.3.2 存货周转率低 .......................................................................................19
§3.3.3 货龄偏大 ...............................................................................................20
§3.3.4 ABC 库存结构不合理 ...........................................................................22
§3.3.5 先进先出管理不规范 ...........................................................................22
§3.3.6 帐、卡、物不符 ...................................................................................23
§3.4 “在途”库存问题及原因 .............................................................................24
§3.4.1 单批价值过高 .......................................................................................24
§3.4.2 到货频次少 ...........................................................................................25
§3.5 在制品的库存问题及原因 .............................................................................26
§3.6 期望的解决方案 .............................................................................................26
第四章 A公司精益库存管理实施的前期工作 ...........................................................29
§4.1 成立跨部门工作小组 .....................................................................................29
§4.2 精益库存管理实施的日程计划 .....................................................................30
§4.3 精益物流和库存管理知识的培训 .................................................................31
§4.4 软硬件设施的添置 .........................................................................................32
第五章 A公司精益库存管理的实施 ...........................................................................33
§5.1 “在手库存管理的精益化 .............................................................................. 33
§5.1.1 “拉动式的采购策略 ............................................................................ 33
§5.1.2 选择合适的采购预测法 .......................................................................34
§5.1.3 滞存物料的及时处理 ...........................................................................36
§5.1.4 “二维”条码系统的应用 ....................................................................37
§5.1.5 “两箱”制先进先出管理 ....................................................................39
§5.1.6 6S”现场管理 ................................................................................... 39
§5.2 “在途”库存的精益化 ..................................................................................42
§5.3 “在制品库存的精益化 .................................................................................. 42
§5.3.1 实行“一件流”作业法 .......................................................................42
§5.3.2 推行“混流”生产技术 .......................................................................44
§5.3.3 快速“换型”插单 ...............................................................................45
§5.3.4 “看板”生产管理 ................................................................................46
§5.3.5 在制品“延期”策略 ...........................................................................48
§5.4 确保交货、库存、运费之间的平衡 .............................................................48
第六章 A公司精益库存管理的后续保障体系 ...........................................................51
§6.1 加强团队合作,推进全员参与 .....................................................................51
§6.2 实行绩效考核制度 .........................................................................................52
§6.3 实施周期盘点 .................................................................................................54
§6.4 客户满意度调查 .............................................................................................55
§6.5 持续改进 .........................................................................................................56
第七章 结 论 .............................................................................................................59
参考文献 .........................................................................................................................61
在读期间公开发表的论文和承担科研项目及取得成果 .............................................63
.............................................................................................................................65
摘要:

摘要“精益”思想是源于丰田精益生产的成功的思想体系,后被引入精益物流管理理论中。精益的核心内涵就是要消除一切形式的浪费,而过多的库存就是一种最大的浪费;作为第三利润源的物流成本,库存成本又是其最大的构成;库存管理在整个供应链的管理当中也是处于核心地位,库存水平和库存结构的合理程度都决定了采购和供货量,以及采购和供货的频次等。所以对库存管理进行精益化的理论与应用研究深具意义。精益思想已在西方发达国的多数企业得到很好的应用,多用在精益生产和精益物流管理方面,尤其在库存管理方面成效显著;并被引用到服务业也取得良好的效果。精益思想理论已引入我国,但在应用方面,尤其是存货管理方面的应用研究仍然较少;至于...

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作者:陈辉 分类:高等教育资料 价格:15积分 属性:68 页 大小:978.47KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-11-19

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