ABSTRACT
China has carried out the reform of taxes and charges in rural areas since 2000, and
the agricultural tax has been finally canceled within the whole nation wide in 2006. For
the whole country, the time after the reform of taxes and charges is labeled as the After
Taxes and Charges Time, in which the way out and the prospect of the grass root finance
become the urgent problem and the major issues that the theory kingdom and the
practical job branch are confronted with at present.
Because of the regional decentralization and the common products’ level feature,
the financial arrangement in rural areas gets the necessity and rationality for its
existence. In the After Taxes and Charges Time, the governments in villages and towns
ought to have three functions, i.e., first, provide the common products and public
services. Residents’ needs for common products have orders, the villages and towns’
government ought to provide the common products according to the peasants’ coming
needs and orders; second, construct a new rural area under the harmonious society target,
which should be carried out according to general requirements of "producing and
developing, living with surplus, civilized countryside, clean and tidy rural environment,
democratic management”; Third, establish the democratic finance, the government of
villages and towns is supposed to build the common product need expressing
mechanism and the supplying decision-making mechanism, listening to peasant's idea,
respecting wishes of farmers, and truly embodying the need of peasants.
According to the investigation and study of town A and town B in Shandong, the
most urgent problem of different villages and towns are varied, but is consistent with the
aspect which villages and towns’ financial budget draws most. Town B budget fund is
spent in a unclear way, though the total income has somewhat increased, but increased
slowly, the total disbursement decreased dramatically. The should-be provided common
products get not provided. The financial breach problem becomes the handcuff of the
regular operation in villages and towns governments, with the features that villages and
towns’ governments are blind to the problem, the common products of rural area and
public services are difficult to provide, the total income could not support the
expenditure, the financial income increases difficultly, villages and towns fall into heavy
debt, and difficult to digest.
Through the theoretical analysis of balanced national income theory, as well as